Iningi lethu liyesaba uma sizwa igama elithi “umdlavuza.” Lokho kujwayelekile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukungakhulumi ngezinto ezibalulekile kangaka noma ukungazami ukufunda ngazo ngenxa yalokho kwesaba. Umdlavuza webele uyisihloko okufanele nakanjani usiqaphele, ikakhulukazi njengowesifazane.
Kalula nje, uyini umdlavuza webele?
Imizimba yethu yakhiwe yizigidigidi zamaseli amancane. Lawa maseli ayahlukana, akhule, futhi ekugcineni afe. Leyo inqubo evamile. Kodwa-ke, kumdlavuza webele, amanye amaseli esifubeni aqala ukuhlukana ngokungalawuleki nangokushesha kakhulu kunalokho okufanele. Leli qembu lamaseli elihlukana ngokungavamile lakha “isigaxa” noma “isimila.”
Ngokuvamile, la maseli omdlavuza aqala ezindlaleni ezikhiqiza ubisi (ama-lobule) ebele noma emigudwini ethwala ubisi iye engonweni. Nakuba ekuqaleni kukhawulelwe ebeleni, uma kungelashwa, la maseli omdlavuza angasakazeka ezicutshini ezizungezile, aye kuma-lymph node ngaphansi kwekhwapha, bese esuka lapho eya egazini aye kwezinye izitho zomzimba (njengesibindi, amaphaphu , ubuchopho, namathambo). Uma lokhu kwenzeka, siwubiza ngokuthi umdlavuza "osakazeka kalula".
Qaphela lezi zimpawu!
Ngokuvamile, uphawu lokuqala lomdlavuza webele luyiqhubu elisesifubeni noma ekhwapheni. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kungabi nazimpawu nhlobo ezigabeni zokuqala. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuzihlola amabele bese uthola ama-mammogram lapho uneminyaka yakho.
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, sicela ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
| Isibonakaliso | Okunye okwengeziwe ngalokhu |
|---|---|
| Iqhubu noma ukuqina | Indawo eyisigaxa noma ejiyile esifubeni noma emakhwapheni, ngisho noma incane njengephizi, engazwakala ngesandla. Iyaqhubeka ngisho nangemva kokuya esikhathini kwanyanga zonke. |
| Ushintsho kusayizi noma ukuma kwesifuba | Ibele elilodwa likhulu ngokungavamile kunelinye, liyaxega, noma lishintsha isimo. |
| Ukukhishwa kwengono | Uma ungeyena umama oncelisayo, ungase uthole ukuphuma kwegazi noma uketshezi olucacile ngaphandle kokucindezela ingono yakho. |
| Izinguquko zesikhumba | Isikhumba sesifuba singase sibe nezimfanta, sicwile, sibe nemibimbi, sibe namaxolo noma sibe bomvu. |
| Izinguquko zezingono | Ingono ephendukezelwe, ushintsho esimweni sayo noma endaweni yayo, noma isikhumba esibuhlungu noma esiqhekekile esizungeze ingono (i-areola). |
| Ubuhlungu | Nakuba izigaxa ezinomdlavuza zivame ukungabi buhlungu, ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela ubuhlungu obungapheli ebeleni noma engcondweni. |
Khumbula, akuzona zonke izigaxa zamabele ezibangela umdlavuza. Eziningi ziyizigaxa ezingenabungozi. Kodwa lokho kuncike kudokotela wakho, hhayi kuwe.
Kungani umdlavuza webele uvela? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Akukho imbangela eyodwa yomdlavuza webele. Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana ezandisa amathuba, noma "ingozi," yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Ake sihlukanise lezi zigaba zibe yizigaba ezimbili.
Izinto esingenakuzilawula
- Ubudala: Abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 basengozini enkulu.
- Izakhi zofuzo: Uma othile emndenini wakho (ikakhulukazi umama wakho, udadewenu, noma indodakazi yakho) eke waba nomdlavuza webele, usengozini enkulu. Ikakhulukazi, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo `(BRCA1)` kanye `(BRCA2)` kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza webele .
- Umlando womuntu siqu: Uma wake waba nomdlavuza kwelinye ibele, usengozini yokuba nawo nakwelinye ibele.
- Umlando wokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini: Ukuqala ukuya esikhathini ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-12 kanye nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngemva kweminyaka engama-55 kwandisa ingozi.
- Amabele Aqinile: Uma amabele akho enezicubu eziningi zama-gland kunamafutha, kungaba nzima ukuthola umdlavuza ku-mammogram.
Izinto esingazilawula
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Ukuphila impilo yokuhlala phansi ngaphandle kokuzilolonga kwandisa ingozi.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile : Ukukhuluphala akukuhle, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala : Ukuphuza utshwala nsuku zonke kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele.
- Ukuba nezingane: Ukuthola ingane yakho yokuqala ngemva kweminyaka engu-30, ukungabi nabantwana, noma ukungancelisi izingane zakho kungandisa kancane ingozi yakho.
- Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone: Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone (HRT) ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
Udokotela ukuthole kanjani lokhu ngempela?
Uma uzwa iqhubu noma ubona okuthile okusolisayo ku-mammogram, udokotela wakho uzoqala inqubo yokuxilonga.
1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela uzohlola ngokucophelela amabele akho nendawo yamakhwapha.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe:
- I-Mammogram: I-X-ray yamabele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona amaqhubu nezinye izinguquko.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala isithombe sengaphakathi lebele. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iqhubu liqinile noma ligcwele uketshezi.
- I-MRI Scan (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lolu vivinyo lusetshenziselwa ukuthola izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane eminingi, uma kudingeka.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy:
Ukuphela kwendlela yokuqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi umdlavuza noma cha yi-biopsy.
Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu eqhubu elisolisayo ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope usebenzisa inalithi encane kakhulu. Lokhu kunganquma ngqo ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhona noma cha, futhi uma kunjalo, uhlobo luni lomdlavuza.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha? Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho!
Uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza webele, udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lezokwelapha bazokwakha uhlelo lokwelapha olukulungele kangcono. Manje kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu nezithuthukile zomdlavuza webele. Uhlelo lokwelapha luncike ezicini ezifana nohlobo lomdlavuza onalo, ukuthi ususakazeke kangakanani (isigaba), iminyaka yakho, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukuhlinzwa: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa iqhubu elinomdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezizungezile (i-lumpectomy) noma ukususa lonke ibele (i-mastectomy). Manje, kaningi, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe iqhubu kuphela, kushiye ibele liphelele.
- Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe:Imisebe enamandla aphezulu isetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase asale ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Kunikezwa imithi yokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lawa anikezwa njengamaphilisi noma imijovo.
- Ukwelashwa Ngama-hormone: Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza zithinteka ama-hormone. Kulezi zimo zomdlavuza, kunikezwa imithi evimba ukusebenza kwalawo ma-hormone.
- Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe: Lezi izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha. Le mithi ihlose amaprotheni noma izakhi zofuzo ezithile ezisiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuba akhule futhi awavimbe ekusebenzeni kwawo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Naka umzimba wakho: Uma ubona noma yiziphi izigaxa ezingavamile, ubuhlungu, noma izinguquko emabeleni akho, ungazinaki. Ungesabi ukuzifihla.
- Zihlole: Zihlolele amabele okungenani kanye ngenyanga. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani.
- Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kusindisa izimpilo: Umdlavuza webele ungelapheka ngokuphelele uma utholakala kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukuhlolwa.
- Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha: Ungenzi izinqumo ngokusekelwe kulokho okufundayo ku-inthanethi noma okuzwayo. Uma unokungabaza, bona udokotela ofanelekayo ngokushesha.
- Awuwedwa: Kunodokotela, umndeni, nabangani abangakusiza futhi bakukhuthaze kulolu hambo. Ukuhlala unethemba futhi uqinile nakho kubaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni yokwelashwa.
Umdlavuza webele, umdlavuza webele i-sinhala , i-piyayuru pilika, izimpawu zomdlavuza, i-piyayuru pilika lakshana, izimbangela zomdlavuza webele, i-mammogram, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, impilo yabesifazane
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