Wonke umuntu uyasaba kancane uma ezwa ngokuhlinzwa ezindaweni ezifana nomphimbo, ngemuva komlomo, noma phansi kolimi, akunjalo? Kodwa manje ubuchwepheshe buthuthuke kakhulu. Kukhona indlela yokwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa ngaphakathi komlomo, ngaphandle kokwenza izimbobo ezinkulu entanyeni nasemhlathini njengakuqala. Le ndlela yakamuva, eyenziwa ngosizo lwerobhothi, ibizwa ngokuthi i-TORS, okusho ukuthi i-Transoral Robotic Surgery. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngamagama alula.
Kalula nje, iyini i-TORS?
I-TORS inqubo lapho udokotela ohlinzayo esebenzisa uhlelo lwekhompyutha ukulawula izingalo zamarobhothi. Cabanga ukuthi ikhamera encane kanye namathuluzi okuhlinza afakwa ngomlomo wakho naphansi komphimbo wakho. Udokotela ulawula izingalo zamarobhothi kusuka ku-console yekhompyutha ngenkathi ebuka umbono ocacile we-3D kusuka kukhamera.
Lezi zingalo zerobhothi zifana nokwelulwa kwezandla zikadokotela. Kodwa zenzelwe ukuba zibe mnene, ziqine, futhi ziguquguquke kunesandla somuntu. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zisuse izimila ezinomdlavuza ezijulile emlonyeni, njengalezo ezisemphinjeni kanye nasezansi kolimi, okuvame ukuba nzima ukuzifinyelela, ngaphandle kokwenza noma yikuphi ukugoba ngaphandle. Ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kakhulu kulokhu yi-"da Vinci® Surgical System".
Esikhathini esidlule, ukuze ususe isimila kule ndawo, kwakudingeka wenze i-mandibulotomy (inqubo yokuhlinzwa ehilela ukusika ithambo lomhlathi ongezansi). Kwakuwukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okwathatha cishe amahora ayi-10-12 futhi kwathatha isikhathi eside ukuphulukiswa. Ngenxa ye-TORS, leyo nqubo enzima manje isiqediwe kakhulu.
Yiziphi izimo eziphathwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-TORS?
Nakuba ukuhlinzwa kwe-TORS kusetshenziselwa kakhulu umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo, manje sekusetshenziselwa kabanzi nasezimweni ezingezona umdlavuza.
| Uhlobo lwesimo sezokwelapha | Izibonelo nezincazelo |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza Wekhanda Nentamo | |
| Umdlavuza we-Oropharyngeal | Umdlavuza owenzeka ngemuva komphimbo, ikakhulukazi phansi kolimi noma emathonyeni. Umdlavuza ohlobene ne-HPV uvame phakathi kwalokhu. |
| Umdlavuza we-Hypopharyngeal | Umdlavuza owenzeka engxenyeni ephansi yomphimbo, ngaphansi kwe-larynx. |
| Umdlavuza we-laryngeal | Umdlavuza owenzeka elakeni (ibhokisi lezwi), okhiqiza izwi lakho. |
| Izimo Ezingezona Umdlavuza | |
| Izimila nezindlala ezingezona ezomdlavuza | Izimila ezingembi kanye nama-cyst agcwele uketshezi emlonyeni. |
| Ukuphefumula kobuthongo okuvimbelayo | Njengokwelashwa kwesimo lapho ukuphefumula kuba nzima ngenxa yokuvaleka kwendlela yokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala. |
| I-tonsillitis yolimi | Ukuvuvukala kanye nokutheleleka kwama-tonsils atholakala phansi kolimi. |
Ubani ofanelekela lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-TORS akuwona wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi ungumuntu ofanele yini. Bazocabangela izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa impilo yakho iyonke, ukwakheka kwekhanda nentamo yakho, kanye nobukhulu bomdlavuza .
Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa kubantu abanezimo ezilandelayo:
- Uma umdlavuza ususabalele waze wafika ezingeni lapho ungeke ukwazi ukususwa khona ngokuhlinzwa.
- Uma i-anesthesia iyingozi ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumula.
- Uma kunzima ukufaka izinsimbi ngenxa yokuthi umlomo mncane kakhulu noma ngesizathu esithile.
- Uma kukhona ingozi yokopha ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Udokotela okuxilongayo uzoncoma ama-TORS kuphela uma eqiniseka ukuthi kuyindlela yokwelapha ephephile nephumelelayo kakhulu kuwe, ngemva kokucabanga ngakho konke lokhu.
Indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo kanye nesikhathi sokululama
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Udokotela wakho uzo-oda ukuhlolwa okufana nokuskena ukuhlela ukuhlinzwa kwakho. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wezifo zolimi lokukhuluma ukuze akusize ulawule ubunzima bokugwinya ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza nemiyalelo yokuthi ungadli noma ungaphuzi ngemva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuyeka imithi ethile, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngenkathi ulaliswe ngokuphelele (ulele). Ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Udokotela uzofaka ikhamera yerobhothi kanye nezinsimbi emlonyeni wakho bese ebuka esikrinini sekhompyutha ukuze asuse umdlavuza ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kwenziwe ukusikwa okuncane entanyeni ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini kuma-lymph node entanyeni futhi "kungenziwa ukuhlukaniswa kwentamo" ukuze kususwe amanye ama-lymph node .
Ukuhlinzwa ngokwako kuthatha cishe amahora angu-1.5 - 2, kanti yonke inqubo ingathatha cishe amahora angu-4-5.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo ezinkulu ze-TORS. Ngokuvamile ungaya ekhaya ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3 esibhedlela. Ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa.
- Kungase kube nomphimbo obuhlungu kanye nobunzima bokugwinya cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kungadingeka unikezwe ukudla okunomsoco okudingayo, futhi kungadingeka ukuthi ufake ipayipi lokuncelisa lesikhashana ngekhala lakho.
- Ukululama kuhlukile kuwo wonke umuntu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukulalela umzimba wakho futhi uzinike isikhathi sokululama.
Yiziphi izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-TORS?
Kunezinzuzo eziningi ze-TORS uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwendabuko.
- Ukunemba okuphezulu: Ngenxa yokuthi ingalo yerobhothi ithambile kakhulu, ingasusa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela ngokunemba okukhulu, inciphise umonakalo ezicutshini ezinempilo ezizungezile.
- Ukululama okusheshayo nokuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi esifushane: Nakuba wawuvame ukuhlala esibhedlela isonto elilodwa noma amabili, manje usungaya ekhaya ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu.
- Azikho izibazi ezibonakalayo: Njengoba ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphakathi emlonyeni, azikho izibazi ezinkulu entanyeni noma ebusweni.
- Imiphumela emibi encishisiwe: Ingozi yokopha ngokweqile, izinkinga zesikhathi eside zokukhuluma nokugwinya iphansi kakhulu.
- Ukuncipha kwesidingo sokwelashwa okwengeziwe: Lokhu kunganciphisa noma kuqede ngokuphelele inani lemisebe noma i-chemotherapy edingekayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Izingozi nokuthi kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ama-TORS anezingozi ezithile. Kodwa-ke, lezi ziphansi kakhulu kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Kunezingozi ezithile, njengokuphuma kwegazi ngokweqile (ukopha), ukufuthwa kokudla noma uketshezi emaphashini, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula. Lezi zingozi zincishiswa kakhulu udokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwakho, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane.
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni njengomlomo owomile nomchamo omnyama.
- Ukopha okuvela endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
- Ukuvuvukala okungavamile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-TORS iyindlela yokuhlinzwa yesimanje, engadingi ukungenelela okuningi esetshenziswa ukususa umdlavuza ngemuva komphimbo nasemlonyeni.
- Inezinzuzo eziningi kunokuhlinzwa kwendabuko, okuhlanganisa ukuphulukiswa okusheshayo, ubuhlungu obuncane, kanye nokungabi namanxeba angaphandle.
- Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzonquma ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kulungile yini kuwe ngemuva kokuhlola isimo sakho sezokwelapha kanye nempilo yakho.
- Nakuba isikhathi sokululama sifushane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo nokubika noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngokushesha.
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