Ingabe amehlo akho abomvu futhi anamanzi? Ake sifunde ngalesi sifo esiyingozi, i-Trachoma.

Ingabe amehlo akho ahlala ebomvu futhi eluma? Ingabe kukhona ukuphuma kwamanzi emehlweni akho? Mhlawumbe amehlo akho avuvukele futhi kunzima ukubona? Lezi akuzona izimpawu ezinhle. Lezi kungaba izimpawu zokuqala zesifo samehlo esibizwa ngokuthi i-trachoma, esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Ungakhathazeki, ake sicacise ngalokhu. Ngoba, njenganoma yisiphi isifo, lapho sisheshe sibonakale, kulula kakhulu ukwelapha.

Iyini i-trachoma? Kungani iyingozi?

Kalula nje, i-trachoma iwukutheleleka kwamagciwane emehlweni ethu. Ibangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Chlamydia trachomatis. Uma ingelashwa, ingaholela kancane kancane ekulahlekelweni umbono futhi ekugcineni ibe yimpumputhe engapheli . Cabanga ukuthi lokho kubuhlungu kangakanani.

Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya ezimpofu emhlabeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingozi yokusabalala kwalesi sifo iphakeme ezindaweni lapho ukuhlanzeka kukubi khona, amanzi ahlanzekile kanye nokuhlanzeka kulinganiselwe, futhi abantu bahlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi kakhulu . Cabanga nje, uma abantu abaningi behlala endlini encane efanayo, futhi uma kukhona ukuhlanzeka okungalungile, maningi kangakanani amathuba okuthi isifo esinjengalesi singadluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu siye komunye.

Ngokusho kwe-World Health Organisation, ngo-2020 kuphela, abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-32.8 banikezwa ama-antibiotic e-trachoma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abangaphezu kuka-42,000 kwadingeka bahlinzwe ngenxa yalesi sifo. Abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-1.9 bayizimpumputhe noma banenkinga yokubona ngenxa ye-trachoma . Lesi yisimo esidabukisayo ngempela, akunjalo? Lesi sifo sibi kakhulu ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Kodwa i-trachoma itholakala nakwamanye amazwe afana ne-Asia, i-Australia, i-Middle East, i-Central kanye ne-South America.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-trachoma?

Kunezimpawu zokuqala ze-trachoma. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Amehlo abomvu futhi azwakala sengathi ayasha nje.
• Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo.
• Ukungakwazi ukubona kahle, kubonakala sengathi akucaci.
• Uketshezi olunamanzi (i-snot) luphuma emehlweni.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, impumulo egobhozayo nayo ingenzeka.

Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, abanye abantu bangase bacabange, "O, lokhu kumane kuyisifo samehlo." Kodwa lokhu akuyona into okufanele inganakwa kalula kanjalo. Ngoba, inkinga iba yimbi kakhulu uma lesi sifo siphinde sibuye futhi sibangele ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwamehlo .

Kwenzekani uma lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu (i-Trachomatous trichiasis)?

Cabanga nje, lapho iso lihlushwa njalo yileli gciwane, izibazi ezincane (izicubu zesibazi) ziqala ukwakheka ngaphakathi kweso, okungukuthi, ngaphakathi kweso . Ngenxa yalezi zibazi, iso liyancipha ngaphakathi, futhi ishiya elisesobeni liphendukela ngaphakathi . Manje inkinga enkulu. Ishiya eliphendukela ngaphakathi kanje, njalo uma sicwayiza , lithinta indandatho emnyama yeso, okungukuthi, i-cornea .

I-cornea "ifasitela" elibonakalayo neligobile elingaphambili kweso lethu. Lisisiza sibone kahle.

Ngakho-ke, uma ishiya liqhubeka lihlikihla i-cornea kanjalo, liyaklwebheka. Kufana nokuhlikihla ingilazi ngephepha lokusanta. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imihuzuko ibangela ukuthi i-cornea iqine kancane kancane futhi ibe yi-open, ivimbele ukukhanya ukuthi kudlule . Yilapho-ke umbono ulahleka khona.

Ku-trachoma ethuthukile, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Amajwabu amehlo adonswa ngaphakathi futhi aqiniswe ngenxa yezicubu zesibazi.
• Ishiya liphendukele ngaphakathi.
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo obungabekezeleleki obubangelwa ukukhuhla amashiya e-cornea.
• Ukungakwazi ukubuka ukukhanya (ukuzwela ukukhanya).
• Ukukhubazeka kokubona, ekugcineni ubumpumputhe.

Yini ebangela i-trachoma? Idluliselwa kanjani?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-trachoma iyigciwane elibangelwa amagciwane. Ekuqaleni, ibukeka njengesifo samehlo esivamile "(Conjunctivitis)". Amehlo aba bomvu, alume, futhi abe namaqhubu. Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi uma ubona udokotela kusenesikhathi futhi uthatha ama-antibiotic, ingelapheka ngokuphelele .

Lesi sifo sisakazeka ngokuxhumana komuntu siqu . Okusho ukuthi, uma uketshezi (isikhwehlela, ulwelwesi) oluvela emehlweni noma ekhaleni lomuntu onegciwane lungena ezandleni, ezingutsheni, noma embhedeni wabanye, lungadluliselwa. Izimpukane nazo ziwumthombo omkhulu wokudluliselwa . Lapho izimpukane zifika emehlweni noma ekhaleni lomuntu onegciwane, zithatha amagciwane bese zifika emehlweni omunye umuntu. Lesi sifo siyadluliselwa.

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-12 ngemva kokuba igciwane lingene emzimbeni. Abesifazane nezingane ezincane basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi omama ngokuvamile yibona abachitha isikhathi esiningi nezingane futhi bazinakekele. Futhi, izingane ezincane zingangenwa kalula yilesi sifo ngoba zivame ukuthinta amehlo azo namakhala azo futhi azinandaba nokuhlanzeka.

Udokotela uyixilonga kanjani i-trachoma?

Uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela wamehlo. Udokotela uzokubuza imibuzo futhi athathe umlando wezokwelapha. Ikakhulukazi, bazobuza ukuthi ngabe uke waya endaweni lapho i-trachoma ivame khona noma ukuthi uhlala endaweni lapho ivame khona.

Ngemuva kwalokho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwamehlo . Ngezinye izikhathi, iso lingavulwa bese kuthathwa isampula encane yoketshezi oluvela esweni bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukutheleleka kubangelwa yini yibhaktheriya (i-Chlamydia trachomatis).

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-trachoma?

Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ezigabeni zokuqala, ingelapheka ngokuphelele ngama-antibiotic anqunywe udokotela . Izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi evame ukunqunyelwa i-trachoma iphilisi elibizwa ngokuthi i-Azithromycin kanye namafutha okugcoba amehlo aqukethe i-Tetracycline.

Kodwa-ke, uma ingelashwa, noma uma i-trachoma iphindaphinda, isimo esibi esishiwo ngaphambilini, `(Trachomatous trichiasis)` (i-eyelashes ephendukela ngaphakathi), singavela. Kuleso simo, udokotela uzosikisela ukuhlinzwa . Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze i-eyelashes eguquliwe ibukeke iqondile futhi. Ngemuva kwalokho i-eyelashes iyayeka ukukhuhla i-cornea, bese kuthi ezinye izibazi ziyeke.

Kodwa-ke, uma i-cornea yonakele kakhulu, udokotela angase ancome ukufakelwa i-cornea .

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi uma usuyimpumputhe ngenxa ye-trachoma, ayikwazi ukwelapheka. Yingakho sithi ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Kwenzekani uma ngithola i-trachoma? Ingabe ingelapheka?

Uma uthola i-trachoma kanye bese uthatha ama-antibiotic ngendlela efanele, uzolulama ngokushesha, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho . Inkinga iqala lapho lesi sifo sivela ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi i-cornea iqala ukonakala.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwejwabu leso, i-cornea izoyeka ukonakala kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ubumpumputhe obubangelwa yi-trachoma abunakwelashwa .

Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sinciphise ukwanda kwe-trachoma?

Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze kumiswe i-trachoma, kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukufinyelela emanzini ahlanzekile kanye nokuhlanzeka . Lokho kusho ukuthi wonke umuntu udinga ukufinyelela emanzini ahlanzekile kanye nokuhlanzeka okuhle. Kubalulekile futhi ukunciphisa ukuminyana kwabantu nokunciphisa inkathazo ebangelwa yizimpukane. Iziphathimandla emhlabeni wonke zisebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ukuzama ukuqeda i-trachoma kanye nobumpumputhe obuyibangelayo. Isifinyezo esithi SAFE sisetshenziselwa lokhu:

• S - `(Ukuhlinzwa)`: Ukuhlinzwa ukuze kwelashwe isifo esithuthukile.
• A - `(Ama-antibiotic)`: Ama-antibiotic okutheleleka.
• F - `(Ukuhlanza ubuso)`: Ukugcina ubuso buhlanzekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabalala kwezifo.
• E - `(Izinguquko zemvelo)`: Izinguquko zemvelo ezifana namanzi ahlanzekile kanye nezinsizakalo zokuhlanzeka.

Kwezinye izindawo, izingane eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-1 no-9 zinikezwa ama-antibiotic okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa nge-blanket" noma "ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic nge-blanket." Kodwa-ke , kukhona ukukhathazeka kokuthi uma ama-antibiotic enikezwa njalo ngale ndlela, amabhaktheriya angaba nokumelana nama-antibiotic .

Kunezinto ezithile ongazenza wena ngokwakho, ikakhulukazi uma uhlala noma uhamba endaweni lapho i-trachoma ivame khona:

• Qaphela ukuhlanzeka kwakho . Geza ubuso bakho kahle bese ususa noma yikuphi uketshezi emehlweni nasemakhaleni akho.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle njalo.Lokhu kuyimfuneko, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzelana nezingane ezincane.
• Ungabelani ngamathawula akho asetshenzisiwe kanye nezinto zokulala nabanye .
• Gwema izindawo lapho kunezimpukane khona ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kufanele simbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlala endaweni ene-trachoma, noma uke waya kuyo, futhi uphuma amanzi emehlweni noma ekhaleni, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela . Ikakhulukazi uma unesifo samehlo, ungasinaki . Kungcono ukutshela udokotela ngobuhlungu bamehlo, noma yiziphi izimpawu ozisolayo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-chlamydial conjunctivitis kanye ne-trachoma?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. I-Chlamydial conjunctivitis ukutheleleka kwamehlo okubangelwa ukutheleleka okuthelelwana ngocansi (STI) I-Chlamydia. Amabhaktheriya ayibangela afana namabhaktheriya abangela i-trachoma, i-Chlamydia trachomatis, kodwa izinhlobo zaleli gciwane zihlukile . Okubalulekile, i-trachoma akuyona ukutheleleka okuthelelwana ngocansi .

Uma uhlala endaweni lapho i-trachoma ivame khona, noma uma uya kwenye, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukusabalala kwalesi sifo. Ungazivikela ngokugeza izandla zakho kahle nokugcina ubuso bakho buhlanzekile. Uma amehlo akho eba bomvu noma eluma, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Bangakunikeza ama-antibiotic ukwelapha izimpawu kanye nokutheleleka.

Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu nge-trachoma namuhla, akunjalo? Okokugcina, nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule:

• I-Trachoma yisifo samehlo esibi esibangelwa amagciwane angaholela ngisho nasekungabonini.
• Ukuhlanzeka kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukugeza izandla zakho kahle, ukugcina ubuso bakho buhlanzekile, nokusebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Uma ubona izimpawu kusenesikhathi futhi uthola ukwelashwa, ungazelapha ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke uma unezimpawu ezifana namehlo abomvu, alumayo, noma anamaqhubu, thintana nodokotela ngokushesha.
• Qaphela izimpukane. Izimpukane yizona eziyinhloko ezisiza ekusabalaliseni lesi sifo.
• Uma ingelashwa, inhlamvu yeso ingaphendukela ngaphakathi, yonakalise i-cornea futhi ibangele ukulahlekelwa umbono.
• Indlela ye-SAFE ye-World Health Organisation (ukuhlinzwa, ama-antibiotic, ukuhlanza ubuso, izinguquko zemvelo) ibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni lesi sifo.

Ngakho-ke, uma sinakekela la maphuzu, singakwazi ukuzivikela kulesi sitha esithule esibizwa ngokuthi i-trachoma. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela. Amehlo amabili aphilile ayinani elikhulu empilweni!

'I-Trachoma, izifo zamehlo, izifo zamehlo, i-Chlamydia trachomatis, ubumpumputhe, impilo yamehlo, ukuvimbela