Ingabe unomugqa omnyama ongajwayelekile ezinzipho zakho? Ake sifunde kabanzi nge-Subungual Melanoma.

Wake waphawula umugqa omnyama noma onsundu ongajwayelekile ezinzipheni zakho noma ezinzwaneni zakho? Kungase kubonakale sengathi kudwetshwe ngepeni nje. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi kumane kuyinxeba noma ukutheleleka okuncane. Kodwa-ke, kungase kungabi lula njengoba sicabanga. Kungaba uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olubizwa ngokuthi i-Subungual Melanoma , olukhula ngaphansi kwezinzipho. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ngakho-ke, kuyini lokhu (i-Subungual Melanoma)?

Kalula nje, i-Subungual Melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluvela ngaphansi kozipho lwakho . Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, umdlavuza wezinzipho. Ngokuvamile uvela njengomugqa omnyama, oqondile osuka phezulu uye phansi eduze kozipho. I-Subungual Melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olungavamile kodwa oluyingozi kakhulu . Odokotela bayibiza ngokuthi "i-Acral Lentiginous Melanoma." Luhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olunolaka kakhulu futhi olungasakazeka ngokushesha. Ngokungafani neminye imidlavuza yesikhumba, i-Subungual Melanoma ayibangelwa ukuchayeka elangeni . Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ivele ezinzipho zozwane lwakho olukhulu, uzwane olukhulu, noma umunwe wokukhomba.

Lo mdlavuza wezinzipho ukhula endaweni lapho uzipho lukhula khona, olubizwa ngokuthi i-nail matrix . I-nail matrix yingxenye yombhede wakho wezinzipho (izicubu ezipinki ngaphansi kozipho) engaphansi kwesikhumba. Iphinde ibe nezinzwa, imithambo yegazi, kanye nama-lymph node. Ngenkathi eminye imidlavuza yesikhumba iqala ebusweni besikhumba, umdlavuza wezinzipho uqala kumaseli akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocytes . Lawa ma-melanocytes akhiqiza umbala obizwa ngokuthi i-melanin onikeza isikhumba sethu umbala wawo. Lapho lawa maseli evuselelwa ngesizathu esithile, ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin kuyanda. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperpigmentation . Yilapho leyo migqa eqondile ngaphansi kozipho ibonakala khona.

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi uma umbala wozipho ushintsha, kungenxa yokuthi unyawo lushayeke ndawana thize, noma ngenxa yokutheleleka okuthile. Ngakho-ke, lo mdlavuza wezinzipho uvame ukutholakala kamuva kuneminye imidlavuza. Ngoba, abantu abazi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zalokhu. Ngakho-ke, ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zalo mdlavuza wezinzipho kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma (i-Subungual Melanoma) itholakala kusenesikhathi (okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza usabalale), amathuba okululama aphezulu kakhulu .

Kubukeka kanjani lokhu? Yiziphi izici?

I-Subungual Melanoma ivame ukubukeka ihlukile kakhulu. Abanye abantu bathi kubonakala sengathi othile udwebe umugqa ophondweni onophawu olumnyama noma olunsundu. Kubonakala sengathi umugqa omnyama oqala phansi kozipho kuya phezulu. Lo mugqa ungase ube mncane ekuqaleni, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ungakhula umboze lonke uzipho futhi udlulele esikhumbeni.Lokhu kushintsha kombala akufani, kodwa kungaba ngemibala ehlukahlukene emnyama nensundu.

Ngokuvamile, umugqa owodwa onombala ungaphansi kwamamilimitha angu-3 ububanzi (cishe ububanzi bamasenti amabili acindezelwe ndawonye), kodwa unganwebeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imigqa inganda ngenani futhi ibe mikhulu. Ukwanda komugqa kuvame ukuqala phansi kwepikili. Kwezinye izimo (i-Subungual Melanoma), umbala wezipikili awushintshi. Esikhundleni salokho, kungakheka iqhubu elincane, elingajwayelekile (`nodule`) elingaphakama ngaphezu kwepikili noma isipikili singase sonakale ngezinye izindlela.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu?

Noma ubani angaba ne-subungual melanoma. Kodwa-ke, uma uneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-70 futhi unesikhumba esimnyama , usengozini enkulu yokuthola lo mdlavuza ngaphansi kwezinzipho. Uvame kakhulu kubantu abansundu baseMelika, abase-Asia, noma abadabuka eHispanic.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

I-Subungual Melanoma yisimo esingavamile kakhulu , esibalwa phakathi kuka-0.7% no-3.5% wabo bonke umdlavuza we-melanoma obikwe emhlabeni jikelele.

Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza wezinzipho?

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-subungual melanoma umugqa oshintsha umbala ovela ezinzipho . Lokhu kuvame ukuba nsundu noma kube mnyama ngombala, futhi kuhamba ngokuqondile kusukela phezulu kuya phansi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lo mugqa ungaba nokwakheka okungajwayelekile futhi unganda ngobude nobubanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Uma une-Subungual Melanoma, uzipho lwakho lungase lubukeke kanje:

• Uzipho lungaqhekeka, luqhekeke, noma lushintshe isimo.
• Umbala ungase ungajwayelekile (okusho ukuthi umbala awusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo).
• Kungase kube nokuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala.
• Uzipho lungaphakama embhedeni.
• Kungase kuvele inxeba, iqhubu, noma liqale ukuphuma igazi.
• Isikhumba esizungeze uzipho singashintsha umbala (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi uphawu lweHutchinson).

Ngezinye izikhathi, akukho ushintsho embala wenzipho nhlobo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukunaka noma yini engavamile noma ehlukile ngezipho zakho, ikakhulukazi uma ungakhumbuli ukuthi uzishaye noma uzilimaze ndawana thize.

I-Subungual Melanoma ingadidaniswa kalula nokutheleleka kwezinzipho noma ukuphuka, ngakho-ke uma ubona into engavamile ngaphansi noma esinzipho sakho, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze ayihlole.

Bona udokotela uma ubona noma yiluphi lwalezi zinguquko ezinzipho zakho:

• Uma umbala ushintsha.
• Uma isimo sishintsha.
• Uma iqala ukuphakama, ukubaleka.
• Uma ukujiya kushintsha.
• Uma kungazelelwe kubonakala sengathi kunezimbobo.

Kungani lokhu (i-Subungual Melanoma) kwenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela?

(I-Subungual Melanoma) iyavelaImbangela eqondile ayikakaziwa. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bayazi ukuthi ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abanesikhumba esimnyama. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi ze-melanoma, ayibangelwa ukuchayeka elangeni. Ukulimala noma ukulimala kozipho kungaba yisici esiyingozi. Izici zofuzo, umlando womndeni walolu hlobo lomdlavuza, kanye nama-skin mole nakho kungaba nomthelela kulesi simo.

Iqala kanjani i-melanoma? Isakazeka ngokushesha kangakanani?

I-Subungual Melanoma ivame ukuqala njengendawo encane emnyama ngaphansi kozipho . Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kushintsha kombala kungaba banzi futhi kungajwayelekile. Uzipho luvame ukulimala, njengokuqhekeka noma ukuxebuka. Njengoba umdlavuza uba mubi kakhulu, lungaqala ukuphuma igazi.

Lo mdlavuza wezinzipho ungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthi ukhule. Akwenzeki ngobusuku obubodwa. Ungase uwubone, bese ukhohlwa ngawo, bese uwubona futhi ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginayo i-Subungual Melanoma?

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi unayo yini i-subungual melanoma ngokuhlola uzipho lwakho nokubukeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Uzobheka ukuthi uzipho lwakho lubukeka lufana ne-subungual melanoma nokuthi usengozini enkulu yini yokuthola lesi simo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunganaki noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinzipho zakho. Uma unokungabaza, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa olwenziwayo ukuqinisekisa lokhu?

Kunemikhawulo yokubuka nje uzipho lwakho ngamehlo akho. Kungadidaniswa nezinye izimo noma ukulimala. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angenza i-"Dermoscopy" (ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba) noma i-"Biopsy" (ukuhlolwa kwezicubu eziphilayo) .

• I-dermoscopy yilapho udokotela ehlola uzipho lwakho nge-microscope ekhethekile (ebizwa ngokuthi i-dermascope). Lokhu kumenza abone indawo ngokuningiliziwe.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kungasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kukhona umdlavuza. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yezicubu endaweni bese kuyihlola i-melanoma. Udokotela usebenzisa ithuluzi elifana nethubhu ukuthatha ucezu oluncane lwezicubu.

Kungenziwa ezinye izivivinyo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izindawo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Subungual Melanoma?

Esikhathini esidlule, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-subungual melanoma kwakuwukunquma umunwe othintekile (`ukunqunywa`), kodwa manje kwenziwa njengesixazululo sokugcina kuphela .

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-subungual melanoma ukuhlinzwa . Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe i-melanoma, futhi ngokuvamile uzipho lwakho lonke.

Njengezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, umdlavuza wezinzipho ungasakazekela kwezinye izitho zomzimba nezicubu. Udokotela wakhoBangenza okuthile okubizwa ngokuthi i-"Sentinel Node Biopsy" (lokhu kubheka ama-lymph node lapho umdlavuza usakazeka khona kakhulu). Bangase batuse nezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza, njenge- "Immunotherapy" noma i-"Radiation Therapy" . Konke lokhu kwenzelwa ukukunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Ingabe lo mdlavuza wezinzipho ungasakazeka?

Yebo, i-(Subungual Melanoma) ingasakazeka , ikakhulukazi esikhumbeni esizungeze uzipho. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile ezinziphoni zakho noma esikhumbeni esizungezile. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimba i-(Subungual Melanoma) ukuthi ingasabalali ukuyibona kusenesikhathi .

Lingakanani izinga lokwelapha uma unesifo (i-Subungual Melanoma)?

(I-Subungual Melanoma) inezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokusinda uma itholakala kusenesikhathi . Uma itholakala kusenesikhathi futhi yelashwa ngokushesha, izinga lokusinda lingaba ngu-95% . Kodwa-ke, uma i-Subungual Melanoma itholakala sekwephuzile futhi umdlavuza ususakazekile, izinga lokusinda lingaba ngaphansi kuka-15% . Uyakubona ukubaluleka kokutholwa kusenesikhathi?

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-Subungual Melanoma?

Nakuba imbangela eqondile ye-nail melanoma ingaziwa, odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zici zingandisa ingozi:

• Ubumnyama besikhumba.
• Omunye emndenini wakho noma wena uqobo wake waba ne-melanoma ngaphambili.
• Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala.

Njengoba i-subungual melanoma ingabangelwa ngqo ukuchayeka elangeni noma ukuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi, kunzima ukuyivimbela. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuqaphela lokhu futhi uhlole njalo izinzipho zakho ukuthi azinawo umbala noma umonakalo ongajwayelekile.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-melanoma, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi. Kuvamile. Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe i-Subungual Melanoma ingelapheka?
• Amathuba okuthi i-Subungual Melanoma ibuye futhi angakanani?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa nge-chemotherapy noma ngemisebe?
• Ingabe ikhona ingozi ye-melanoma emndenini wami?
• Ingabe kukhona engingakwenza ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki futhi?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-subungual melanoma kanye ne-subungual hematoma?

I-subungual hematoma iqoqo legazi ngaphansi kozipho lwakho . Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma ulimele noma ugqoke izicathulo eziqinile. I-subungual melanoma ibukeka njengomugqa omnyama, kanti i-hematoma ibukeka njengokulimala noma ibala elimnyama ngaphansi kozipho lwakho.I-hematoma ingase yophe igazi uma usika uzipho lwakho, noma igazi lingase liphume nozipho bese lihamba. I-hematoma ivela ngokushesha, ngokushesha ngemva kokulimala noma emahoreni ambalwa. I-melanoma ikhula kancane .

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungabukeka njenge-hematoma. Uma unokungabaza noma ubona into engavamile ngaphansi kwezinzipho zakho, kungcono ukubona udokotela .

Ngakho-ke yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kulokhu? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukwazi izimpawu ze-Subungual Melanoma kuyinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza ngalolu hlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Uma ubona umugqa omnyama noma olunye ushintsho olungavamile ezinzipho zakho, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Khumbula, abantu abaningi bayalulama uma i-melanoma itholakala futhi yelashwa kusenesikhathi. Uma une-Subungual Melanoma, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa kwakho nokuthi yini ongayilindela. Odokotela bakho bakhona ukukusiza futhi balalele ukukhathazeka kwakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi esinzima. Ungesabi, into ebalulekile ukwaziswa nokuthatha isinyathelo ngesikhathi esifanele.

I- Subungual Melanoma, Umdlavuza Wezinzipho, Umdlavuza Wesikhumba, Izimpawu Zezinzipho, I-Melanoma, Ukufiphala Kwezinzipho, Izimpawu Zomdlavuza