Uma ubheka ingane yakho esanda kuzalwa, ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uyaqaphela ukuthi izindebe zayo neminwe yayo iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Noma ingabe inenkinga ngisho nangemva kokuphuza ubisi? Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso. Kuvamile ukuthi noma yimuphi umama noma ubaba esaba lapho ebona into efana nale. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo senhliziyo esingavamile, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu. Leso yiTruncus Arteriosus.
Kalula nje, iyini le Truncus Arteriosus?
Kulungile, ake sikuqonde lokhu kalula. Ingane enempilo inemithambo yegazi emibili eyinhloko (imithambo yegazi) ephuma enhliziyweni yayo.
1. Umthambo Wemithambo Yephaphu: Lokhu kuthwala igazi elingcolile nelingenawo umoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye emaphashini. Emaphashini, leli gazi liyahlanzwa ngokufaka umoya-mpilo.
2. I-Aorta: Lokhu kusabalalisa igazi elinomoya-mpilo, elihlanzwa emaphashini, kusukela enhliziyweni kuya emzimbeni wonke.
Kodwa enganeni ene- Truncus Arteriosus , esikhundleni sale mithambo yegazi emibili, kunomthambo wegazi owodwa omkhulu kuphela. Cabanga nje, kunomgwaqo owodwa kuphela lapho kufanele kube nemigwaqo emibili.
Okwenzekayo ukuthi igazi elinomoya-mpilo omningi kanye negazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo kuhlangana ndawonye. Leli gazi elixubile lijikeleza emzimbeni wonke wengane. Lokhu kubeka ukucindezeleka okungabekezeleleki enhliziyweni nasemaphashini engane. Kuvimbela nezinye izitho zomzimba ekutholeni umoya-mpilo eziwudingayo. Odokotela babheka lokhu njengesifo senhliziyo esibucayi esizalwa naso . Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezenza ngisole ukuthi ingane yami inalesi simo?
Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa. Hlola ukuthi ingane yakho inayo yini kulezi zimpawu.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula ngakho |
|---|---|
| Isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma esimpunga (i-Cyanosis) | Kuvela umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ompunga, ikakhulukazi eduze komlomo wengane kanye neminwe yengane, ngoba umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele. |
| Ukulala ngokweqile | Umntwana ulele njalo. Kubonakala kunzima ukumvusa. Ubukeka engaphili. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ingane ingase ibonakale sengathi iphefumula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ingase izwakale sengathi ingena esifubeni sakho. |
| Ubunzima bokuphuza ubisi | Ngisho nangemva kokuphuza ubisi oluncane, umntwana ukhathele kakhulu. Uyajuluka, alale ngenkathi ephuza, bese eyeka ukuphuza ngemva kwesikhashana. |
| Ukuntuleka kokukhuluphala | Ingane ayikhuli njengoba kufanele ikhule ngoba ayikwazi ukuphuza ubisi kahle futhi umzimba usebenzisa amandla amaningi kakhulu. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okubuthakathaka | Ngisho noma inhliziyo yengane ingase izwakale sengathi ishaya ngokushesha uma ubeka isandla sakho esifubeni sayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kube buthaka. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungesabi uma ubona eyodwa noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu, kodwa bona udokotela ngokushesha. Uma lesi sifo sitholakala ngokushesha, kuba lula ukwelapha.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ezinganeni?
Ososayensi abakasazi isizathu esiqondile salokhu. Isikhathi esiningi, kungenxa yokuthi inhliziyo ayikhuli kahle ngesikhathi umntwana ekhula esibelethweni. Ngokuvamile, lo msele owodwa obizwa ngokuthi 'i-truncus' okhona kumbungu kufanele kamuva uhlukaniswe ube izingxenye ezimbili bese wenza imithambo emibili. Kodwa kwezinye izingane, lokho kuhlukana akwenzeki.
Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nezimo ezithile zofuzo. Isibonelo yi -DiGeorge syndrome . Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ngozi ingandiswa yizici ezithile ezithinta umama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Umama unesifo sikashukela.
- Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-rubella.
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala noma ezinye izidakamizwa.
- Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali ayingozi njengothofu.
Ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo ezingase zenzeke ngalesi simo
Izinsana eziningi ezine-Truncus Arteriosus nazo zinento ehlukile. Leyo imbobo odongeni phakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphansi (i-atrium) yenhliziyo. Odokotela bayibiza ngokuthi i-Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) . Lembobo ibangela nokuxubana kwegazi elihlanzekile nelingcolile.
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Ngokuvamile, odokotela basola lokhu lapho umntwana ebonisa izimpawu ezingenhla ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa. Bese, ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo, into eyinhloko ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-echocardiogram (echo) . Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Lokhu kungabona ngokucacile ukuma kwenhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, kanye nendlela igazi eligeleza ngayo.
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu, lokhu kungase kusolwe uma ukuhlolwa kwe -pulse oximetry (okukala izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini ngokunamathisela i-clip encane emunweni) okwenziwa kuzo zonke izingane esibhedlela kubonisa amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo.
Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi lesi simo sitholakale ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kuyesabisa, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi izingane ezinalesi simo zidinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okuzalwa. Lena ukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusebenza ngokulungisa isakhiwo senhliziyo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Enqubweni ebizwa ngokuthi ukulungiswa kweRastelli , odokotela abavame ukuyenza, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza okulandelayo:
- Imbobo enhliziyweni (VSD) ivalwa ngento efana ne-patch.
- Umthambo wegazi omkhulu kuphela okhona (truncus) udalwa njenge-aorta entsha.
- Kusetshenziswa umsele wokwenziwa kanye nevalvu , kwakhiwa umthambo omusha wamaphaphu othwala igazi uye emaphashini.
Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuzodingeka esikhathini esizayo?
Yebo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi. Umsele wokufakelwa ofakwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kokuqala awukhuli kanye nomntwana. Ngakho-ke, njengoba umntwana ekhula, kuzodingeka ukuhlinzwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu esikhathini esizayo ukuze kushintshwe umsele. Udokotela wakho uzochaza lokhu kuwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Kufanele ngimnakekele kanjani umntwana wami ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ingane yakho kuzodingeka ivakashele umtholampilo kadokotela wenhliziyo impilo yayo yonke.
- Ngesikhathi sobuntwana, kufanele uthole ukwelashwa ngaphansi kukadokotela wenhliziyo wezingane .
- Uma usufinyelele eminyakeni engu-18, uzothunyelwa kudokotela wenhliziyo ozalwa naye omdala.
Kuyimpoqo ukuya kule mitholampilo ngoba yiyo ehlola njalo ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yengane, yenze izivivinyo ezidingekayo, futhi inqume ukuthi izokwenze nini ukuhlinzwa okulandelayo.
Ingabe ingane ingaphila nalesi simo? Ingabe ingaphila impilo evamile?
Lona umbuzo omkhulu kunayo yonke engqondweni yawo wonke umzali.
Yebo, impela. Kodwa kuphela uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi. Izinga lokusinda ngemva kokuhlinzwa manje seliphezulu kakhulu (phakathi kuka-80% - 97%). Kodwa futhi kuncike kwezinye izici, njengobunzima benhliziyo yengane.
'Impilo evamile' ihlukile kuwo wonke umuntu. Ezinye izingane zizokwazi ukugijima nokudlala njengezinye izingane. Ezinye zingase zizizwe zikhathele kancane lapho zivivinya umzimba. Kodwa ngokuqashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, abantu abaningi bangaya esikoleni, bafunde, basebenze, futhi babe nokuphila komndeni.
Lolu hambo luyinselele, kodwa awuwedwa. Odokotela bakho, abahlengikazi, nomndeni wakho bazoba umthombo omkhulu wamandla kuwe.
Izibalo noma imiphumela oyifunda ku-inthanethi ayinqumi ikusasa lengane yakho. Zimane nje ziyizifinyezo zalokho esikwaziyo njengamanje. Themba ithimba lakho lodokotela ukuthi liqondise ingane yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Truncus Arteriosus yisifo senhliziyo esibi kakhulu lapho kukhona khona umthambo owodwa kuphela enhliziyweni esikhundleni semithambo emibili eyinhloko.
- Izimpawu ezifana nesikhumba somntwana esiphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis), ubunzima bokuphefumula, kanye nobunzima bokuncelisa kungase kuvele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kubalulekile emasontweni ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokuzalwa ukuze kusindiswe impilo yomntwana.
- Njengoba ingane ikhula, kuzodingeka ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wenhliziyo impilo yakho yonke.
- Ngokwelashwa nokunakekelwa okufanele, laba bantwana bangaphila impilo ende nenhle.
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