Abantu abaningi bayesaba kancane uma bezwa igama elithi "cholesterol," akunjalo? Baningi kithi abakhathazekayo, "O, i-cholesterol yami iphezulu." Kodwa iyini ngempela i-cholesterol? Ingabe imbi ngempela emizimbeni yethu? Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, i-cholesterol uhlobo lwamafutha olubalulekile emangqamuzaneni emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yini, uma iphezulu kakhulu, ingabangela izinkinga.
Kalula nje, kunezinhlobo ze-cholesterol 'ezinhle' nezimbi. Lapho amazinga e-cholesterol embi, noma i-LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) , ekhuphuka, aqala ukunamathela odongeni lwemithambo yegazi yethu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kubangela ukuthi amafutha akheke ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi futhi ayinciphise. Ngokwezokwelapha lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Atherosclerosis . Lapho imithambo yegazi enikeza igazi enhliziyweni incipha kanje, ingozi yokuthi igazi livimbe ngokuzumayo futhi libangele ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo iphezulu kakhulu.
Enye into okufanele uyicabangele kanye ne-cholesterol yi -triglycerides . Lokhu futhi uhlobo lwamafutha emizimbeni yethu. Amazinga aphezulu alokhu andisa nengozi yokuba nesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu uma i-cholesterol yakho enhle, noma i-HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) , iphansi. Futhi, amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride andisa ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela.
Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol (Lipid Panel)?
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula ukuthola nge-cholesterol namanye amafutha (ama-lipid) emzimbeni wakho kubizwa ngokuthi i -Lipid Panel noma i-Lipid Profile .
Odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-9-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukudla okudlayo kungashintsha imiphumela. Kodwa-ke, ukuzila ukudla akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma ungaphansi kweminyaka engu-25 ubudala, noma uma udokotela wakho engafuni ukuhlolwa kwe-lipid egcwele, ukuzila ukudla kungase kungadingeki. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole isiqiniseko.
Umbiko ojwayelekile we-Lipid Panel uqukethe ulwazi mayelana nezinto ezine eziyinhloko:
- I-Cholesterol Ephelele
- I-LDL (I-Low-Density Lipoprotein) - Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi."
- I-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein) - Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle."
- Ama-Triglycerides - Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwamafutha emzimbeni wethu.
Uziqonda kanjani izindinganiso ezisembikweni wakho?
Kulungile, manje usubhale isivivinyo futhi unombiko esandleni. Manje zisho ukuthini lezi zinombolo? Ake sibone.
| Uhlobo lokuhlola | Izinga elilindelekile elijwayelekile (ku-mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol Ephelele | 200 noma ngaphansi - Kuhle (Okuvamile) Phakathi kuka-201 - 240 - Umngcele Uma kungaphezu kuka-240 - Okuphezulu |
| I-HDL ("i-cholesterol enhle") (Uma lokhu kuningi, kungcono) | Uma uneminyaka engu-60 noma ngaphezulu - kuhle kakhulu (kuvikela ezifweni zenhliziyo) Uma phakathi kuka-40 - 59 - Okujwayelekile (Kulungile) Ngaphansi kuka-40 - Okuphansi (ingozi ephezulu yesifo senhliziyo) |
| I-LDL ("i-cholesterol embi") (Uma lokhu kuphansi, kungcono) | Uma kungaphansi kuka-100 - Kuhle kakhulu (Kuhle kakhulu) Uma phakathi kuka-100 - 129 - Kuhle Uma phakathi kuka-130 - 159 - Ukuphakama komngcele Uma phakathi kuka-160 - 189 - Okuphezulu 190 noma ngaphezulu - Kuphezulu kakhulu |
| Ama-triglycerides (Uma kuphansi kungcono nalokhu) | Ngaphansi kuka-150 - Izinga elingcono kakhulu Uma uphakathi kuka-151 no-200 - usengozini yesifo senhliziyo Ngaphezulu kwama-200 - Ingozi ephezulu yesifo senhliziyo |
Okubalulekile: Lezi zindinganiso ziyisiqondiso nje esijwayelekile. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yimaphi amazinga anempilo akulungele ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana neminyaka yakho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha (njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme), kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni.
Yini esingayenza ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol?
Ungakhathazeki uma imiphumela yakho iphezulu kancane. Lesi simo singalawulwa kangcono ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila kanye nokuphuza imithi njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho, uma kudingeka.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukudla okuhle: Ukudla okwehlisa i-cholesterol kunganciphisa i-cholesterol embi (i-LDL) cishe ngo-30%.
- Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi agcwele (njengenyama enamafutha, uwoyela kakhukhunathi, uwoyela wesundu, ibhotela, ushizi).
- Gwema amafutha e-trans ngokuphelele. Hlola amalebula ezinto ezibhakiwe, i-margarine, kanye nokudla okupakishwe emaphaketheni ukuze uthole ukuthi "amafutha angena-hydrogenated kancane." Uma kunjalo, aqukethe amafutha e-trans.
- Ngisho noma ilebula ithi "i-cholesterol ephansi" noma "ayikho i-cholesterol," lokho kudla kungase kube noshukela omningi noma amafutha agcwele. Ngakho-ke funda njalo amalebula okudla ngokucophelela.
- Faka ukudla okucebile nge-fiber (irayisi elinsundu, i-oats, imifino, izithelo) kanye nokudla okuqukethe ama-sterols ezitshalo (izinhlobo ezithile ze-margarine) ekudleni kwakho.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili okungenani imizuzu engama-30 nsuku zonke kunciphisa i-cholesterol embi (i-LDL) futhi kwandisa i-cholesterol enhle (i-HDL).
- Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ukubhema kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni amazinga e-cholesterol kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Uma kudingeka, imithi enqunywe udokotela
Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zingalawuli amazinga akho, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi.
- Ama-statin: Lawa yimithi esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ephumelela kakhulu yokwehlisa i-cholesterol. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Atorvastatin (Lipitor), i-Rosuvastatin (Crestor), kanye ne-Simvastatin (Zocor).
- Eminye imithi: Eminye imithi efana ne-Fibrates, i-Ezetimibe (Zetia), kanye ne-PCSK9 inhibitors nayo inganqunywa udokotela kuye ngesimo sesiguli.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi uqale, uyeke, noma ushintshe umthamo wanoma yimuphi wale mithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi onikezwe umngane noma isihlobo.
Akuyona nje i-cholesterol, lezi zinto nazo zibalulekile!
Amanani embikweni wakho we-cholesterol kuphela awanqumi impilo yakho yesikhathi esizayo. Khumbula, kunezinye izinto eziningi ezithinta ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo, njengesifo sikashukela, ukubhema, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala, ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga, kanye nethonya lezakhi zofuzo .
Abantu abanamazinga ajwayelekile e-cholesterol nabo bangaba nesifo senhliziyo. Futhi abantu abanamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol bangaba nezinhliziyo ezinempilo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, abantu abanamazinga angavamile e-cholesterol banamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo senhliziyo.
Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi abantu abadala abangekho engozini bahlolwe i-cholesterol yabo okungenani njalo eminyakeni emi-5 . Kodwa-ke, uma amazinga akho e-cholesterol ephezulu noma unezinye izici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele uphinde uhlolwe kangaki.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-cholesterol ayiyona into embi ngaso sonke isikhathi, ibalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ibhalansi phakathi kwe-cholesterol enhle (HDL) nembi (LDL).
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okubizwa ngokuthi i-Lipid Panel kunganquma amazinga akho e-cholesterol kanye ne-triglyceride.
- Isinyathelo sokuqala nesingcono kakhulu sokulawula i-cholesterol ukulandela ukudla okunempilo kanye nesimiso sokuzivocavoca.
- Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zinganele, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi. Landela njalo imiyalelo kadokotela wakho futhi ungalokothi uthathe imithi wedwa.
- Ungahlala uphilile ngokuhlola amazinga akho e-cholesterol njalo ngezikhathi ezithile njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
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