Uzizwa sengathi umthambo ushaya ohlangothini lwekhanda lakho? Ake sixoxe nge-Superficial Temporal Artery!

Wake wema phambi kwesibuko wacabanga ngokushaya okuncane ongakuzwa ngeminwe yakho uma ubeka isandla sakho ohlangothini lwekhanda lakho, ngaphezu nje kwendlebe yakho? Kunjengokungathi ungazwa isigqi senhliziyo yakho sishaya lapho. Abanye abantu bakubiza ngokuthi "umthambo wesikhashana." Empeleni umthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu, futhi wenza umsebenzi omangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalo mthambo omncane kodwa onamandla ophakela ubuso bethu kanye nogebhezi, i-Superficial Temporal Artery (STA) .

Kalula nje, iyini i-Superficial Temporal Artery (STA)?

Leli gama lingase lizwakale lingokwesayensi kancane, kodwa ake silichaze kahle futhi siliqonde kalula.

• Okungaphezulu kusho ukuthi “phezu kobuso.” Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo mthambo useduze kakhulu nesikhumba sethu, phezu kobuso. Yingakho singakuzwa ukushaya kwawo ezandleni zethu.
• I-temporal ibhekisela ohlangothini lwekhanda lethu . Ngokukhethekile, ingxenye engenhla naphambi kwezindlebe.
• Umthambo wegazi uthwala igazi elihlanzekile neligcwele umoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke.

Ngakho-ke, kafushane nje, i-Superficial Temporal Artery iyi-artery etholakala ohlangothini lwekhanda lethu, ngaphansi nje kwesikhumba. Uyazi ukuthi ivelaphi? Iqala ku -External Carotid Artery, okuwumthambo omkhulu ohlangothini ngalunye lwentamo yethu. Ifana nomsele omncane oqala emfuleni omkhulu. Njengoba nje sinalo mthambo omkhulu ohlangothini lwesokudla nolwesobunxele lwentamo yethu, sine-Superficial Temporal Artery emibili ohlangothini lwesokudla nolwesobunxele lwekhanda lethu.

Iyiphi inkonzo enhle eyenziwa yilo mthambo omncane?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko nolula walo mthambo wegazi ukuhlinzeka ngegazi kwezinye izingxenye zobuso bethu kanye nogebhezi . Okusho ukuthi, isikhumba nemisipha kulezo zindawo zithola umoya-mpilo odingekayo kanye nokudla okunomsoco ngalo mthambo wegazi.

Kodwa kukhona okubaluleke nakakhulu. Odokotela, ikakhulukazi odokotela abahlinza izinzwa, basebenzisa lo mthambo ekuhlinzeni okubaluleke kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi umthambo omkhulu wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni uvaliwe. Bese odokotela basebenzisa lo mthambo we-Superficial Temporal, njengalapho umgwaqo uvaliwe, bakha umzila omusha (bypass) wokuthumela igazi ebuchosheni. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okusindisa impilo.

Kunezimo eziningana lapho lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa ludingeka khona:

• Ama-Aneurysms (ukuvuvuka noma ukuvuvuka kwemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni)
• Ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi kuya emithanjeni eyinhloko yobuchopho (Umthambo wobuchopho ophakathi noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo ye-carotid yangaphakathi)
• Isifo sikaMoyamoya - Lesi yisimo lapho imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni incipha kancane kancane bese ivaleka.
• Isifo sohlangothi

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mthambo usetshenziswa futhi njengendlela yokudlulisela ezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga, isibonelo, i- angiogram , noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha imithambo yegazi .

Kukuphi ngempela lokhu emzimbeni wethu?

Lo mthambo uqala ngaphakathi kwe-Parotid gland , i-salivary gland etholakala ngezansi naphambi kwezindlebe zethu. Ukusuka lapho, uhamba phakathi kwamathambo ethu ezihlathini nasezindlebeni. Ungawuzwa futhi njengamanje ngokubeka iminwe emibili phambi kwendlebe yakho, ngaphezu kwamathambo ezihlathini zakho, bese uwuzwa kancane kancane. Uzowuzwa lowo mfutho wegazi.

Yimaphi amagatsha aqhamuka kulo mthambo?

Njengoba nje umfula omkhulu ukhula ube amagatsha amancane, i-Superficial Temporal Artery ikhula ibe amagatsha amancane, ngalinye linikeza igazi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zekhanda nobuso.

Ingabe lo mthambo uyafana kuwo wonke umuntu?

Cha. Lokhu kungenye yezinto ezimangalisa kakhulu ngemizimba yethu. Njengeminwe yethu, indawo yalo mthambo nendlela osebenza ngayo ingahluka kumuntu nomuntu . Abanye abantu banezinsika ezimbili eziyinhloko, noma ezingavamile ukuba zintathu. Futhi indawo lapho lo mthambo uhlukana khona kabili ingaba ngaphezu kwethambo lesihlathi kwabanye abantu, kanti kwabanye ingaba ngaphansi kwawo. Okumangalisa nakakhulu ukuthi umthambo ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwekhanda lakho ungase uhluke kumthambo ongakwesokudla.

Yiziphi izifo nezinkinga ezithinta lo mthambo?

Njengayo yonke eminye imithambo yegazi, i-Superficial Temporal Artery ingaba sengozini yezifo ezithile kanye nomonakalo.

• I-Aneurysm: Ubuthakathaka bodonga lomthambo, okubangela ukuba luvuvuke njengebhaluni.
• I-Pseudoaneurysm: Ihlule legazi elakheka nxazonke komthambo ngenxa yomonakalo womthambo. Lokhu kungazwakala futhi esandleni njengefindo.
• I-Temporal Arteritis / I-Giant Cell Arteritis: Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu nesibucayi esithinta lo mthambo. Sibangela ukuvuvukala kwezindonga zemithambo. Sivame ukwenzeka kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50.
• Izinkinga ezibangelwa ukuhlinzwa kobuso: Lo mthambo ungalimala ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
• Izingozi: Lo mthambo ungalimala ngenxa yengozi yemoto, ukuwa, noma ukushaywa ekhanda/ebusweni ngenkathi udlala imidlalo.

Ziyini izimpawu zokulimala kwemithambo ye-STA?

Uma kunenkinga nge-Superficial Temporal Artery yakho, ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo.

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu: Ikhanda elisha elibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olulodwa lwekhanda.
• Isiyezi
• Iqhubu elibuhlungu engalweni lapho kukhona khona umthambo: Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengeqhubu ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga nokukhathala
• Ubuhlungu lapho uthinta uhlangothi lwekhanda noma lwesikhumba sekhanda
• Izinkinga zokubona: Ukubona okufiphele ngokuzumayo, ukubona okukabili, noma ukulahlekelwa umbono. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esibi kakhulu.
• Ukopha: Uma kwenzeka ingozi, ukopha kungase kwenzeke ngoba lo mthambo ungaphandle.

Odokotela bayihlola kanjani le mithambo yegazi?

Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ekuxilonga. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kudingeka, angenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuqinisekisa isimo salo mthambo.

• I-Ultrasound Scan: Isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi emthanjeni kanye nesimo sezindonga zawo.
• I-CT Scan noma i-Angiogram: Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezicacile zemithambo yegazi.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA): Isebenzisa insimu yamagnetic ukuthola izithombe ezinemininingwane zomthambo.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okunye kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.
• I-Biopsy: Uma kusolwa ukuthi i-temporal arteritis, udokotela angase athathe ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu emthanjeni ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia bese eyihlola.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kuncike esimweni sakho sezokwelapha.

• Uma une-aneurysm: yisuse ngokuhlinzwa noma uyilungise.
• Uma une-pseudoaneurysm: Umjovo we-thrombin ungasetshenziswa ukuqinisa ihlule legazi noma kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa okuncane.
• Nge-Temporal Arteritis: Kunikezwa imithi ye-steroid . Lokhu kulawula ukuvuvukala komthambo.
• Ngomonakalo obangelwe ingozi: Ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa komthambo wegazi.

Singayigcina kanjani i-Exficial Temporal Artery yethu iphilile?

Asikho isidingo sokunakekela ngokukhethekile lo mthambo. Izinto ezifanayo ozenzayo ukugcina inhliziyo yakho kanye nohlelo lonke lokujikeleza kwegazi kuphilile zanele ukugcina lo mthambo uphilile.

• Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo: Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, ubhontshisi kanye nokolweni ophelele.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo: Yenza ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu emithanjeni yegazi.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Nciphisa usawoti: Ukudla usawoti omningi kuthinta umfutho wegazi.

Siyakhohlwa ukuthi lezi zingxenye ezincane zomzimba wethu esingenakuzibona zisebenza kanzima kangakanani. Ngakho-ke, ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo kuyindlela enkulu kunazo zonke esingazinikeza zonke lezi zingxenye. Futhi, uma uzwa noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile noma ubuhlungu emzimbeni wakho, ungakushayi indiva futhi ungalokothi ukhohlwe ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.