Uma uzwa igama elithi "umdlavuza we-colorectal," abanye abantu bayesaba kancane, akunjalo? Kodwa empeleni lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvamile ezweni lethu nasemhlabeni jikelele. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuphumelelayo kakhulu kwalokhu ukususa ingxenye yekholoni equkethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngendlela enobungane, ukuthi ziyini lezi zinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, zenziwa kanjani, kanye nezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Okokuqala, ake siqonde lezi zinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kanye nencazelo yazo.
Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza nokuthi ususakazeke kangakanani. Ake sibheke izindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo.
| Indlela yokuhlinzwa | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa kwe-polypectomy | Lokhu kuhilela ukususa amaqhubu amancane (ama-polyp) akheka ngaphakathi kwekholoni. La maqhubu avame ukuphenduka umdlavuza kamuva. Lawa angasuswa ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy. |
| Ukususwa Kwendawo | Le nqubo isetshenziselwa umdlavuza we-rectal. Umdlavuza kanye nengxenye encane yodonga lwe-colon oluzungezile kuyasuswa. Lokhu akudingi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. |
| Ukususwa kabusha | Lokhu kuhilela ukusika nokususa ingxenye yekholoni lapho umdlavuza ukhona khona kanye nezinye izicubu ezizungezile. Lolu uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oluvame kakhulu. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparoscopic | Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole." Kuwukuhlinzwa lapho kufakwa khona ikhamera namathuluzi ngemigodi emincane eminingana esiswini esikhundleni sokusikwa okukhulu. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe. |
Kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic?
Esikhathini esidlule, ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu kwakudinga ukusikwa okukhulu eduze kwesisu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile." Empeleni kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola futhi kubuhlungu kakhulu.
Kodwa manje ubuchwepheshe buthuthukile. Ngendlela ye -laparoscopic , udokotela ohlinzayo wenza imivimbo emincane emi-3 kuya kweyisithupha, cishe engamamilimitha angu-5-10 ngobukhulu, esiswini sakho. Ikhamera (i-laparoscope) ifakwa ngenye yezimbobo. Ngemuva kwalokho, izitho ezingaphakathi kwesisu zingabukwa ngendlela ekhulisiwe, njengasesikrinini se-TV. Izinsimbi ezikhethekile zifakwa ngezinye izimbobo, futhi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngobunono obukhulu.
Izinzuzo zale ndlela ukunciphisa ubuhlungu kanye nezibazi, ukululama okusheshayo, kanye nengozi encishisiwe yokutheleleka.
Le ndlela manje isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimweni ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn, i-diverticulitis, ngisho nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa komdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu?
Ingxenye yamathumbu ekhishwayo iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza utholakala kuphi nokuthi usakazeke kuphi. Ake sibheke ezinye zezinhlobo zokuhlinzwa.
- Ukususwa Kwesisu Okuyingxenye: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye yomdlavuza yekholoni lakho kanye nama-lymph node ambalwa aseduze. Bese kuthi izingxenye ezisele eziphilile zekholoni lakho ziphinde zixhunywe. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-anastomosis . Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, imikhuba yakho yamathumbu izobuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokuhlinzwa Kwesisu/Ukuhlinzwa Kwesisu Okungakwesokudla: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye efanele yamathumbu amakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu amancane (ileum) enamathele kuwo nayo iyasuswa.
- Ukususwa Kwesisu: Lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. I-anus yakho, i-rectum, kanye nengxenye engezansi yekholoni lakho (i-sigmoid colon) zisusiwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwenziwa imbobo ehlala njalo esikhumbeni sesisu sakho bese kubekwa isikhwama ukuze kudlule imfucuza. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i- permanent colostomy .
- I-Total Proctocolectomy: Lolu ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu okubanzi kakhulu. Kulokhu, kokubili ikholoni kanye ne-rectum kususwa ngokuphelele.
Yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezihlotshaniswa nokuhlinzwa?
Ngezinye izikhathi, kunezinye izinto okudingeka zenziwe ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa okuyinhloko. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi futhi.
I-Stoma noma i-Ostomy
Kalula nje, i-stoma inqubo exhumanisa ingxenye yamathumbu nobuso besikhumba sesisu, okwenza kube nomgodi omusha wokuphuma kwendle.
- Uma uxhumanisa ukuphela kwamathumbu amakhulu kuwo,Kubizwa ngokuthi i-colostomy .
- Uma ingxenye yamathumbu amancane ixhumene, ibizwa ngokuthi i-ileostomy .
Isikhwama esikhethekile (iStoma Bag) sisetshenziswa ukuqoqa imfucuza kulesi stoma. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungokwesikhashana . Okusho ukuthi, kushiywa endaweni kuphela kuze kube yilapho indawo yokuhlinzwa iphola. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, kwenziwa olunye ukuhlinzwa okuncane ukuze kususwe lokhu futhi kuxhunywe kabusha amathumbu ngaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kwezinye izihlinzeko, lokhu kufanele kushiywe endaweni unomphela .
Izikhwama zangaphakathi (Izikhwama)
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokususwa ngokuphelele kwendunu, kwakheka isikhwama esincane ngaphakathi emzimbeni sisuka emathunjini amancane ukuze siqoqe futhi sigcine imfucuza. Lokhu kuqeda isidingo sesikhwama sangaphandle. Isikhwama se-Ileal (J) siyindlela ethandwayo yalolu hlobo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuhlinzwa Kwesibindi
Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu ngezinye izikhathi ungasakazekela esibindini. Uma kunjalo, kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza ungakanani, umdlavuza wesibindi ungasuswa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuhlinzwa kwamathumbu amakhulu.
Ukululama kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ngemva kokuhlinzwa
Iningi labantu liyalulama kahle ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa. Kuzodingeka uphuze imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ungase utshelwe ukuthi udle ukudla okumanzi kuphela. Kodwa uzokwazi ukudla ngendlela evamile ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile, njengokuphuma kwegazi, ukutheleleka, kanye nokuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni.
Okumele ukuqaphele: Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nokuvuza okuvela ezindaweni zokuxhuma emathunjini. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, qaphela lezi zimpawu. Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu , tshela udokotela wakho noma isibhedlela ngokushesha .
* Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
* Imfiva
* Isisu sizwakala siqinile njengedwala
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uthintana nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Landela imiyalelo yabo ngqo. Bangase batuse ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njenge-chemotherapy, ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko komdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu ukuhlinzwa. Ungesabi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela.
- Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenziwayo luyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa, kusukela ekususweni kweqhubu elincane kuya ekususweni kwengxenye enkulu yekholoni.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparoscopic (keyhole) kuyindlela yesimanje eyenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane, akubuhlungu kakhulu, futhi kuphola ngokushesha.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuthile, kungadingeka usebenzise isikhwama sesisu (i-Colostomy/Ileostomy) okwesikhashana noma unomphela ukuze ususe udoti.
- Uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, noma ukuvuvuka kwesisu ngemva kokuhlinzwa , yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
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