Ukungezwani komzimba kanye nokungavikeleki komzimbaJulayi 16, 2026🔄 Updated: Jul 16, 2026⏱ 9 min

Unemibuzo mayelana ne-lupus? Ake sixoxe ngayo!

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-16T13:39:26.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

I-Lupus yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesihlala isikhathi eside. Kalula nje, yisimo lapho amasosha omzimba ethu, asivikela ezifweni, eqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ethu aphilile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-autoimmunity. Lokhu kungalimaza izitho ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa isikhumba, amalunga, izinso, inhliziyo, kanye nobuchopho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, manje sekukhona izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zokusiza ukulawula lezi zimpawu nokunciphisa ukuqubuka kwamangqamuzana.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Lupus?

Izimpawu ze-lupus zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ozoba nezimpawu ezifanayo. Kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

Ubomvu ebusweni noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba . Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungavela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuso ngesimo esifana nesebhabhathane (ubomvu bubhabhathane).
Isikhumba siba nomuzwa omkhulu elangeni . Ngisho noma sitholakala isikhathi esifushane elangeni kungabangela ukubomvu kanye nokuqubuka .
Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu . Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani, ungase uzizwe sengathi lokhu kukhathala ngeke kuphele.
Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu .
Ubuhlungu bamalunga nokuvuvukala . Lobuhlungu bungase bube bubi kakhulu ekuseni.
Isifo sikaRaynaud . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho iminwe nezinzwane ziphenduka zibe mhlophe ngokuzumayo, zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zibe ndikindiki, futhi zibe buhlungu uma zibekwe emakhazeni. Bese ziphenduka zibe bomvu futhi.
Ubuhlungu bemisipha .
Ukwehlisa isisindo .
Izilonda ekhaleni, emlonyeni, noma emphinjeni .
Izindlala ezivuvukele .
Amabala anempandla kanye nokulahlekelwa izinwele .
Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi, okungukuthi, i-anemia .
Ukuthambekela kokuba nezifo ezithathelwanayo njalo .
Ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi oluzungeze inhliziyo, isisu, noma amaphaphu . Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu esifubeni kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Ukuquleka noma ezinye izinkinga zezinzwa.
Izinkinga zezinso : Kungase kube nephrotheni emchameni kanye nokuvuvukala emilenzeni.

Khumbula, ukuthi nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi une-lupus. Kodwa uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu zilandelana, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

I-Lupus ivame ukubonakala kwabesifazane abasebasha, ikakhulukazi labo abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-15 no-45.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-lupus?
Ngisho noma ibizwa ngokuthi i-lupus, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
I-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-lupus. Igama elithi 'systemic' lisho ukuthi lithinta izinhlelo eziningi emzimbeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-SLE ingathinta izitho eziningi ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa isikhumba, amalunga, izinso, ubuchopho, inhliziyo namaphaphu. Yingakho izimpawu zihlukahlukene kangaka.
I-Lupus Encane
Lolu hlobo luthinta kakhulu isikhumba. Kunezinye izinhlobo zalolu hlobo, isibonelo:
I-Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE) : Lokhu kubangela ukuthi kuvele amabala ayindilinga, anjengemali, abomvu, anamabala esikhumbeni. Lawa avame kakhulu ezindaweni ezivezwe yilanga njengobuso, izindlebe, kanye nesikhumba sekhanda. Uma kuvela ukuqubuka esikhumbeni sekhanda, kungabangela ukulahleka kwezinwele futhi ngezinye izikhathi kube nezibazi.
I-Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (SCLE) : Lokhu kungabangela izilonda ezibomvu, ezi-annular, noma ze-papulosquamous. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi ezindaweni ezivezwe yilanga. Kodwa-ke, mancane amathuba okuba zibangele izibazi kune-DLE.
I-Lupus Erythematosus ebangelwa yimithi (DILE)
Lena indaba ehlukile. Eminye imithi (isibonelo, eminye imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nesifo sokuwa) ingabangela izimpawu ze-lupus njengokusabela kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokuyeka imithi. Futhi mancane kakhulu amathuba okuthi ibangele umonakalo omkhulu, njengokulimala kwezinso.
Ziyini izimbangela ze-lupus?
Kunzima ukukhomba imbangela eyodwa kuphela ye-lupus. Ngokuvamile ibangelwa yinhlanganisela yezici. Ake sibheke izici eziyinhloko ezingaba nomthelela kulokhu:
Ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo : Uma abanye abantu bene-lupus noma ezinye izifo ezizimele emindenini yabo, bangase babe nokuthambekela okuthile kokuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zinethonya elithile kuso. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nezakhi zofuzo zodwa akusibangeli lesi sifo, nezinye izici nazo kumele zidlale indima.
Izinto ezibangela imveloNgezinye izikhathi lesi sifo singabangelwa izinto ezisendaweni yangaphandle.
Ukutheleleka : Kutholakale ukuthi izimpawu ze-lupus zingavela ngemva kwezinto ezithile, njengokutheleleka ngegciwane.
Imithi ethile : Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, i-lupus ingenzeka njengokusabela kwemithi ethile.
Ukukhanya kwelanga (imisebe ye-UV) : Ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet nakho kungabangela ukuba i-lupus iqhume noma ikhule kwabanye abantu.
Ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo : Izimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingavela ngemva kwezehlakalo ezicindezela kakhulu, njengengozi enkulu, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukufa kothandekayo.
Ama-hormone : Ngenxa yokuthi i-lupus ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi i- estrogen yehomoni yabesifazane ingase ibe nomthelela othile kulesi sifo. Isibonelo, izimpawu zingashintsha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngezikhathi ezithile zomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuze umuntu abe ne-lupus, kumele abe nesifo esibangelwa yizakhi zofuzo, futhi kumele kube khona into engokwemvelo noma esinye isizathu esenza lawo ma-gene asebenze. Lokhu kufana nokudonsa isibhamu ukuze sidubule.
Itholakala kanjani i-Lupus?
Ukuqaphela i-lupus ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ngoba izimpawu zayo ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi zingafana nezezinye izifo. Uma udokotela esola ukuthi i-lupus inesifo, uzokwenza okulandelayo:
Bazokubuza imibuzo eminingi mayelana nezimpawu zakho : ziyini izimpawu zakho, zaqala nini, ziba zimbi noma zibe ngcono kanjani, njll. Bangase futhi bakubuze ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nalezi zimo.
Ukuhlolwa komzimba : Kuhlolwa izilonda zesikhumba, amalunga avuvukele, amaphaphu kanye nenhliziyo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi : Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubheka izinto ezifana nalezi:
Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC) : Lokhu kuhlola inani lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet. Abantu abane-lupus bangase babe ne-anemia, amaseli amhlophe egazi aphansi, nama-platelet aphansi.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) : Lolu wuhlolo oluyinhloko olwenziwa uma kusolwa i-lupus. I-ANA uhlobo lwe-antibody olukhiqizwa ngokumelene ne-nucleus yamaseli omzimba wethu. Iningi labantu abane-lupus linokuhlolwa kwe-ANA okuhle. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu one-ANA one-lupus. I-ANA ingaba nethemba nakwezinye izimo zezokwelapha kanye nakubantu abaphilile.
Amanye ama-autoantibodies athile: Uma i-ANA ine-positive, sibheka nama-antibodies aqondene kakhulu ne-lupus, njenge-anti-dsDNA kanye ne-anti-Sm. Uma lawa ene-positive, awusizo olukhulu ekuqinisekiseni i-lupus.
I-ESR (Izinga Lokushaqeka Kwegazi Eliphuma Egazini) kanye ne-CRP (Iphrotheni Esebenzayo Ye-C) : Lokhu kuhlolwa kungahlola ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Lokhu kungakhuphuka ngesikhathi sokwanda kwe-lupus.
Ukuhlolwa komchamo : Ukuhlolwa komchamo kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi izinso zithintekile yini. Kuhlolwa amaprotheni negazi emchameni.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa isampula yezicubu (i-biopsy) : Uma kukhona isilonda sesikhumba, kungathathwa ingxenye encane yaso (i-skin biopsy) bese kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini izinguquko ezihlobene ne-lupus. Futhi, uma kukhona ukusola ukuthi izinso zithintekile, kungathathwa ingxenye encane yenso bese kuhlolwa (i-kidney biopsy).
Ukuxilonga i-lupus kufana nokuxazulula iphazili. Udokotela wakho uzohlanganisa izimpawu zakho, imiphumela yokuhlolwa, kanye nolunye ulwazi ukuze athole ukuxilongwa okunembile. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuqondile ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni okukodwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Lupus?
Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-lupus. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo zokusiza ukulawula izimpawu, ukunciphisa ukuqubuka, nokunciphisa ukulimala kwezitho. Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekutheni yiziphi izitho ezithintekile nokuthi izimpawu zakho zimbi kangakanani . Umuntu one-lupus ngokuvamile udinga usizo lwethimba lodokotela.
Usizo oluvela kodokotela abangochwepheshe
Ngenxa yokuthi i-lupus ingathinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba, ingadinga usizo lochwepheshe abaningi. Isibonelo:
Isazi Sezifo Zamalunga : Udokotela ogxile ezifweni zamalunga, imisipha, kanye nezicubu ezixhumeneyo. Isazi Sezifo Zamalunga sidlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni i-lupus.
Udokotela Wezinso : Udokotela ogxile ezifweni zezinso. Uma izinso zithintekile yi-lupus, usizo lwalo dokotela lubalulekile.
Udokotela Wesikhumba : Welapha izimo zesikhumba ezifana namabala namanxeba.
Udokotela wenhliziyo : Uma kukhona imiphumela enhliziyweni.
Udokotela Wezifo Zamaphaphu : Uma kukhona imiphumela emaphashini.
Udokotela wezinzwa : Uma kukhona umthelela ebuchosheni noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
Isazi Sengqondo noma Udokotela Wezifo Zengqondo : Ukukusiza ukuthi ubhekane nokucindezeleka nokudabuka okuhambisana nokuphila nesifo sesikhathi eside njenge-lupus.
Izinhlobo zemithi esetshenziswayo
Kusetshenziswa imithi ehlukahlukene ukulawula izimpawu ze-lupus nokuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala :
Imithi Engavimbi Ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) : Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-ibuprofen ne-naproxen. Le mithi inikezwa izinto ezifana nobuhlungu bamalunga, ubuhlungu bemisipha, kanye nomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kufanele kuthathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela, njengoba abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga zesisu nezinkinga zezinso.
Imithi yokulwa nomalaleveva : I-Hydroxychloroquine iyisidakamizwa esisetshenziswa kakhulu. Nakuba iyisidakamizwa somalaleveva, iyasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ubuhlungu bamalunga, kanye nokukhathala kwe-lupus. Iphinde inciphise ubukhali besifo.
Ama-Corticosteroids : Imithi efana ne-prednisolone. Le mithi isiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kanye nokusebenza kwesistimu yokuzivikela komzimba ngokushesha. Le mithi isetshenziswa lapho isifo sibi kakhulu futhi lapho umonakalo wezitho zomzimba usongela impilo. Kodwa-ke, ngoba lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi (ukukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela, ukuncipha kwamathambo, kanye nokuthambekela okukhulu ekuthelelekeni) uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside, odokotela bazama ukuyinikeza ngesilinganiso esiphansi kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba : Imithi efana ne-Azathioprine, i-Mycophenolate, i-Cyclophosphamide, kanye ne-Methotrexate. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokusivimba ekuhlaseleni umzimba waso. Le mithi isetshenziswa lapho kunomonakalo omkhulu wezitho zomzimba, ikakhulukazi izinso. Kufanele uhlale ungaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha ngenkathi uthatha le mithi, njengoba ingozi yokuthola izifo iyanda.
I-Biologics : Imithi emisha, njenge-Belimumab ne-Rituximab, isiyatholakala manje. Le mithi ihlose izingxenye ezithile zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi ingaba wusizo olukhulu kwabanye abantu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela wakho njengoba uyalelwe, ngesikhathi esibekiwe, nangesikhathi esibekiwe. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yimuphi umuthi ofanele wena nokuthi udinga ukuwuthatha isikhathi esingakanani. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
Yini enye okudingeka uyazi ngokuphila ne-lupus?
Njengoba i-lupus iyisifo sesikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuphila nayo. Ngaphezu kwemithi, kunezinguquko ezilula ongazenza endleleni yakho yokuphila ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuvimbela ukuqubuka kwamathambo.
Zivikele elangeni.: Abantu abaningi abane-lupus bazwela kakhulu elangeni. Ngakho-ke gwema ukuphuma elangeni phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma uphuma, sebenzisa isithambisi selanga esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu. Gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide, isigqoko, nezibuko zelanga.
Phumula ngokwanele : Ukukhathala kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu se-lupus. Ngakho zama ukulala okungenani amahora angu-8 ngosuku. Kuhle futhi ukuphumula emini. Ungawusebenzisi umzimba wakho ngokweqile.
Yidla ukudla okunempilo : Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo. Faka imifino, izithelo, ubhontshisi, ukudla okucebile nge-fiber, kanye namaprotheni angenamafutha amaningi (inhlanzi, inkukhu) ekudleni kwakho. Nciphisa ukudla okucutshunguliwe, ukudla okunoshukela omningi, kanye nokudla okunamafutha amaningi.
Ukuzivocavoca : Ungahlali nje endaweni eyodwa ngoba ukhathele. Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile njengokuhamba, ukubhukuda, kanye ne-yoga kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqina kwamalunga, kuqinise imisipha, kunciphise ukukhathala, futhi kuthuthukise impilo yengqondo. Kodwa kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okufanele wena.
Ukulawulwa kokucindezeleka : Ukucindezeleka kungenza izimpawu ze-lupus zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngakho zama ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngezinto ezifana nokuzindla, i-yoga, ukuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula okujulile, kanye nokuzibandakanya nento oyithandayo.
Gwema ukubhema : Ukubhema kungenza i-lupus ibe yimbi kakhulu futhi kwandise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke uma ubhema, thola usizo lokuyeka.
Hamba uyohlolwa njalo ngodokotela : Yiya kudokotela wakho ngesikhathi esifanele. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ubone ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle yini, ukuthi kukhona yini imiphumela emibi, nokuthi isifo silawulwa yini.
Qaphela izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngokuqubuka kwesikhumba : Zama ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu onazo ngaphambi kokuqubuka kwesikhumba (isib. ukukhathala okwandayo, ubuhlungu obusha bamalunga, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba). Uma utshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho uqaphela lezi zimpawu, ungaqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi futhi uvimbele lesi sifo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu.
Yazisa ngemfundo noma indawo yakho yokusebenza : Uma ungumfundi, tshela othisha bakho nabasebenzi besikole ngesimo sakho. Ngemuva kwalokho ungathola ukwesekwa okudingayo. Uma usebenza, yazisa indawo yakho yokusebenza uma kudingeka.
Ukuphila ne-lupus kungaba yinselele, kodwa awuwedwa. Thola ukwesekwa eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, kanye nabangani. Yiba nolwazi oluhle ngalesi sifo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi unombono omuhle nge-Lupus kulokho esikuxoxile. Okokugcina, nazi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:
I-Lupus yisifo sesikhathi eside lapho amasosha ethu omzimba ehlasela khona imizimba yethu. Singathinta izitho eziningi zomzimba.
Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu. Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukukhathala okukhulu, kanye nomkhuhlane kuyizimpawu ezivamile.
Iseluleko sezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile. Ungazami ukuzihlolela wena lesi sifo.
Nakuba i-lupus ingelapheki ngokuphelele, manje kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zokulawula izimpawu nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa imithi enikezwe udokotela ngqo futhi wenze izivivinyo ezinikezwe udokotela.
Izinguquko ezilula zendlela yokuphila (ukuvikela ilanga, ukudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukulawula ukucindezeleka) kungasiza kakhulu ekulawuleni lesi sifo.
Awuwedwa. Kukhona odokotela, abahlengikazi, abeluleki kanye nabathandekayo bakho abangakusiza ukuthi ubhekane ne-lupus.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphila ngempumelelo ne-lupus ukuqaphela, ukukhuluma ngayo ngokukhululekile, nokuthola ukwesekwa okudingayo. Uma unenkinga, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela.
I-Lupus, i-SLE, ukuzivikela komzimba, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, iSri Lanka, ukuzivikela komzimba, ubuhlungu bamalunga, izifo zesikhumba

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Ukungezwani komzimba kanye nokungavikeleki komzimbaJulayi 16, 2026
Unemibuzo mayelana ne-lupus? Ake sixoxe ngayo!
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 9 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Ziyini izimpawu ze-Lupus?
2. Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-lupus?
3. I-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
4. I-Lupus Encane
5. I-Lupus Erythematosus ebangelwa yimithi (DILE)
6. Ziyini izimbangela ze-lupus?
7. Itholakala kanjani i-Lupus?
8. Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Lupus?
9. Usizo oluvela kodokotela abangochwepheshe
10. Izinhlobo zemithi esetshenziswayo
11. Yini enye okudingeka uyazi ngokuphila ne-lupus?
12. Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
I-Lupus yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesihlala isikhathi eside. Kalula nje, yisimo lapho amasosha omzimba ethu, asivikela ezifweni, eqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ethu aphilile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-autoimmunity. Lokhu kungalimaza izitho ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa isikhumba, amalunga, izinso, inhliziyo, kanye nobuchopho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, manje sekukhona izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zokusiza ukulawula lezi zimpawu nokunciphisa ukuqubuka kwamangqamuzana.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Lupus?
Izimpawu ze-lupus zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ozoba nezimpawu ezifanayo. Kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
Ubomvu ebusweni noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba . Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungavela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuso ngesimo esifana nesebhabhathane (ubomvu bubhabhathane).
Isikhumba siba nomuzwa omkhulu elangeni . Ngisho noma sitholakala isikhathi esifushane elangeni kungabangela ukubomvu kanye nokuqubuka .
Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu . Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani, ungase uzizwe sengathi lokhu kukhathala ngeke kuphele.
Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu .
Ubuhlungu bamalunga nokuvuvukala . Lobuhlungu bungase bube bubi kakhulu ekuseni.
Isifo sikaRaynaud . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho iminwe nezinzwane ziphenduka zibe mhlophe ngokuzumayo, zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zibe ndikindiki, futhi zibe buhlungu uma zibekwe emakhazeni. Bese ziphenduka zibe bomvu futhi.
Ubuhlungu bemisipha .
Ukwehlisa isisindo .
Izilonda ekhaleni, emlonyeni, noma emphinjeni .
Izindlala ezivuvukele .
Amabala anempandla kanye nokulahlekelwa izinwele .
Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi, okungukuthi, i-anemia .
Ukuthambekela kokuba nezifo ezithathelwanayo njalo .
Ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi oluzungeze inhliziyo, isisu, noma amaphaphu . Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu esifubeni kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Ukuquleka noma ezinye izinkinga zezinzwa.
Izinkinga zezinso : Kungase kube nephrotheni emchameni kanye nokuvuvukala emilenzeni.
Khumbula, ukuthi nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi une-lupus. Kodwa uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu zilandelana, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.
I-Lupus ivame ukubonakala kwabesifazane abasebasha, ikakhulukazi labo abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-15 no-45.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-lupus?
Ngisho noma ibizwa ngokuthi i-lupus, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
I-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-lupus. Igama elithi 'systemic' lisho ukuthi lithinta izinhlelo eziningi emzimbeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-SLE ingathinta izitho eziningi ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa isikhumba, amalunga, izinso, ubuchopho, inhliziyo namaphaphu. Yingakho izimpawu zihlukahlukene kangaka.
I-Lupus Encane
Lolu hlobo luthinta kakhulu isikhumba. Kunezinye izinhlobo zalolu hlobo, isibonelo:
I-Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE) : Lokhu kubangela ukuthi kuvele amabala ayindilinga, anjengemali, abomvu, anamabala esikhumbeni. Lawa avame kakhulu ezindaweni ezivezwe yilanga njengobuso, izindlebe, kanye nesikhumba sekhanda. Uma kuvela ukuqubuka esikhumbeni sekhanda, kungabangela ukulahleka kwezinwele futhi ngezinye izikhathi kube nezibazi.
I-Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (SCLE) : Lokhu kungabangela izilonda ezibomvu, ezi-annular, noma ze-papulosquamous. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi ezindaweni ezivezwe yilanga. Kodwa-ke, mancane amathuba okuba zibangele izibazi kune-DLE.
I-Lupus Erythematosus ebangelwa yimithi (DILE)
Lena indaba ehlukile. Eminye imithi (isibonelo, eminye imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nesifo sokuwa) ingabangela izimpawu ze-lupus njengokusabela kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokuyeka imithi. Futhi mancane kakhulu amathuba okuthi ibangele umonakalo omkhulu, njengokulimala kwezinso.
Ziyini izimbangela ze-lupus?
Kunzima ukukhomba imbangela eyodwa kuphela ye-lupus. Ngokuvamile ibangelwa yinhlanganisela yezici. Ake sibheke izici eziyinhloko ezingaba nomthelela kulokhu:
Ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo : Uma abanye abantu bene-lupus noma ezinye izifo ezizimele emindenini yabo, bangase babe nokuthambekela okuthile kokuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zinethonya elithile kuso. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nezakhi zofuzo zodwa akusibangeli lesi sifo, nezinye izici nazo kumele zidlale indima.
Izinto ezibangela imveloNgezinye izikhathi lesi sifo singabangelwa izinto ezisendaweni yangaphandle.
Ukutheleleka : Kutholakale ukuthi izimpawu ze-lupus zingavela ngemva kwezinto ezithile, njengokutheleleka ngegciwane.
Imithi ethile : Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, i-lupus ingenzeka njengokusabela kwemithi ethile.
Ukukhanya kwelanga (imisebe ye-UV) : Ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet nakho kungabangela ukuba i-lupus iqhume noma ikhule kwabanye abantu.
Ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo : Izimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingavela ngemva kwezehlakalo ezicindezela kakhulu, njengengozi enkulu, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukufa kothandekayo.
Ama-hormone : Ngenxa yokuthi i-lupus ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi i- estrogen yehomoni yabesifazane ingase ibe nomthelela othile kulesi sifo. Isibonelo, izimpawu zingashintsha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngezikhathi ezithile zomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuze umuntu abe ne-lupus, kumele abe nesifo esibangelwa yizakhi zofuzo, futhi kumele kube khona into engokwemvelo noma esinye isizathu esenza lawo ma-gene asebenze. Lokhu kufana nokudonsa isibhamu ukuze sidubule.
Itholakala kanjani i-Lupus?
Ukuqaphela i-lupus ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ngoba izimpawu zayo ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi zingafana nezezinye izifo. Uma udokotela esola ukuthi i-lupus inesifo, uzokwenza okulandelayo:
Bazokubuza imibuzo eminingi mayelana nezimpawu zakho : ziyini izimpawu zakho, zaqala nini, ziba zimbi noma zibe ngcono kanjani, njll. Bangase futhi bakubuze ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nalezi zimo.
Ukuhlolwa komzimba : Kuhlolwa izilonda zesikhumba, amalunga avuvukele, amaphaphu kanye nenhliziyo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi : Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubheka izinto ezifana nalezi:
Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC) : Lokhu kuhlola inani lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet. Abantu abane-lupus bangase babe ne-anemia, amaseli amhlophe egazi aphansi, nama-platelet aphansi.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) : Lolu wuhlolo oluyinhloko olwenziwa uma kusolwa i-lupus. I-ANA uhlobo lwe-antibody olukhiqizwa ngokumelene ne-nucleus yamaseli omzimba wethu. Iningi labantu abane-lupus linokuhlolwa kwe-ANA okuhle. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu one-ANA one-lupus. I-ANA ingaba nethemba nakwezinye izimo zezokwelapha kanye nakubantu abaphilile.
Amanye ama-autoantibodies athile: Uma i-ANA ine-positive, sibheka nama-antibodies aqondene kakhulu ne-lupus, njenge-anti-dsDNA kanye ne-anti-Sm. Uma lawa ene-positive, awusizo olukhulu ekuqinisekiseni i-lupus.
I-ESR (Izinga Lokushaqeka Kwegazi Eliphuma Egazini) kanye ne-CRP (Iphrotheni Esebenzayo Ye-C) : Lokhu kuhlolwa kungahlola ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Lokhu kungakhuphuka ngesikhathi sokwanda kwe-lupus.
Ukuhlolwa komchamo : Ukuhlolwa komchamo kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi izinso zithintekile yini. Kuhlolwa amaprotheni negazi emchameni.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa isampula yezicubu (i-biopsy) : Uma kukhona isilonda sesikhumba, kungathathwa ingxenye encane yaso (i-skin biopsy) bese kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini izinguquko ezihlobene ne-lupus. Futhi, uma kukhona ukusola ukuthi izinso zithintekile, kungathathwa ingxenye encane yenso bese kuhlolwa (i-kidney biopsy).
Ukuxilonga i-lupus kufana nokuxazulula iphazili. Udokotela wakho uzohlanganisa izimpawu zakho, imiphumela yokuhlolwa, kanye nolunye ulwazi ukuze athole ukuxilongwa okunembile. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuqondile ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni okukodwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Lupus?
Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-lupus. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo zokusiza ukulawula izimpawu, ukunciphisa ukuqubuka, nokunciphisa ukulimala kwezitho. Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekutheni yiziphi izitho ezithintekile nokuthi izimpawu zakho zimbi kangakanani . Umuntu one-lupus ngokuvamile udinga usizo lwethimba lodokotela.
Usizo oluvela kodokotela abangochwepheshe
Ngenxa yokuthi i-lupus ingathinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba, ingadinga usizo lochwepheshe abaningi. Isibonelo:
Isazi Sezifo Zamalunga : Udokotela ogxile ezifweni zamalunga, imisipha, kanye nezicubu ezixhumeneyo. Isazi Sezifo Zamalunga sidlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni i-lupus.
Udokotela Wezinso : Udokotela ogxile ezifweni zezinso. Uma izinso zithintekile yi-lupus, usizo lwalo dokotela lubalulekile.
Udokotela Wesikhumba : Welapha izimo zesikhumba ezifana namabala namanxeba.
Udokotela wenhliziyo : Uma kukhona imiphumela enhliziyweni.
Udokotela Wezifo Zamaphaphu : Uma kukhona imiphumela emaphashini.
Udokotela wezinzwa : Uma kukhona umthelela ebuchosheni noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
Isazi Sengqondo noma Udokotela Wezifo Zengqondo : Ukukusiza ukuthi ubhekane nokucindezeleka nokudabuka okuhambisana nokuphila nesifo sesikhathi eside njenge-lupus.
Izinhlobo zemithi esetshenziswayo
Kusetshenziswa imithi ehlukahlukene ukulawula izimpawu ze-lupus nokuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala :
Imithi Engavimbi Ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) : Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-ibuprofen ne-naproxen. Le mithi inikezwa izinto ezifana nobuhlungu bamalunga, ubuhlungu bemisipha, kanye nomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kufanele kuthathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela, njengoba abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga zesisu nezinkinga zezinso.
Imithi yokulwa nomalaleveva : I-Hydroxychloroquine iyisidakamizwa esisetshenziswa kakhulu. Nakuba iyisidakamizwa somalaleveva, iyasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ubuhlungu bamalunga, kanye nokukhathala kwe-lupus. Iphinde inciphise ubukhali besifo.
Ama-Corticosteroids : Imithi efana ne-prednisolone. Le mithi isiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kanye nokusebenza kwesistimu yokuzivikela komzimba ngokushesha. Le mithi isetshenziswa lapho isifo sibi kakhulu futhi lapho umonakalo wezitho zomzimba usongela impilo. Kodwa-ke, ngoba lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi (ukukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela, ukuncipha kwamathambo, kanye nokuthambekela okukhulu ekuthelelekeni) uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside, odokotela bazama ukuyinikeza ngesilinganiso esiphansi kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba : Imithi efana ne-Azathioprine, i-Mycophenolate, i-Cyclophosphamide, kanye ne-Methotrexate. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokusivimba ekuhlaseleni umzimba waso. Le mithi isetshenziswa lapho kunomonakalo omkhulu wezitho zomzimba, ikakhulukazi izinso. Kufanele uhlale ungaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha ngenkathi uthatha le mithi, njengoba ingozi yokuthola izifo iyanda.
I-Biologics : Imithi emisha, njenge-Belimumab ne-Rituximab, isiyatholakala manje. Le mithi ihlose izingxenye ezithile zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi ingaba wusizo olukhulu kwabanye abantu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela wakho njengoba uyalelwe, ngesikhathi esibekiwe, nangesikhathi esibekiwe. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yimuphi umuthi ofanele wena nokuthi udinga ukuwuthatha isikhathi esingakanani. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
Yini enye okudingeka uyazi ngokuphila ne-lupus?
Njengoba i-lupus iyisifo sesikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuphila nayo. Ngaphezu kwemithi, kunezinguquko ezilula ongazenza endleleni yakho yokuphila ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuvimbela ukuqubuka kwamathambo.
Zivikele elangeni.: Abantu abaningi abane-lupus bazwela kakhulu elangeni. Ngakho-ke gwema ukuphuma elangeni phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma uphuma, sebenzisa isithambisi selanga esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu. Gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide, isigqoko, nezibuko zelanga.
Phumula ngokwanele : Ukukhathala kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu se-lupus. Ngakho zama ukulala okungenani amahora angu-8 ngosuku. Kuhle futhi ukuphumula emini. Ungawusebenzisi umzimba wakho ngokweqile.
Yidla ukudla okunempilo : Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo. Faka imifino, izithelo, ubhontshisi, ukudla okucebile nge-fiber, kanye namaprotheni angenamafutha amaningi (inhlanzi, inkukhu) ekudleni kwakho. Nciphisa ukudla okucutshunguliwe, ukudla okunoshukela omningi, kanye nokudla okunamafutha amaningi.
Ukuzivocavoca : Ungahlali nje endaweni eyodwa ngoba ukhathele. Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile njengokuhamba, ukubhukuda, kanye ne-yoga kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqina kwamalunga, kuqinise imisipha, kunciphise ukukhathala, futhi kuthuthukise impilo yengqondo. Kodwa kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okufanele wena.
Ukulawulwa kokucindezeleka : Ukucindezeleka kungenza izimpawu ze-lupus zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngakho zama ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngezinto ezifana nokuzindla, i-yoga, ukuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula okujulile, kanye nokuzibandakanya nento oyithandayo.
Gwema ukubhema : Ukubhema kungenza i-lupus ibe yimbi kakhulu futhi kwandise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke uma ubhema, thola usizo lokuyeka.
Hamba uyohlolwa njalo ngodokotela : Yiya kudokotela wakho ngesikhathi esifanele. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ubone ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle yini, ukuthi kukhona yini imiphumela emibi, nokuthi isifo silawulwa yini.
Qaphela izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngokuqubuka kwesikhumba : Zama ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu onazo ngaphambi kokuqubuka kwesikhumba (isib. ukukhathala okwandayo, ubuhlungu obusha bamalunga, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba). Uma utshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho uqaphela lezi zimpawu, ungaqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi futhi uvimbele lesi sifo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu.
Yazisa ngemfundo noma indawo yakho yokusebenza : Uma ungumfundi, tshela othisha bakho nabasebenzi besikole ngesimo sakho. Ngemuva kwalokho ungathola ukwesekwa okudingayo. Uma usebenza, yazisa indawo yakho yokusebenza uma kudingeka.
Ukuphila ne-lupus kungaba yinselele, kodwa awuwedwa. Thola ukwesekwa eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, kanye nabangani. Yiba nolwazi oluhle ngalesi sifo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi unombono omuhle nge-Lupus kulokho esikuxoxile. Okokugcina, nazi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:
I-Lupus yisifo sesikhathi eside lapho amasosha ethu omzimba ehlasela khona imizimba yethu. Singathinta izitho eziningi zomzimba.
Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu. Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukukhathala okukhulu, kanye nomkhuhlane kuyizimpawu ezivamile.
Iseluleko sezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile. Ungazami ukuzihlolela wena lesi sifo.
Nakuba i-lupus ingelapheki ngokuphelele, manje kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zokulawula izimpawu nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa imithi enikezwe udokotela ngqo futhi wenze izivivinyo ezinikezwe udokotela.
Izinguquko ezilula zendlela yokuphila (ukuvikela ilanga, ukudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukulawula ukucindezeleka) kungasiza kakhulu ekulawuleni lesi sifo.
Awuwedwa. Kukhona odokotela, abahlengikazi, abeluleki kanye nabathandekayo bakho abangakusiza ukuthi ubhekane ne-lupus.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphila ngempumelelo ne-lupus ukuqaphela, ukukhuluma ngayo ngokukhululekile, nokuthola ukwesekwa okudingayo. Uma unenkinga, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela.
I-Lupus, i-SLE, ukuzivikela komzimba, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, iSri Lanka, ukuzivikela komzimba, ubuhlungu bamalunga, izifo zesikhumba
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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