Ingabe ingane yakho idinga ukuqaphela ngalezi zifo ze-TORCH? Ake sixoxe!

Uma ungumama ozayo noma ulindele ilungu elisha ukuthi lijoyine umndeni wakho, kumelwe ukuthi ucabanga kakhulu ngempilo yengane yakho esesiswini, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho noma singaqapheli, ukutheleleka okuthile kungathinta izingane zethu. Lona olunye lwezinhlobo zokutheleleka esizokhuluma ngazo namuhla.

Kuyini ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH?

Kalula nje, ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH kuyiqembu lezifo ezithathelwanayo ezingathinta umbungu noma usana olusanda kuzalwa. Uma unegciwane le-TORCH, lingadluliselwa enganeni yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, noma ngemva kokuzalwa.

Khumbula, izingane ezisanda kuzalwa azinawo amandla okuzivikela ezifweni afanayo nabantu abadala. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kutheleleka kwe-TORCH kungabangela izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi kuvimbele izitho zomntwana ekukhuleni kahle. Izinga umntwana athinteka ngalo lincike ohlotsheni lokutheleleka kanye nesigaba sokukhula komntwana lapho ethelelekile. Ngokuvamile, ezinye izifo ziyingozi kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kusho ukuthini i-TORCH? Yiziphi izifo ezihlanganisayo?

I-TOCH empeleni isifinyezo. Ibhekisela kuleli qembu lezifo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• T - Lokho kusho i- Toxoplasmosis .
• O - Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezinye izifo . Lokho kusho izifo ezifana ne-HIV, i-Syphilis, i-Parvovirus B19, eyaziwa nangokuthi isifo sesihlanu, i-Varicella (i-Chickenpox), kanye ne-Zika virus.
• R - Leyo yiRubella . Ibizwa nangokuthi yi-German measles.
• C - Lokhu yi -Cytomegalovirus (CMV) .
• H - Ekugcineni, i-Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) .

Usuyaqonda manje ukuthi yiziphi izifo ezimele izinhlamvu eziku-TORCH?

Umntwana uthola kanjani ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH?

Izingane zingangenwa yilesi sifo ngezindlela ezintathu:

1. Nge-Placenta: Ezinye izifo zidlula egazini lakho ziye egazini lomntwana wakho nge-placenta. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. I-placenta yilapho umntwana ethola khona umoya-mpilo, izakhamzimba kanye negazi.

2. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha: Ngesikhathi sokubeletha okuvamile, okungukuthi, ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ezinye izifo ze-TORCH zingadluliselwa enganeni.

3. Ngemva kokuzalwa: Uma uncelisa ingane yakho, ezinye izifo zingadluliselwa enganeni yakho ngobisi lwebele.

Zivame kangakanani izifo ze-TORCH? Ingabe zingadala ukuphuphuma kwesisu?

Ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH kubalwa phakathi kuka-2% no-3% wezimo ezingavamile zokuzalwa (izimo ezikhona lapho kuzalwa).

Yebo, ngokudabukisayo, ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH kungabangela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuvinjelwa kokukhula kwangaphakathi kwesibeletho, noma ukuphuphuma kwesisu.Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kwamasonto angama-20, umntwana angashona (ukuzalwa eseshonile). Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka yi-TORCH?

Nakuba izimpawu eziqondile ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka, ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH kunezici eziningana ezivamile:

• Umkhuhlane, ukudinwa, ingane engafuni ukuphuza ubisi.
• I-Jaundice .
• Isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa.
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzwa.
• Umsele enhliziyweni ongavaleki kahle (i-Patent Ductus Arteriosus - PDA) .
• Amabala amancane abomvu noma ansundu esikhumbeni (abizwa nangokuthi i-purpura ).
• Amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/onsomi abizwa ngokuthi "i-blueberry rash".
• Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi kanye ne-spleen (i-Hepatosplenomegaly) .
• Ama-cataract .
• Ikhanda lincane kunejwayelekile (i-Microcephaly) .

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-2, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zivele:

• Ukulahlekelwa umbono.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
• Ukuba nesifo sokuwa, njengesithuthwane.
• Ubunzima bokufunda.

Yini ebangela ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH?

Indlela ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH okuthuthuka ngayo iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifo. Ake sibheke ukuthi kanjani.

I-Toxoplasmosis

Lesi yisifo esibangelwa yi-parasite. Singatholakala ngokudla inyama engaphekiwe kahle noma ngokuchayeka endle yekati. Uma unekati ekhaya, kufanele uqaphele lapho ususa indle yalo. Uma ukhulelwe, kungcono ukuphathisa omunye umuntu lo msebenzi.

Ezinye izifo

Elinye iqembu lokutheleleka eliqala ngohlamvu "O" ku-TORCH lihlanganisa:

• I-HIV: Leli igciwane elisakazeka ngokuxhumana ngokocansi noma ngokuxhumana negazi elinegciwane le-HIV (isibonelo, ukwabelana ngezinaliti). Lingadluliselwa enganeni ezinyangeni ezintathu zokugcina zokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, noma ngemva kokubeletha uma umama engayithathi kahle imithi yakhe.
• I-Syphilis: Lesi yisifo esidluliselwa ngocansi esibangelwa amagciwane. Sisakazeka ngokuxhumana ngqo nezilonda ze-syphilis (ngesikhathi socansi). Kulezi zinsuku, inani lezingane ezizalwa zine-syphilis liye landa. Zitheleleka ngokubeletha.
• Isifo sesihlanu: Lesi yisifo esincane nesincane esibangelwa yi -parvovirus B19 . Sisakazeka ngamaconsi amathe kanye ne-mucus lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula.
• I-Chickenpox (Varicella): Lesi yisifo esithelelanayo kakhulu esibangelwa yi -Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) . Ngokuvamile, i-chickenpox itholakala kanye empilweni (ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sobuntwana) noma ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox, kutholakala amasosha omzimba impilo yonke.
• Igciwane leZika:Leli yigciwane elisakazwa umiyane onegciwane. Livela ezindaweni lapho leli gciwane livame khona. Lingasakazwa nangokuxhumana ngokocansi nomuntu onegciwane.

I-Rubella (isimungumungwane saseJalimane)

Lesi sifo asisavamile kakhulu manje ngoba abantu abaningi bagonyelwe i-rubella. Kodwa-ke, uma ungazange uthole umuthi wokugomela i-MMR (isimungumungwane, umbungu, kanye ne-rubella) useyingane futhi uhlela ukuba nomntwana esikhathini esizayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuwuthola.

I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

I-CMV uhlobo lwegciwane le-herpes. Isakazeka ngamathe kanye nolunye uketshezi lomzimba. Abantu abadala abaningi bane-CMV kodwa abazi ngoba amasosha abo omzimba ayayilwa nayo. Kodwa-ke, izinsana ezingakazalwa kanye nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa azinawo amasosha omzimba anele okulwa ne-CMV. Uma uthola i-CMV, ihlala emzimbeni wakho impilo yonke, kodwa amasosha akho omzimba ayigcina ilawulwa.

Igciwane le-Herpes Simplex (HSV)

I-Herpes nayo iyisifo esithathelwana ngocansi esisakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-HSV: i-HSV-1 (emlonyeni nasezithweni zangasese) kanye ne-HSV-2 (ngokuvamile ezithweni zangasese). Ivame ukusabalala ngokuxhumana ngokocansi nomuntu onegciwane noma ngokuxhumana ngqo. Indlela evame kakhulu ingane esanda kuzalwa engathola ngayo i-HSV ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Ngakho-ke uma une-HSV, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ingabe ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH kuyathelelana?

Yebo, ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH kuyathelelana futhi kusakazeka kalula.

Ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH kutholakala kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH kutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwe -PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) , kanye nokukhula kwamagciwane. Ukukhula kwamagciwane ukuhlolwa okuthatha isampula yoketshezi, amaseli, noma izicubu emzimbeni wakho bese kukuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini okuthelelanayo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngamathe, ukuphuma kwamakhala, igazi, umchamo, uketshezi lwe-amniotic, noma uketshezi oluvela ezilonda zesikhumba noma emanxebeni. Ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR kubheka izakhi zofuzo zegciwane kusampula yoketshezi.

Ezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa, izinkinga zokukhula, kanye nezinkinga zokukhula kwezitho ezibalulekile kungatholakala ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Indlela yokuxilonga ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa?

Uma usuthole ukuthi unegciwane le-TORCH, odokotela bazothatha izinyathelo zokuhlola ukuthi ingane yakho nayo inalo yini. Akuzona zonke izifo ze-TORCH ezidluliselwa enganeni yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Futhi, ukuthi unegciwane akusho ukuthi ingane yakho izolithola.

Nansi indlela odokotela abaxilonga ngayo ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa:

• Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba okwenzeka ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
• Izimpawu zomntwana zibonwe.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound noma ezinye izikena ezenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ukuhlolwa okufanayo okusetshenziswa kubantu abadala kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukutheleleka kwe-TORCH ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Isampula encane yegazi esithendeni noma emnweni wengane yakho, noma isampula yoketshezi, ingathathwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukutheleleka ngegciwane.

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, njenge -CT scan noma i-MRI, kungasiza ekuboneni izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi yokutheleleka kwe-TORCH.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izifo ze-TORCH?

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kwe-TORCH kuncike ohlotsheni lokutheleleka, ukuthi ukutheleleka kwenzeke nini, kanye nobukhali bezimpawu. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ama-antibiotic, ama-antiparasitic, noma imithi yokulwa namagciwane . Ezinye izifo ze-TORCH zibangelwa amagciwane, futhi akukho ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuphumula nokuhlala unamanzi.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo se-TORCH, udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukukhulelwa kwakho futhi axoxe ngakho nochwepheshe bezokwelapha komama nomntwana. Kuye ngobukhulu besimo, ingane yakho ingadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha noma ukwelashwa eYunithi Yokunakekelwa Okujulile Kwezingane Ezisanda Kuzalwa (i-NICU) ngemva kokuzalwa.

Uma uthola olunye lwezifo ze-TORCH ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi uncelisa noma uhlela ukuncelisa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.

Ungazivikela kanjani ekuthelelekeni yi-TORCH ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ungakhohlwa ukutshela udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa nokugoma owakuthola useyingane. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze uzivikele ekuthelelekeni yi-TORCH:

• Nciphisa ukuxhumana nabantu abagulayo.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Gwema ukudla nokuphuza endebeni noma esitsheni esifanayo nabanye abantu.
• Gwema ukuya ezingxenyeni zomhlaba lapho izifo ezithile ezithathelwanayo zivame khona.
• Pheka inyama, inhlanzi namaqanda kahle.
• Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa , nika omunye umuntu umsebenzi wokususa indle yekati.
• Sebenzisa amakhondomu uma uya ocansini.
• Hlola izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI) ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
• Thatha imithi yokulwa namagciwane njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele.

Iyini imiphumela yesikhathi eside yokutheleleka yi-TORCH?

Izingane ezizalwa zinezifo ze-TORCH zingaba nemiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane isheshe yelashwe izifo ze-TORCH, umphumela uba ngcono. Ezinye zezinkinga zesikhathi eside zifaka:

• Ubunzima bokufunda.
• Izinkinga zokubona noma zokuzwa.
• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula.

Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-TORCH kungelashwa ngemithi. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho uma unezimpawu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuxilonga nokwelapha izifo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka kuzokunikeza wena nomntwana wakho umphumela omuhle kakhulu.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ukhulelwe futhi ucabanga ukuthi ungaba nokutheleleka kwe-TORCH, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Nakuba izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesifo, qaphela lezi zinto:

• Imfiva.
• Ukulimala komzimba okungachazeki noma izilonda zesikhumba.
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele endaweni yomphimbo noma ye-groin.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu bemisipha.
• Izinto ezifana nama-blister emlonyeni noma eduze kwezitho zangasese.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu

Ukutheleleka nge-TORCH kuyiqembu lezifo ezithathelwanayo ezingathinta umbungu noma usana olusanda kuzalwa. Zingadluliselwa enganeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, noma ngemva nje kokuzalwa ngobisi lwebele. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema ukutheleleka nge-TORCH ukuzijwayeza ukuhlanzeka okuhle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokusebenzisa amakhondomu ngesikhathi socansi.

Nakuba ukutheleleka nge-TORCH kungavamile kakhulu, kungaba nemiphumela emibi ngoba izingane azinawo amasosha omzimba aqinile. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho ophelele wezokwelapha kanye nokugonywa, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa okutholile kwezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka onakho. Ezimweni eziningi, izingane ezine-TORCH ziyalulama ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, kodwa qaphela.

Ukukhulelwa , Ukutheleleka, Impilo Yezinsana, I-TORCH, I-Rubella, I-Cytomegalovirus, I-Herpes