Wake wavuka ekuseni wathola inqwaba yezinwele zigcwele isikhwama sakho somcamelo noma zinamathele ebhulashini lakho lezinwele ngenkathi usika izinwele zakho? Uzizwa sengathi izinwele zakho ziyancipha? Empeleni lokhu kuyinkinga evamile kubantu abaningi. Kwabanye, lokhu kungaba yinkinga encane, kodwa kwabanye, ukulahlekelwa ngisho nezinwele ezincane kungaba yimbangela enkulu yokucindezeleka. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa izinwele, noma ukulahlekelwa izinwele.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, iyini le nwele?
Kalula nje, izinwele ziyiprotheni ekhiqizwa yizimbotshana zezinwele esikhumbeni sethu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi iphrotheni i-Keratin . Izinwele zikhula cishe yonke indawo emizimbeni yethu, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimbalwa njengezintende zezandla zethu. Kodwa ezinye zazo zincane kangangokuthi asikwazi ukuzibona.
Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu omdala unezinwele ezingaba ngu-100,000 kuya ku-150,000 ekhanda lakhe. Kuvamile ukulahlekelwa cishe yizinwele ezingu-50 kuya ku-100 ngosuku. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngezinwele ezimbalwa ekhamelweni lakho.
Ngisho nenye yezinwele zethu inomjikelezo wokuphila. Ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- I-Anagen: Lesi yisikhathi sokukhula kwezinwele okusebenzayo. Lesi sikhathi singahlala iminyaka emi-2 kuya kweyi-8. Cishe u-90% wezinwele ezisekhanda lethu zikulesi sigaba.
- Isigaba se-Catagen: Lesi yisikhathi esifushane esingamaviki amabili kuya kwamathathu lapho ukukhula kwezinwele kuyeka khona.
- Isigaba sokuphumula (i-Telogen): Lokhu kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezi-2-3. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, i-follicle yezinwele iyawa, bese i-follicle entsha yezinwele iqala ukukhula kuleyo follicle efanayo. Lo mjikelezo uyaqhubeka.
Kujwayelekile ukuthi izinga lokukhula kwezinwele linciphe kancane njengoba sikhula.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokulahlekelwa izinwele?
Ukulahlekelwa izinwele, noma igama lezokwelapha lesimo esithi "Alopecia", kungafika ngezindlela eziningi. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lokulahlekelwa izinwele | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuncipha kwemvelo okwenzeka ngokuguga (Involutional Alopecia) | Njengoba sikhula, ukulahleka kwezinwele kuyanda, inani lezinwele ezintsha liyancipha, futhi izinwele ziba zincane. Lokhu kungokwemvelo. |
| I-Alopecia ye-Androgenic | Lesi yisimo sofuzo. Kwabesilisa, impandla iqala ezinhlangothini zebunzi kanye nasekhanda. Kwabesifazane, izinwele ezisekhanda ziba zincane kakhulu. |
| Ukulahlekelwa izinwele okungazelelwe (i-Alopecia Areata) | Lokhu kungaqala ngokuzumayo. Kuyisimo esibangelwa ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasela ngephutha ama-follicle ezinwele. Kubangela ukuthi kuvele amabala anempandla ngendlela eyindilinga. |
| Ukudonsa izinwele ngenxa yokucindezeleka (i-Trichotillomania) | Lesi yisimo sengqondo lapho abantu bekhipha khona izinwele zabo ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Sivame kakhulu ezinganeni. |
| Ukulahlekelwa izinwele okwesikhashana ngokweqile (i-Telogen Effluvium) | Ngemva kokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo (isib. ukugula okukhulu, ukubeletha, ukuhlinzwa), izinwele eziningi ngokuzumayo ziya esigabeni sokuphumula bese ziwela phansi. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuba okwesikhashana. |
| I-Alopecia ebangela amanxeba | Ezinye izifo zesikhumba noma izifo zingabhubhisa ngokuphelele ama-follicle ezinwele, okubangela ukuba izinwele zingaphinde zikhule kulezo zindawo. |
Yiziphi izimbangela zokulahlekelwa izinwele?
Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukusho ngqo ukuthi kungani izinwele zabanye abantu ziphuma kakhulu kunabanye, kunezici eziningana ezibangela lokhu.
- Ama-hormone: Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kungabangelwa ukungalingani kwama-hormone emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi izinguquko kuma-hormone wesilisa (ama-androgens).
- Izakhi zofuzo: Ukuthambekela kokuba nempandla kunganqunywa izakhi zofuzo ozithola kumama nobaba wakho.
- Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo nomzimba: Izinto ezifana nokucindezeleka okukhulu, ukugula okukhulu, kanye nokubeletha kungabangela ukulahlekelwa izinwele okwesikhashana.
- Eminye imithi: Imithi yokulwa nomdlavuza (i-chemotherapy), imithi yokunciphisa igazi, kanye neminye imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme nayo ingabangela ukulahleka kwezinwele.
- Ukushoda kokudla okunempilo: Ukungadli ukudla okunempilo, ikakhulukaziUkulahlekelwa izinwele kunganda uma umzimba untula izakhamzimba ezifana namaprotheni, i-iron, i-zinc, namavithamini (A, B, C, D, kanye no-E).
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izimo ezifana nesifo se-thyroid, isifo sikashukela, i-lupus, kanye ne-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi nazo zingabangela ukulahleka kwezinwele.
- Ukunakekelwa kwezinwele: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okuvamile njengokufiphaza izinwele, ukudaya, kanye nokufaka izinwele ezinde kungenza izinwele zibe buthaka futhi ziphuke. Futhi, ukudonsa izinwele zakho ngokuqinile nokusebenzisa ama-curlers ashisayo nakho kuyingozi ezinweleni zakho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuzama ukuthola imbangela ngokushesha nje lapho usola ukuthi izinwele zakho ziyawa. Uma uthola imbangela ngokushesha, kuba lula kakhulu ukwelapha.
Uyibona kanjani ngokunembile i-follicle yezinwele?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi izinwele zakho ziyaphela, kufanele uqale ubonane nodokotela ofanelekayo (udokotela) . Udokotela uzobe esenza okulandelayo:
1. Umlando wezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa: Bazokubuza ukuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho onalesi simo, ukuthi uthatha yiphi imithi, nokuthi indlela yakho yokuphila injani. Bazohlola ngokucophelela ugebhezi lwakho.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uhlole igazi ukuze uhlole izinto ezifana namazinga ensimbi, amazinga ama-hormone e-thyroid, kanye namazinga amavithamini.
3. I-Trichoscopy: Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola olusebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile efana nekhamera ukukhulisa isikhumba sekhanda kanye nezimbotshana zezinwele.
4. I-biopsy yesikhumba: Akuvamile kakhulu, uma ukuxilongwa kungacaci, ingcezu encane kakhulu yesikhumba ingathathwa esikhumbeni sekhanda bese ithunyelwa ukuze iyohlolwa.
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzokwazi ukuphetha ngokuthi yini ebangela ukulahleka kwezinwele zakho.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yokulahlekelwa izinwele. Kwezinye izimo zesikhashana, ukwelapha imbangela (isib., ukuthatha amaphilisi ensimbi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwensimbi) kungamisa ukulahleka kwezinwele futhi kuvumele izinwele zikhule futhi.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha izimo ezifana nempandla ezuzwe njengefa:
Izinhlobo zemithi
- I-Minoxidil (i-Rogaine): Lokhu kuwuketshezi noma igwebu elifakwa ngqo ekhanda. Likhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele.
- I-Finasteride (i-Propecia): Leli iphilisi elivunyelwe amadoda. Kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela ngaphambi kokulithatha.
- Ama-Corticosteroids: Ezimweni ezihlobene nesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba njenge-'Alopecia areata', lolu hlobo lomuthi (imijovo noma okhilimu) lungasetshenziswa.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
- Ukuxhunyelelwa/Ukufakelwa Izinwele:Ukuthatha ama-follicle ezinwele endaweni eyondlekile kahle yomzimba (ngokuvamile ngemuva kwentamo) bese uwafaka ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona izinwele.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-PRP (Ukwelashwa kwe-Plasma Ecebile Nge-Plasma): I-Plasma ihlukaniswa negazi lakho bese ifakwa ekhanda njenge-concentrate yezakhamzimba. Lokhu kuvuselela ama-follicle ezinwele.
- Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya / Ukwelashwa nge-laser: Kusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-laser okuphansi ukwandisa umsebenzi wezinwele zezinwele.
- Ukufakwa kwesikhumba esincanyana: Lena indlela efana 'ne-tattoo' ehlala njalo. Amachashazi amancane kakhulu adwetshwa ezindaweni lapho izinwele zincane khona, ukuze kubonakale sengathi kunezinwele.
Khumbula, akuwona wonke amafutha noma i-shampoo ebizwa ngokuthi "izimangaliso" emakethe eye yafakazelwa ngokwesayensi. Ngakho-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubonisana nodokotela wesikhumba ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yini.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Kujwayelekile ukulahlekelwa izinwele ezingu-50-100 ngosuku. Uma ulahlekelwa ngaphezu kwalokho noma uma unezinwele ezinde, qaphela.
- Kunezizathu eziningi zokulahlekelwa izinwele. Izakhi zofuzo, ama-hormone, ukudla okunomsoco, ukucindezeleka, kanye nezinye izifo yizona eziyinhloko.
- Uma unenkinga yokulahlekelwa izinwele, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela ofanelekayo ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Manje kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezifakazelwe ngokwesayensi ezitholakalayo, ngakho ungalilahli ithemba.
- Ungazivikela izinwele zakho ngokudla ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukunciphisa ukwelashwa okunamandla ngamakhemikhali, nokuhlanza izinwele zakho ngobumnene.
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