Wake wezwa igama elithi 'i-eardrum'? Mhlawumbe uke walizwa kudokotela noma komunye umuntu. Leli yi-membrane encane ethambile kakhulu ebalulekile ekuzweni kwethu. Uma ingasebenzi kahle, umhlaba wethu ungathula. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale-eardrum, noma ngokwezokwelapha, i-membrane ye-tympanic, ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
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Kalula nje, iyini le ndlebe?
I-eardrum iyi-membrane encane, eyindilinga ehlukanisa ingxenye engaphandle yendlebe yakho (indlebe yangaphandle) nengxenye ephakathi yendlebe yakho yangaphakathi (indlebe ephakathi). Njengoba nje isikhumba sesigubhu sinyakaza uma usishaya, izigubhu zethu ziyanyakaza lapho amaza omsindo efika kuzo. Lokhu kunyakaza yikho okusisiza ukuthi siqaphele umsindo njengomsindo.
Cabanga nje, lena inqubo emangalisayo kakhulu. Ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani.
- Okokuqala, amaza omsindo avela endaweni angena endlebeni yakho bese eshaya i-eardrum yakho.
- Lapho lawo maza omsindo eshaya, i-eardrum iqala ukudlidliza njengesikhumba sesigubhu.
- Okulandelayo, lokhu kudlidliza kudluliselwa ezingcezwini ezintathu ezincane kakhulu zamathambo (esizibiza ngokuthi "ama-Ossicles") ezinamathele ku-eardrum.
- Ukudlidliza kwandiswa ngalezi zingcezu zamathambo bese kuhamba phambili ngaphakathi kwendlebe kuye engxenyeni egcwele uketshezi, efana ne-snail ebizwa ngokuthi i-cochlea.
- Amaseli ezinwele amahle ngaphakathi kwe-cochlea abamba lokhu kudlidliza bese ekuguqula kube izimpawu zikagesi.
- Ekugcineni, inzwa yokuzwa ithwala lezi zimpawu zikagesi iziyise ebuchosheni. Ubuchopho buchaza lezi zimpawu bese busitshela ukuthi, "O... lena ingoma" noma "Lona umsindo womuntu okhulumayo."
Uyaqonda? Umqalisi wale nqubo yonke yi-eardrum yethu. Ukube ibingasebenzi kahle, bekungeke kwenzeke lutho kulokhu.
Ikuphi i-eardrum? Ingabonakala kanjani?
I-eardrum itholakala ekugcineni komsele wendlebe oholela endlebeni yakho. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, yi-eardrum ehlukanisa indlebe yakho yangaphandle nendlebe yakho ephakathi. Lawo mathambo amathathu amancane esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili akwelinye icala le-eardrum.
I-eardrum enempilo ivame ukuba nombala omhlophe osuka ku-pearl kuya ku-grey . Iphinde ibonakale kancane. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ibukeka njengefasitela elinenkungu, noma ishidi lepulasitiki elinwetshiwe. Lincane kakhulu ngobukhulu, cishe isentimitha elilodwa ububanzi.
Yenziwe ngani i-eardrum?
Lolu lwelwesi oluncane lwakhiwe ngezingqimba ezintathu. Ingqimba ngayinye inomsebenzi othize.
1. Ingqimba engaphandle: Lokhu kwakhiwe ngezicubu ze-epithelial. Kalula nje, le ngqimba yakhiwe ngohlobo olufanayo lwezicubu isikhumba sethu esenziwe ngalo.
2. Isendlalelo esiphakathi:Yakhiwe ngezicubu eziguquguqukayo nezinemicu. Lolu ngqimba yilapho kutholakala khona imizwa nemithambo yegazi.
3. Ingqimba engaphakathi: Lokhu kwakhiwe ulwelwesi lwamafinyila (i-Mucosa). Izitho zomzimba ezifana nomgudu wethu wokugaya ukudla nazo zimbozwe ngaphakathi yilezi zicubu ezifanayo.
Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta i-eardrum?
Ngenxa yokuthi izindlebe zethu zithambile kakhulu, zisengozini enkulu yokulimala. Ukutheleleka okuhlukahlukene kanye nezingozi kungathinta izindlebe. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimo ezivame kakhulu.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhekeka kwendlebe | Ukulimala kwendlebe (isib. ukushaywa endlebeni, into ebukhali ebhajwe endlebeni) noma ukutheleleka okukhulu kwendlebe kungabangela imbobo endukwini yendlebe. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukuphuma koketshezi endlebeni, noma ukukhala okuqhubekayo endlebeni (i-tinnitus) . Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuzozixazulula ngokwako . Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa. |
| I-Tympanosclerosis | Lokhu kuyisibazi se-eardrum. Uma unezifo zendlebe ezivame ukwenzeka noma uke waba nokulimala kwendlebe, lokhu kungabangela ukuba kwakheke izibazi ezimhlophe ku-eardrum. Lokhu kusiba kungavimbela amaza omsindo ukuthi angahambi kahle futhi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ukuzwa. Ukwelashwa kwalokhu yi -tympanoplasty . Lokhu kuhilela ukususa izicubu zesibazi nokulungisa izindawo ezonakele. |
| Uketshezi ngemuva kwe-eardrum | Lokhu kubizwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi (Otitis media with effusion). Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi (Glue ear). Ipayipi elixhumanisa indlebe nomphimbo libizwa ngokuthi ipayipi le-Eustachian.Lokhu kwenzeka lapho uketshezi luqoqana ngemuva kwe-eardrum lapho luvaleka. Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokutheleleka kwendlebe, ukungezwani komzimba, kanye nentuthu kagwayi. Esikhathini esiningi, luzophela lodwa . Uma lungahambi, kungadingeka ama-antibiotic. |
| I-eardrum ethelelekile | Ukutheleleka kwendlebe ephakathi noma i-eardrum ephukile kungabangela ukuthi i-eardrum itheleleke. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bendlebe, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, kanye ne-vertigo . Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuzophela ngokwako . Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu ziqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho. |
Ngakho-ke, singazinakekela kanjani lezi zimbobo zezindlebe eziyigugu?
Ngokunakekela kahle izindlebe zakho, ungagcina nezimbobo zakho zendlebe ziphilile. Nanka amanye amathiphu alula:
- Ungalokothi ufake izinto ezifana nama-cotton bud ezindlebeni zakho ukuze uzihlanze. Lokhu kuzocindezela i-earwax kakhulu futhi kwandise ingozi yokulimaza i-eardrum yakho. Indlebe yakho inamandla okuzihlanza.
- Uma uya ezindaweni ezinomsindo ophezulu, njengamakhonsathi omculo, gqoka izivikelo ezindlebeni.
- Uma ulalele umculo ngama-headphone noma ama-earbud, ungakhuphuli ivolumu phezulu kakhulu. Uma othile oseduze nawe ekuzwa, ivolumu yakho iphakeme kakhulu.
- Gcina ivolumu yethelevishini nomsakazo isezingeni elijwayelekile ekhaya.
- Uma unomuzwa wokuthi kukhona ushintsho ekuzweni kwakho, bonana nodokotela wezindlebe ukuze ahlole ukuzwa kwakho.
Kwenzekani uma i-eardrum inezimbobo?
Esikhathini esiningi, ukudabuka okuncane noma umonakalo we-eardrum kuzophola ngokwako phakathi namasonto ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zakho (ubuhlungu, ukuphuma kwegazi) ziba zimbi kakhulu, noma uma zingathuthuki ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
Singabona yini i-eardrum yothile?
Cha, asikwazi ukubona i-eardrum yomunye umuntu ngamehlo ethu. Kodwa udokotela angasebenzisa ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi "i-Otoscope" ukuze abone i-eardrum yakho ngokucacile. Leli ithuluzi elikhanyayo nelikhulisayo.
Ungezwa yini ngaphandle kwezindlebe?
Ngaphandle kwe-eardrum, imisindo esiyizwayo ayizwakali kahle. Kuzwakala sengathi silalele ngaphansi kwamanzi. Umuntu one-eardrum enezimbobo angase abe nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngezinga elithile kuze kube yilapho ephola.
Ngamafuphi, i-eardrum yakho ibalulekile ukuze uzwe kahle, ngakho-ke kungumthwalo wakho ukuyinakekela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-eardrum (i-tympanic membrane) iyi-membrane encane kakhulu ebalulekile ekuzweni kwakho. Yile membrane eguqula amaza omsindo abe ukudlidliza.
- Ukutheleleka kwendlebe, izingozi, kanye nomsindo omkhulu kungalimaza i-eardrum, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bendlebe kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
- Esikhathini esiningi, umonakalo omncane endukwini yendlebe uyaphola ngokwawo . Kuyikhono elimangalisayo lomzimba.
- Ungalokothi ufake ama-cotton bud noma ezinye izinto ezibukhali ezindlebeni zakho ukuze uzihlanze.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu bendlebe, uzwa sengathi kukhona okuphuma endlebeni yakho, noma ulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela wakho. Yilokho okungcono kakhulu ongakwenza.
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