Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ungaqiniseki lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela noma othile emndenini wakho ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa kwe-tracheostomy. Kuyamangaza kancane ukuzwa ukuthi uzokwenza imbobo entanyeni yakho bese ufaka ipayipi kuyo ukuze uphefumule, akunjalo? Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lena inqubo yezokwelapha ebaluleke kakhulu engasindisa izimpilo futhi ivimbele ubunzima bokuphefumula. Sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-tracheostomy?
I-tracheostomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa edala imbobo ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, ngqo ku-windpipe yakho (i-trachea). I-tracheostomy tube ifakwa ngembobo e-windpipe yakho. Lokhu kuvumela umoya ukuthi ugeleze ngqo emaphashini akho uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngomlomo wakho namakhala.
Odokotela bavame ukubiza le nqubo kanye naleyo ndawo ngokuthi 'i-tracheostomy.' Ngakho ungadideki ngalokho.
Kungani kudingeka ukuba nohlobo olunjalo lokuhlinzwa?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani umuntu angadinga i-tracheostomy. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyisisombululo sesikhashana, kanti ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yisisombululo esihlala njalo. Ake sibheke izizathu eziyinhloko.
| Isizathu sesidingo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuvinjelwa komoya | Indlela yokungena komoya ngomlomo noma ekhaleni iyancishiswa noma ivalwe ngokuphelele ngesizathu esithile (ngenxa yesimila, ukuvuvukala, noma ingozi). Ukufuthwa kwenziwa uma kungenzeki ukwenza lokhu. |
| Ukunikeza ukuphefumula okwenziwe isikhathi eside | Uma isiguli sidinga ukuxhunywa kumshini wokuphefumula isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha, njengokukhubazeka, noma ingozi enkulu, kulula kakhulu ngesiguli ukuba sihlinzwe i-tracheostomy. |
| Ubunzima bokususa amafinyila | Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zenza kube nzima ukususa kahle amafinyila kanye noketshezi oluqongelela emaphashini lapho ukhwehlela. Ukumunca amafinyila ngaleli payipi kulula kakhulu. |
| Ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu | Isetshenziselwa ukusiza ukuphefumula ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu ebhokisini lezwi noma emphinjeni kuze kube yilapho indawo iphola. |
Ulungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Uma lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okuhleliwe, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo yokuthi ungakulungiselela kanjani. Njengoba kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ungase ucelwe ukuthi ugweme ukudla noma ukuphuza amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa futhi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile.
Njengoba uzobe usesibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka ulungiselele izinto ezithile ezidingekayo.
- Izingubo nezinto zomuntu siqu: Izingubo zokulala ezikhululekile, ibhulashi lamazinyo, kanye nensipho.
- Imithi oyithathayo: Uma usuvele uthatha imithi yesinye isimo sezokwelapha, qiniseka ukuthi uyayiletha leyo mithi nawe.
- Okuthile ongazijabulisa ngakho: Kungumqondo omuhle ukuletha okuthile okuzokugcina ujabulile, njengencwadi noma iphephandaba, ngesikhathi usesibhedlela.
- Amathuluzi okuxhumana: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ungase ungakwazi ukukhuluma ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, gcina ipeni nephepha, noma i-smartphone noma ithebhulethi yakho eduze ukuze uxhumane nodokotela, abahlengikazi, kanye nabathandekayo bakho.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-tracheostomy kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwendabuko (i-Open Tracheotomy)
Lokhu kwenziwa ekamelweni lokuhlinza. Okokuqala, uzolaliswa (i-anesthesia ejwayelekile). Ngemuva kwalokho udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza i-incision encane entanyeni yakho, ngaphansi nje kwe-apula lika-Adam. I-incision izokwenziwa odongeni lomphimbo wakho, idale imbobo enkulu ngokwanele yokufaka i-tracheostomy tube. Uma i-tube isifakiwe, izoboshwa ngekhola ezungeze intamo yakho ukuze inganyakazi. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungafakwa izithungo zesikhashana ezimbalwa. Uma ungakwazi ukuphefumula wedwa, le tube izoxhunywa ngqo kumshini wokuphefumula.
I-Percutaneous Tracheostomy
Lena inqubo entsha kakhulu. Ivame ukwenziwa esibhedlela esiseduze nombhede wakho. Akukho ukusikwa okukhulu. Esikhundleni salokho, udokotela usebenzisa inalithi ukwenza imbobo entanyeni yakho nasepayipini lakho lomoya. Ngemuva kwalokho, kudluliswa ucingo emgodini, bese kufakwa ipayipi lepulasitiki (i-catheter) kuwo, okwandisa kancane kancane imbobo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ipayipi le-tracheostomy.
Le ndlela ivame ukuba mnandi kakhulu esigulini, njengoba kungekho ukusikwa okukhulu futhi isikhathi sokuphulukiswa singancishiswa.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu?
Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi kungasiza ekusindiseni izimpilo lapho ezinye izindlela zokuphefumula zingenakwenzeka. Kulula kakhulu esigulini kunokufaka i-intubation. Futhi kuwusizo olukhulu ezigulini eziqala ukuphefumula zodwa ngemva kokususwa emshinini wokuphefumula.
Kodwa njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile. Kodwa khumbula, odokotela benza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.
- Ukopha kanye nokutheleleka.
- Ukulimala komphimbo noma umphimbo.
- Ukuncipha komgudu womoya ngenxa yezibazi noma ukuvuvukala.
- Ukulimala kwemizwa elawula izintambo zezwi (imizwa ye-laryngeal ephindaphindayo).
- Ukuvaleka kwepayipi le-tracheostomy ngenxa yoketshezi noma amahlule egazi.
- Umoya uvaleleke ngaphansi kwesikhumba eduze kwepayipi noma emaphashini.
- Umgodi ongavamile (i-fistula) phakathi komphimbo womoya kanye nomphimbo (lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ukudla nokuphuza kudlulele emaphashini).
Eziningi zalezi zingozi zingagwenywa ngokugcina ipayipi lihlanzekile nangokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela.
Uzivumelanisa kanjani nokuphila ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokunakekela kahle. Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili ukuthi inxeba liphole ngokuphelele. Kujwayelekile ukuzwa ubuhlungu entanyeni phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Kuthatha usuku noma ezimbili ukujwayela ukuphefumula ngepayipi.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-tracheostomy
Ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele ekhaya usuka esibhedlela, abasebenzi abahlengikazi bazokunikeza wena nomnakekeli wakho imiyalelo eningiliziwe yokuthi ungalihlanza kanjani ithubhu ekhaya (ngokuvamile okungenani kabili ngosuku) bese ulimunca. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ulandele le miyalelo ngqo.
Ukukhuluma
Ngemva kwesikhashana, uzokwazi ukukhuluma, kodwa kudinga ukuzijwayeza. Lokhu kuvame ukuhilela ukumboza imbobo yepayipi ngomunwe wakho nokukhuluma ngenkathi ukhipha umoya emlonyeni wakho. Isazi sezifo zolimi lokukhuluma (SLP) sizokukhombisa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu. Kukhona futhi ama-valve okukhuluma akhethekile akusiza ukuthi ukhulume ngaphandle kokumboza umunwe wakho.Yiba nesineke, futhi uzokwazi ukukhuluma kangcono njengoba usujwayela.
Ukudla
Ekuqaleni, kungaba nzima ukugwinya ukudla nokuphuza. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uzonikezwa ukudla okunomsoco nge-IV noma ngepayipi lokuncelisa. Uchwepheshe wezokukhuluma uzokufundisa izivivinyo zokuthuthukisa amakhono akho okugwinya, futhi kancane kancane uzokwazi ukudla ngendlela evamile.
Uma udinga ukushayela udokotela ucingo ngokushesha
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo , shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
| Izimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo | |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Uma uzizwa sengathi unenkinga yokuphefumula. |
| Ushintsho ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo likhuphuka ngendlela engavamile noma liba elingajwayelekile. |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu | Uma ubuhlungu obukhulu obungapheli ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi. |
| Izimpawu zokutheleleka | Umkhuhlane, ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukufudumala, noma ubomvu endaweni yokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukuvaleka noma ukukhululeka kwamapayipi | I-mucus ebhodleleni ingavaleka, ivuvuke, noma ibhodle lingakhululeka noma likhululeke. |
Nakuba ukuzwa ukuthi udinga i-tracheostomy kungase kwesabise, ngokuvamile kuyindlela esindisa impilo futhi ephephile. Ngosizo lwethimba lakho lezokwelapha, ungajwayela lesi simo esisha, wenze izinto ozithandayo, futhi uphile impilo ejabulisayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Tracheostomy iyindlela ephephile yokwenza ukuphefumula kube lula. Ungesabi.
- Kuye ngesimo sakho, kungaba yisisombululo sesikhashana noma esihlala njalo.
- Ukunakekelwa okufanele nokuhlanzekile kwe-tracheostomy tube kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga.
- Ngosizo lukadokotela wakho, abasebenzi abahlengikazi, kanye nochwepheshe wezokukhuluma, uzokwazi ukukhuluma, ukudla, nokuphila impilo evamile futhi.
- Uma kuvela izinkinga noma ukungabaza, ungalokothi unqikaze ukubonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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