Wake wazibuza ukuthi amehlo ethu aqala kanjani ukugoba uma sehla izitebhisi, sibheka ukudla etafuleni, noma sifunda okuthile ocingweni lwethu? Senza lezi zinto ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa asicabangi ngenqubo emangalisayo ngemuva kwayo, akunjalo? Eqinisweni, 'intambo' encane, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu evela ebuchosheni bethu, inzwa, iyasisiza ngalo msebenzi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngaleli qhawe elincane, inzwa ye-trochlear.
Iyini le Trochlear Nerve?
Kalula nje, i-trochlear nerve iyi-nerve ethwala izimpawu ezivela ebuchosheni bakho iye emsipheni othile osesweni lakho. Empeleni, iyi-motor nerve. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayithwali ulwazi lwezinzwa ebuchosheni, kodwa kunalokho ithwala umyalezo ovela ebuchosheni uye endaweni efanele yokuhamba. Njengoba nje ugesi ogeleza usuka kuswishi uye ekukhanyeni endlini yethu udlula ocingweni.
Kunezimbili zalezi zinzwa eziyinhloko ngaphakathi kwekhanda lethu. Lezi sizibiza ngokuthi izinzwa ze-cranial. Ingxenye yesine yalezi zinzwa yi-trochlear nerve. Yingakho ibizwa nangokuthi i-fourne cranial nerve , futhi odokotela bayibiza ngokuthi (CN IV) ngamafuphi. Sinezimbili zalezi zinzwa, enye yeso lesokudla kanti enye yeso leso lesobunxele. Zombili zinomsebenzi ofanayo.
Kwenzekani ngempela kulo mzwelo?
Inzwa ye-trochlear inomsebenzi owodwa oyinhloko. Loku ukuthumela izimpawu emisipheni eqondile engaphezulu kwamehlo ethu ukuze inyakaze. Le nzwa kanye nale misipha kusebenza ndawonye ukuze kusivumele ukuthi:
- Bheka phansi: Cabanga ubheka phansi ngenkathi uhamba emgwaqweni, wehla izitebhisi, noma ubheka phansi esitsheni sakho ngenkathi udla. Lezi zinto ezimbili ndawonye yizo ezenza amehlo akho abheke phansi ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Phendula amehlo akho ngaphakathi: Lokhu kusiza futhi ekuphenduleni amehlo akho ngaphakathi.
- Phendula amehlo abheke ngaphandle: Lokhu futhi kunegalelo ekuguquleni amehlo abheke ngaphandle nangaphandle.
Igama elithi 'trochlear' livela egameni lesiLatini elithi 'trochleae', elisho 'i-pulley'. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umsipha oqondile ophakeme olawula le nzwa, ngaphambi kokuba uxhumeke esweni, udlula entanjeni esebenza njenge-pulley. Njengoba nje intambo idlula phezu kwe-pulley lapho idonsa amanzi emthonjeni. Yingakho ukunyakaza kwamehlo kungalawulwa kahle kakhulu.
Kunezinye izinzwa ezisiza ekushukumiseni amehlo. Kuhle ukuzikhumbula nazo:
- I-Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
- I-Abducens nerve (CN VI)
- Inzwa yobuso (CN VII) - Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekuvaleni amehlo.
Ikuphi le nzwa ngaphakathi kwekhanda lethu?
Nakuba le nzwa ilawula imisipha eyodwa kuphela, uhambo oluvela ekutholeni leyo misipha luya kule nzwa lude kancane. Lufana nomhambi ohambweni olude. Lolu hambo luqala ebuchosheni bethu. Ukusuka lapho, ludlula ezitobhini ezine ezinkulu luze lufike esweni.
1. I-Trochlear nucleus: Lena indawo yokuqala kwe-nerve. Okungukuthi, indawo eseduze kakhulu nobuchopho. Itholakala phezulu kwe-brainstem.
2. Itangi elizungezile: Lo mthambo ube usudlula eduze kwezindwangu ezivikelayo (ama-meninge) ezizungeze ubuchopho. Le ngxenye ibizwa ngokuthi lokhu.
3. I-Cavernous sinus: Lesi isikhala esifana nesikhala esiphakathi kwekhanda lethu. Inzwa nayo idlula kulokhu.
4. Ukujikeleza: Ekugcineni, iso lingena emgodini ojikelezayo, umgodi onamathambo wekhanda lapho iso likhona. Yilapho inzwa ixhumana khona nendawo eya kuyo, umsipha oqondile ophakeme.
Kwenzekani uma i-trochlear nerve yonakele?
Uma le nzwa yonakele, ithinta ngqo ukunyakaza kwamehlo akho kanye nokubona kwakho. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-fourth nerve palsy noma i-trochlear nerve palsy. Kunezimpawu eziningana ezivamile zalesi simo.
| Isibonakaliso | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ukubona kabili (i-Diplopia) | Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko. Kwenza into eyodwa ibonakale sengathi yizinto ezimbili. Lokhu kungabonakala kakhulu uma ubheka phansi, wehla izitebhisi, noma ufunda incwadi. |
| Ukutshekisa ikhanda eceleni | Ukuze bagweme ukubona kabili, abantu abaningi ngokungazi bagobisa amakhanda abo babheke iso elingathintekile. Lokhu kuzama ukubuyisela umbono othile. Uma ingane encane inalesi simo, ingabukeka njengentamo eqinile ebizwa ngokuthi i-torticollis . |
| Ukungalungi kahle kwamehlo (i-Strabismus) | Kubonakala sengathi iso elilodwa liphendukele ohlangothini oluhlukile, kunokuba womabili amehlo abheke ohlangothini olulodwa. Lokhu kufana nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-strabismus. |
| Ukungalingani kobuso | Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala kubantu abazalwa benalesi simo. Kungabonakala njengokuncipha kokukhula kwengxenye ephakathi yobuso (i-midfacial hypoplasia). |
Yiziphi izimbangela zomonakalo kule nerve?
Inzwa ye-trochlear inomzila omude odlula ekhanda, okwenza ibe sengozini yokulimala kuneminye imizwa yekhanda, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda .
- Izingozi zezimoto (ikakhulukazi izingozi zezithuthuthu)
- Ezemidlalo ezifana nebhokisi
- Ukuwa
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngendlela engenakucatshangwa, ngisho nokushaywa okuncane ekhanda kungalimaza le nzwa.
Kunezinye izizathu ezingavamile:
- Izifo ezincane zemithambo yegazi , ikakhulukazi izimo ezibangelwa izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela.
- Ukucindezelwa kwemizwa ngenxa yesimila sobuchopho esikhula eduze kwemizwa.
- Ukwanda kwengcindezi yangaphakathi kwekhanda.
Ezinye izingane zizalwa zinenkinga yalesi sinzwa. Sibizwa ngokuthi yi-congenital fourth nerve palsy.
Sizigcina kanjani izinzwa zethu ziphilile?
Asikwazi ngempela ukuvimbela izinto ezifana nezimbangela zokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, singenza okuningi ngokugwema ukulimala ekhanda nokunakekela impilo yesimiso sezinzwa ngokuvamile.
Masivimbele ukulimala ekhanda!
- Yenza indawo yasekhaya lakho iphephe: Uma unengane encane ekhaya lakho, qaphela izindawo lapho ingawela khona futhi ishayeke ekhanda layo. Uma unomuntu osekhulile, cabanga ikakhulukazi ngezindawo lapho ingashelela khona futhi iwele khona (isib., indlu yokugezela).
- Amabhande esihlalo kanye nezigqoko: Gqoka amabhande esihlalo njalo uma ugibela imoto. Thutha izingane esihlalweni semoto esifanele. Kuphoqelekile ukugqoka isigqoko sezinga elibekiwe uma ugibela ibhayisikili noma isithuthuthu.
- Ukuphepha lapho udlala imidlalo: Gqoka izimpahla zokuzivikela ezifanele lapho udlala imidlalo yokuthintana njenge-rugby kanye ne-boxing.
Gcina uhlelo lwezinzwa luphilile ngokujwayelekile
- Ukudla okunomsoco: I-Vitamin D kanye ne-Vitamin B12 ukuze kube nohlelo lwezinzwa olunempiloKubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, engeza ukudla okuqukethe lokhu (inhlanzi, amaqanda, ubisi, imifino) ekudleni kwakho.
- Ukuphathwa kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona: Isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yizifo ezimbili ezinkulu ezingalimaza imizwa. Uma unalezi zifo, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho futhi uziphathe kahle.
- Yeka ukubhema: Ukubhema kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya emizweni. Ngakho funa usizo lokuyeka ukubhema.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esifanelana nomzimba wakho kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni iyonke.
- Nciphisa ukucindezeleka: Izinto ezifana nokuzindla, ukuhamba, kanye ne-yoga zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni, ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa sengathi ubona izinto ezimbili uma ubheka phansi , noma uma kufanele ugobe ikhanda lakho ukuze ubone kahle, ungacabangi nje ukuthi kulungile. Sicela ubonane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga, futhi uma kudingeka, akuthumele kudokotela wamehlo noma kudokotela wezinzwa. Bazokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi bakuchazele ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze.
Khumbula njalo, ngisho nengxenye encane kakhulu yomzimba wethu inendima ebaluleke kakhulu. I-trochlear nerve nayo ayihlukile. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela imizimba yethu nokunaka izimpawu ezisinika zona.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-trochlear nerve ibaluleke kakhulu ku-cranial nerve esiza ekushukumiseni amehlo ethu phansi nangaseceleni.
- Imbangela eyinhloko yokulimala kwale nzwa ukulimala ekhanda. Ngakho-ke, hlala ubeka phambili ukuvikela ikhanda lakho.
- Uphawu oluyinhloko ukubona kabili (i-diplopia) uma ubheka phansi noma kudingeka ugobe ikhanda ukuze ubone kahle.
- Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki futhi funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ukulawula izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukugwema ukubhema, kanye nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo kuzosiza ukugcina yonke imizwa yakho iphilile.
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