Igama elithi "umdlavuza" lisesabisa sonke kancane, akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, esizokhuluma ngawo, zingalapheka cishe ngokuphelele uma zitholakala kusenesikhathi ? Abantu abaningi banamahloni noma besaba ukukhuluma ngezinguquko emikhubeni yabo yokugeza, noma ngegazi elisesihlalweni sabo. Kodwa ukubeka eceleni lokho kuhlazeka nokwesaba nokukhuluma nodokotela kungaba yisizathu sokusindisa impilo yakho. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokusobala nangokulula namuhla.
Uyini umdlavuza we-colorectal?
Kalula nje, ngaphakathi esiswini sethu kukhona uhlelo olude olufana nethubhu olugaya ukudla esikudlayo bese lukukhipha emzimbeni njengokungcola. Lo mdlavuza uvela engxenyeni yesibili yalokhu, okungukuthi, emathunjini amakhulu (abizwa nangokuthi 'ikholoni') kanye ne-rectum ('i-rectum'). Ngezinye izikhathi kwakheka ukukhula okuncane, okunenyama odongeni lwangaphakathi lwale thubhu. Ngokwezokwelapha sibiza la ma-polyp ngokuthi 'ama-Polyps'.
Cabanga nje, umuntu oyedwa kwabane abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 angase abe ne-polyp eyodwa okungenani. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, akuwona wonke la ma-polyp anomdlavuza. Iningi lawo alinangozi. Kodwa-ke, ezinye zalezi zinhlobo, ikakhulukazi uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi ama-polyp adenomatous, zingaphenduka umdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Uma i-polyp inkulu, kulapho ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza iba nkulu khona. Isibonelo, i-polyp encane kunesentimitha eli-1 inethuba elingu-1% lokuba nomdlavuza, kuyilapho i-polyp enkulu kunesentimitha eli-2 inethuba elingu-40% lokuba nomdlavuza.
Nansi into ebalulekile: Uma lo mdlavuza utholakala futhi welashwa kusenesikhathi, lapho isimila sisavalelwe odongeni lwamathumbu , amathuba okwelashwa okuphelele aphezulu afinyelela ku-90%. Lokho kusho ukuthi abantu abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi bazokwelashwa!
Kodwa uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka, la maseli omdlavuza angaphula udonga lwamathumbu futhi asakazeke kuwo wonke umzimba aye kuma-lymph node aseduze, kwezinye izicubu, ezithweni ezifana nesibindi, noma egazini. Uma esesakazekile, ukwelashwa kuba nzima kakhulu. Kuye ngobukhulu besifo, amathuba okusinda angancipha kusuka ku-11% kuya ku-72%.
Yiziphi izinto ezingabangela umdlavuza?
Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lena ukuphela kwembangela yalo mdlavuza, odokotela bathole izici eziningana eziyingozi ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isici Sengozi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Ingozi iyanda kakhulu ngemva kweminyaka engu-50. Ingozi iyanda njengoba ukhula. |
| Umlando Womndeni | Uma omunye wezihlobo zakho eziseduze (umama, ubaba, umfowenu noma ingane) enalo mdlavuza, nawe usengozini enkulu. Uma izihlobo eziningana sezike zaba nawo, ingozi inkulu nakakhulu. |
| Ezinye Izifo | Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho wake waba nama-polyp noma umdlavuza wamathumbu esikhathini esidlule, noma uma unesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (i-ulcerative colitis) noma isifo sikaCrohn, ingozi yakho iphakeme. |
| Izimo zofuzo ezidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane (i-Heredity) | Abanye abantu banesifo esibangelwa yizakhi zofuzo. Abantu abanezimo ezifana ne -Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) bahlakulela inani elikhulu lama-polyp besebancane kakhulu. Laba bantu basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuthola umdlavuza. |
| Ukudla | Ucwaningo lusaqhubeka ngalokhu. Kodwa-ke, abantu abadla imifino nezithelo eziningi babonakala benengozi encane. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi abantu abadla amafutha amaningi ezilwane namaprotheni, ikakhulukazi inyama ebomvu (inyama yenkomo, ingulube), basengozini enkulu. Kukhona futhi inkolelo yokuthi izinto ezibangela umdlavuza zingakheka, ikakhulukazi uma ziphekwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (isb., ziyosiwe). |
| Indlela Yokuphila | Ukubhema nokuphuza iziphuzo ezidakayo ezingaphezu kwezine ngesonto nakho kwandisa ingozi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwesikhathi Esidlule kanye Nokushiswa Kwemisebe | Uma uke waba nalo mdlavuza ngaphambili (ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-60), kunengozi yokuthi ubuye futhi. Futhi, uma uke welashwa ngemisebe esiswini, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza kuleyo ndawo inganda. |
Beka ihlazo lakho eceleni bese ubonana nodokotela.
Umyalezo obaluleke kakhulu enginawo kuwe ofunda lesi sihloko yilo: Uma ubona ushintsho olusheshayo emikhubeni yakho yokuthulula isisu (isib., ukunyakaza njalo kokuthulula isisu, ukuqunjelwa, noma ushintsho ezikhathini zokuthulula isisu), igazi esitulweni sakho, ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu besisu obuvamile, noma ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki, sicela ungakushayi indiva.
Ungacabangi ukuthi, "O, ungamtshela kanjani udokotela lokhu?" Udokotela wakho ungumuntu okhuluma neziguli ngalezi zinto nsuku zonke futhi azelapha. Kuyingxenye yomsebenzi wakhe. Ukuphila kwakho kubaluleke kakhulu kunehlazo lakho.
Uma uya uyobonisa udokotela lokhu kusenesikhathi, mhlawumbe ukuhlolwa okulula (njengokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy) kungathola into efana ne-polyp bese kuyisusa, kuvimbele inkinga enkulu. Ngakho ungesabi noma ube namahloni okubona udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umdlavuza we-Colorectal uvame ukuqala ngezimila ezincane, ezinenyama ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-polyps.
- Ukutholwa nokususwa kwala ma-polyp kusenesikhathi kungavimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungakhuli.
- Ingozi yokuthola lo mdlavuza ikhula kakhulu ngemva kweminyaka engu-50.
- Ukudla kwakho, indlela ophila ngayo (ukubhema/utshwala), kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho kuyizinto eziyingozi kakhulu.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, njengokushintsha kwemikhuba yokugeza noma ukuphuma kwegazi esitulweni sakho, ungabi namahloni futhi ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Khumbula, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kungasindisa izimpilo!
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