Abesifazane abaningi bayesaba kancane, banamahloni, noma banamahloni uma bezwa ngalolu vivinyo lwe-"Pap Smear". Kunezikhathi lapho becabanga khona ukuthi, "O, bekungekho nkinga ngesikhathi esidlule, kungani uphinde ukwenze?" Kodwa bewazi ukuthi lolu vivinyo olulula, lwemizuzu embalwa lunamandla futhi luwusizo kangangokuthi lungasindisa impilo yakho? Ngakho-ke namuhla, masisuse konke ukwesaba nemibuzo ngalokhu futhi sixoxe ngakho kalula, njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Pap smear?
I-Pap smear, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Pap test, yenziwa kakhulu ukuhlola umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho . Umlomo wesibeletho uyindawo evulekela isibeletho sakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yamaseli ebusweni bomlomo wesibeletho bese uwahlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
Into enkulu nebaluleke kakhulu ngalokhu ukuthi esikhundleni sokuthola ukuthi ukhona yini umdlavuza, kungahlonza amangqamuzana angaphambi komdlavuza angase abe umdlavuza . Njengoba nje ukuthola intuthu encane endlini kungavimbela umlilo omkhulu ukuthi ungenzeki. Uma lawa maseli angajwayelekile ehlonzwa kusenesikhathi, angelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okulula ngaphambi kokuba abe umdlavuza.
Lolu vivinyo lubizwa ngokuthi "uPap" ukuhlonipha uDkt. George Papanicolaou, udokotela waseMelika owalusungula.
Yini ngempela le test eyifunayo?
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap kugxila emaphuzu amaningana ayinhloko.
- Umdlavuza Wesibeletho: Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufuna ngqo amangqamuzana omdlavuza esibelethweni.
- I-Dysplasia: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ibheka izinguquko emaseli ezingaba umdlavuza . Uma lezi zitholakala kusenesikhathi, kulula kakhulu ukuzelapha.
- I-Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV kwenziwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-Pap. I-HPV iyigciwane elivamile elidluliselwa ngocansi. Ezinye izinhlobo zaleli gciwane le-HPV ziyimbangela eyinhloko yomdlavuza wesibeletho.
Okubalulekile: Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap akukwazi ukuthola ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STI) njenge-gonorrhea noma i-chlamydia. Lokhu kumele kuhlolwe ngokwehlukana. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kunganikeza umbono wezifo ezifana ne-trichomonas, amagciwane, noma izifo zemvubelo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap kufanele kwenziwe eneminyaka emingaki futhi kangaki?
Lokhu kuncike eminyakeni yakho, umlando wezempilo, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini. Nakhu okuvame ukunconywa:
| Iqembu lobudala | Isikhawu sesikhathi esinconyiwe |
|---|---|
| Iminyaka engu-21 - 30 ubudala | Yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap njalo eminyakeni emithathu . |
| Iminyaka engu-30 - 65 ubudala | Ungakhetha ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HPV ndawonye (ukuhlolwa ngokubambisana) njalo eminyakeni emihlanu noma ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese unquma ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kuwe. |
| Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala | Uma yonke imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini ijwayelekile futhi ungenazo izici ezikhethekile zengozi, udokotela wakho uvame ukuncoma ukuthi uyeke ukuhlolwa. |
Obani okudingeka bahlolwe njalo?
Kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi, noma ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engu-65. Lezi zimo zifaka:
- Uma unegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, noma uma unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba ngenxa yokwelashwa ngomdlavuza (i-chemotherapy) noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha.
- Uma umama wakho ethathe umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Diethylstilbestrol (DES) ngesikhathi ekuthwala esibelethweni sakhe (lona umuthi owawunikezwa omama abakhulelwe kwaze kwaba cishe ngo-1971).
- Uma uke waba nomdlavuza wesibeletho ngaphambili.
- Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-Pap kwangaphambilini ibingajwayelekile .
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela lezi zinyathelo kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Gwema ukuya ocansini lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Ungasebenzisi ama-tampon, okhilimu besitho sangasese sowesifazane noma imithi, amagwebu okuvimbela inzalo noma amajeli, amafutha okugcoba, noma ama-douche izinsuku ezimbili .
- Kungcono ukuhlela ukuhlolwa ngemva kokuphela kwesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini . Uma uya esikhathini ngosuku lokuhlolwa, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi wenzeni. Kungase kudingeke ushintshe usuku, njengoba ukopha kakhulu kungathinta imiphumela.
Indlela yokwenza isivivinyo - akukho okufanele ukwesabe!
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ekamelweni likadokotela. Konke lokhu kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje. Awunaso isizathu sokwesaba noma sokuba namahloni. Udokotela nabahlengikazi bazokusiza kakhulu.
1. Okokuqala, uzocelwa ukuthi ukhumule izingubo zakho ngaphansi kwesinqe noma ushintshe ngokuphelele bese ugqoka ingubo yasesibhedlela.
2. Uzobekwa etafuleni lokuhlolwa elikhethekile bese imilenze yakho ibekwa ngama-stirrup. Uzonikezwa indwangu noma iphepha lokumboza imilenze yakho.
3. Okulandelayo, udokotela uzofaka kancane kancane into yepulasitiki noma yensimbi ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-speculum' esithweni sakho sangasese sowesifazane. Ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile kancane kuleli qophelo. Le nto isetshenziselwa ukuvula isitho sangasese sowesifazane kancane futhi ibuke kahle umlomo wesibeletho.
4. Bese, usebenzisa ibhulashi elincane noma i-spatula ethambile kakhulu, susa kancane amanye amangqamuzana ebusweni bomlomo wesibeletho. Lokhu akubuhlungu.
5. Isampula yeseli eqoqwe ifakwa ebhodleleni elincane eliqukethe uketshezi olukhethekile, bese i-speculum isuswa.
Yilokho kuphela. Yonke inqubo ithatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemi-5.
Ungase uzwe amaconsi amancane egazi ngemva kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kuvamile, ungakhathazeki. Kodwa-ke, uma ukopha kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-24 noma uma unobuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki, sicela wazise udokotela wakho.
Uma uthola imiphumela... kusho ukuthini lokho?
Isampula yeseli lakho ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe. Kungathatha cishe amasonto amathathu ukuthi imiphumela ibuye. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemiphumela.
| Uhlobo lomphumela | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Okuvamile / Okubi | Izindaba ezinhle! Azikho izinhlayiya ezingavamile ezitholakale esibelethweni sakho somlomo wesibeletho. Konke kuphilile. Uzohlolwa okulandelayo eminyakeni emi-3-5. |
| Akucaci (Akucaci / Akuvamile) | Ngezinye izikhathi, ilebhu ayikwazi ukuqiniseka ukuthi amaseli ajwayelekile noma awajwayelekile ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokunganeli kwamasampula amaseli noma ukutheleleka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho uzokucela ukuthi uphinde wenze ukuhlolwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. |
| Okungavamile (Okungavamile / Okuhle) | Lokhu kusho ukuthi kubonakale izinguquko ezithile emaseli esibelethweni somlomo wesibeletho. Ungakhathazeki ngalo mphumela! Lokhu akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Ngokuvamile lezi yizinguquko ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuba zibe umdlavuza. Udokotela uzokucela ukuthi wenze olunye ukuhlolwa (i-colposcopy) ukuze aphenye kabanzi ngalesi simo. |
Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo uma kutholakala umphumela ongavamile?
Uma imiphumela yakho ingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi wenze isivivinyo esibizwa ngokuthi i-colposcopy .
Lokhu kulula futhi njengokuhlolwa kwe-Pap. Okwenzayo lapha ukubheka umlomo wesibeletho sakho eduze kakhulu ngedivayisi ekhethekile yokukhulisa (i-colposcope). Ungabona ngokucacile izindawo lapho usola khona ukuthi kunamaseli angajwayelekile. Uma kudingeka, kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu (i-biopsy) kuleyo ndawo bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe kabanzi. Yile ndlela ongaqiniseka ngayo ngezinguquko eziqondile emaseli.
Eminye imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Ingabe kudingeka ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwesisu?
Lokhu kuncike ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa okwenzile kanye nesizathu salokho.
- Uma umlomo wakho wesibeletho ungasuswanga ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwakho, kufanele uqhubeke nokuhlolwa kwe-Pap.
- Uma umlomo wakho wesibeletho ususwe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, futhi ukuhlinzwa kungenziwanga ngenxa yomdlavuza (ngokwesibonelo, ngesimo esifana ne-fibroids), cishe ngeke uphinde udinge ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap.
- Kodwa-ke, uma uke wahlinzwa ukuze kususwe umlomo wesibeletho ngenxa yomdlavuza wesibeletho, wesibeletho, noma wesibeletho, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uqhubeke nokuhlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe ingozi yokuthola amangqamuzana anomdlavuza engxenyeni engenhla yesitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Ingabe intombi emsulwa idinga ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap?
Yebo. Iphesenti elincane kakhulu lomdlavuza wesibeletho libangelwa ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi yocansi. Futhi, i-HPV, imbangela eyinhloko yomdlavuza wesibeletho, ngezinye izikhathi ingadluliselwa ngokuxhumana kwesikhumba nesikhumba ngaphandle kokuya ocansini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap ngesheduli enconywayo ngemva kweminyaka engu-21, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uya ocansini noma cha .
Kwenzekani uma ungenayo i-Pap test?
Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu newukuphela kwayo yokuthola izinguquko zamaseli ngaphambi kokuba zikhule zibe umdlavuza wesibeletho. Uma ungalwenzi lolu vivinyo, ungase ungazi ukuthi amaseli omdlavuza ayakhula emzimbeni wakho. Ngesikhathi umdlavuza usukhulile futhi izimpawu zibonakala, kungase kube sekwephuze kakhulu ukuwulapha.
Khumbula, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokusindisa izimpilo, futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap kuyithuba elibaluleke kakhulu lokwenza lokho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Pap Smear iyisivivinyo esisindisa impilo esingavimbela umdlavuza wesibeletho. Ungesabi noma ungabi namahloni ngakho.
- Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuthi ingakwazi ukubona izinguquko zamaseli eziholela kumdlavuza ngaphambi kokuba ukhule.
- Qiniseka ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokwesheduli enconywa udokotela wakho, ehambisana neminyaka yakho nesimo sakho sempilo.
- Ukuthi nje umphumela wokuhlolwa "awujwayelekile" akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Ungawesabi bese ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukungabaza ngalokhu, xoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
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