Ingabe ingane yakho encane ngezinye izikhathi yenza umsindo wokushaya ikhwela lapho iphefumula? Noma ngezinye izikhathi uzithola unobunzima bokuphefumula ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho sinciphile? Nakuba abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lokuthile okufanele kukhathazeke ngakho. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esisodwa esingavamile kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu. Sibizwa ngokuthi i-Subglottic Stenosis. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyesabeka kancane, masiligcine lilula.
Kuyini i-Subglottic Stenosis?
Kalula nje, i-Subglottic Stenosis iwukuncishiswa kwengxenye engenhla yomphimbo wethu (i-trachea), okuyi -bronchi . Lokhu kutholakala ngaphansi kwezintambo zethu zezwi. Njengoba igama lisikisela, elithi "Subglottic" lisho ngaphansi kwezintambo zezwi. elithi "Stenosis" lisho ukuncishiswa.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqonda lokhu ngesibonelo sotshani oluphuzayo. Cabanga ukuthi uphuza amanzi otshani oluphuzayo. Uma utshani luvulekile, ungathatha kalula isiphuzo samanzi. Kodwa kwenzekani uma uqinisa utshani kancane bese ulwenza lube luncane? Inani lamanzi aphumayo liyancipha. Uma uluqinisa kakhulu, inani lamanzi aphumayo liyancipha kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amanzi amancane aphumayo aqala ukuphuma ngomsindo. Yilokho okwenzekayo nakulesi simo. Lapho indlela yokuphefumula incipha, inani lomoya ongena emaphashini liyancipha. Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula nomsindo wokukhala.
Ingabe lesi simo sivamile?
Cha. Empeleni lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu . Sithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amane (400,000). Abantu abaningi kungenzeka abakaze bezwe ngaso. Kodwa uma wena noma ingane yakho ninalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela.
Ziyini izimpawu?
Lezi zimpawu zingaba zincane, zibe maphakathi, noma zibe zimbi kakhulu, kuye ngokuthi indlela yokuphefumula inciphile kangakanani. Ake sibheke ukuthi lezi zimpawu zihluke kanjani ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala.
| Isiguli | Izimpawu ezingabonakala |
|---|---|
| Izingane ezincane/izinsana |
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| Abantu abadala nezingane ezikhulile |
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Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?
Kungaba nezimbangela eziningana ze-subglottic stenosis, futhi ngezinye izikhathi azikho izizathu ezingatholakala.
- I-Congenital Subglottic Stenosis: Ezinye izingane zizalwa zinendlela yokuphefumula emincane. Lokhu kuvame ukukhombisa izimpawu ngemuva nje kokuzalwa.
- I-Acquired Subglottic Stenosis: Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu . Kusho ukuthi indlela yokuphefumula iba mfushane ngemva kokuzalwa ngesizathu esithile. Lokhu kungabangelwa yi:
- Ukuba semshinini wokuphefumula isikhathi eside: Umuntu ogula kakhulu ufakwa ipayipi bese exhunywa kumshini wokuphefumula ukuze amsize aphefumule. Uma kudingeka ahlale emshinini wokuphefumula isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, ipayipi lingalimaza ulwelwesi olubucayi lwemigudu yokuphefumula, okubangela ukwakheka kwezicubu zesilonda futhi kunciphise imigudu yokuphefumula njengoba iphola.
- Ukulimala komgudu wokuphefumula: Ukulimala okukhulu entanyeni noma esifubeni kungalimaza umgudu wokuphefumula.
- Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha: Izifo ezingavamile kakhulu zokuzivikela komzimba noma izimo ezifana ne-vasculitis zingabangela ukuvuvukala kanye nezibazi emigwaqweni yomoya, zinciphise.
- I-Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis: Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala, asikho isizathu esicacile esingatholakala salesi simo. Sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-60 .
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?
Uma utshela udokotela wakho ngalezi zimpawu, uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uzokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu. Uma kusolwa ukuthi i-subglottic stenosis iyinkinga, cishe uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezindlebe, impumulo, kanye nomphimbo (uchwepheshe we-ENT noma i-otolaryngologist) . Uchwepheshe angenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa lesi simo.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Laryngoscopy Eguquguqukayo | Kulokhu, ipayipi elincane, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera encane ekugcineni lidluliselwa emphinjeni ukuze lihlole ingaphakathi le-larynx kanye ne-windpipe. |
| Ukuhlolwa Komsebenzi Wephaphu | Ukuhlolwa okukala ukuthi ungaphefumula futhi ukhiphe umoya ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi ungawuphefumula kangakanani. Uma ukugeleza komoya kuncipha, kuyisibonakaliso sokuncipha kwemigudu yomoya. |
| Iskeni se-Computed Tomography (CT) | Kungenziwa i-CT scan ukuze kubonakale ngokucacile isakhiwo sendlela yokuphefumula, lapho kukhona ukuncishiswa khona, kanye nobubanzi bayo. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisimo esingavamile, akukho ukwelashwa okulingana nakho konke. Ukwelashwa kuncike ezintweni ezifana nobudala besiguli, ubukhali besimo, kanye nembangela.
Ezimweni ezithambile
Uma isimo singesibi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi indlela yokungena komoya inciphile kancane, udokotela wakho angase angakwelaphi ngokushesha, kodwa angase akubeke ekuqapheni okuqhubekayo . Lokhu kusho ukukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze abone ukuthi isimo sakho siya siba sibi yini.
Ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu
- Imijovo ye-Steroid:Lokhu kungasetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokuqala. Kulokhu, intamo kanye nendlela yokuphefumula kuyavalwa nge-anesthesia yendawo, bese kunikezwa umjovo we-steroid ngentamo ungene endleleni yokuphefumula encishisiwe. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kanye nezicubu ezibomvu. Lolu chungechunge lwemijovo luvame ukunikezwa njalo emavikini angu-4-6.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma isimo sibi kakhulu noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka. Kunezinqubo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa.
- Ukwanda Kwe-Endoscopic: Kulokhu, kufakwa ibhaluni elincane endaweni encishisiwe kusetshenziswa i-endoscope bese lifuthwa ukuze kwandiswe indawo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusona isisombululo esihlala njalo ezimweni eziningi. Ukuncipha kungabuya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke inqubo ingadinga ukuphinda.
- Ukususwa Kwe-Cricotracheal: Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kulokhu, ingxenye encane engaphansi kwezintambo zezwi iyasikwa ngokuphelele futhi isuswe, bese izingxenye ezimbili ezisele eziphilile zixhunywa kabusha. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungabangela ukwelashwa okuhlala njalo.
- I-Endoscopic Laryngotracheoplasty: Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, izingcezu ze-cartilage ezithathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wesiguli (isb., ubambo) zitshalwa endaweni encishisiwe ukuze kwandiswe indlela yokuphefumula. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Laryngotracheal Reconstruction.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uthola ngalesi simo. Kodwa khumbula, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Ezimweni eziningi, ngokwelashwa okusheshayo nokufanelekile, lesi simo singalawulwa kahle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi size silapheke. Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singaphinde sibuye . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ukwelashwa futhi ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho senike naphathwa i-Subglottic Stenosis futhi nibona ukuthi izimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokukhwehlela (stridor) ziyavela futhi, ungalibali bese ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekulawuleni isimo ngaphambi kokuba sibe sibi kakhulu. Futhi, uma uqala ukubona lezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kunokuzishaya indiva njengokujwayelekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-subglottic stenosis yisimo esingavamile esibangelwa ukuncishiswa kwengxenye engenhla yomphimbo.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko umsindo wokukhala kwekhwela (stridor) kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
- Lesi simo singavela kunoma ubani, kusukela ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa kuya kubantu abadala.
- Uma ingane yakho noma wena unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu, njengoba lesi simo singabuye sibuye ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa.
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