Uma sikhuluma ngomdlavuza, sivame ukuzwa ngomdlavuza webele, wamaphaphu, noma wamathumbu amakhulu. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi umdlavuza ungavela nasemathunjini ethu amancane? Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esingavamile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusiqaphela. Ngoba ukuba nolwazi nganoma yisiphi isifo kuwusizo olukhulu ekuzivikeleni kuso nasekusiqapheleni ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngomdlavuza wamathumbu amancane ngendlela elula.
Uyini ngempela umdlavuza wamathumbu amancane?
Kalula nje, umdlavuza wamathumbu amancane ulapho amangqamuzana asemathunjini ethu amancane eshintsha khona futhi eqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki. Lawa maseli ahlukanisa ngokungalawuleki angakhula ndawonye ukuze akhe iqhubu, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi isimila .
Uyazi, amathumbu ethu amancane yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu exhumanisa isisu namathumbu amakhulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokugaya ukudla esikudlayo nokumunca amafutha, amavithamini, nazo zonke ezinye izakhamzimba umzimba ozidingayo. Ngakho-ke uma lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvela, amathumbu amancane angase avinjwe yi-tumor eqalayo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalo mdlavuza?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza wamathumbu amancane. Akuzona zonke ezifanayo. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko. Nakuba la magama engase abonakale eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kubalulekile ukuwagcina elula.
| Igama lohlobo lomdlavuza | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Adenocarcinomas | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luqala olwelwesini lwamathumbu amancane. Luqala njengokukhula okuncane okungenawo umdlavuza (i-polyp) futhi ekugcineni lungaba umdlavuza. |
| I-Sarcoma | Lawa maseli omdlavuza akhula ezicutshini ezithambile zamathumbu amancane. |
| Izimila ze-carcinoid | Lezi uhlobo lomdlavuza olukhula ngokushesha kakhulu. Ngokuvamile luqala engxenyeni engezansi yamathumbu amancane. Lezi zimila zingabangela umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize amakhemikhali amaningi njenge-serotonin. |
| Izimila Zesisu (GISTs) | Lolu futhi uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile. Ingxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yalokhu iqala esiswini. Akuzona zonke izimila ze-GIST eziba umdlavuza. |
| Ama-lymphoma amathumbu | I-Lymphoma umdlavuza oqala kuma-lymph node. Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka basengozini enkulu yokuthola lolu hlobo lomdlavuza. |
Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zalesi simo?
Odokotela abakwazi ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yini ebangela lo mdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, bathole izici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo.
- Ubudala: Ingozi iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Isilinganiso sobudala bokuxilongwa sicishe sibe yiminyaka engama-60.
- Ubulili: Amadoda asengozini enkulu kancane kunabesifazane.
- Izimbangela zofuzo: Ezinye izimo zofuzo ezizuzwe njengefa zingandisa ingozi.
- Ukubhema notshwala: Yomibili le mikhuba yandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
- Ukudla: Abantu abavame ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi basengozini enkulu.
- Amakhemikhali: Ukuhlala noma ukusebenza endaweni enamazinga aphezulu amakhemikhali athile, njenge-phenoxyacetic acid.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Ingozi yakho iphakeme uma unezinye izimo zamathumbu, njengesifo sikaCrohn, umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, noma isifo se-celiac.
- Izinkinga zesistimu ye-lymphatic: Ukulimala kwemithambo ye-lymph (i-lymphedema) nakho kungandisa ingozi.
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele?
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi unalezi zimpawu, akufanele wesabe ukuthi umdlavuza ngempela. Lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa ezinye izizathu ezilula. Kodwa-ke, uma into efana nale iqhubeka, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu bese uyahlolwa.
- Ubuhlungu noma ukuqaqamba phakathi kwesisu.
- Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala.
- Isigaxa noma ukuvuvukala esiswini okungazwakala ngesandla .
- Igazi elisesihlahleni . Leli gazi lingase libonakale limnyama noma libomvu.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kungumdlavuza?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzokuxilonga ngokucophelela, akubuze ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nezinkinga zakho zamanje, bese encoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Incazelo emfushane |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe | Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-X-ray, i-CT scan, kanye ne-MRI kuthatha izithombe zamathumbu amancane ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini isimila nokuthi ngabe sisabalele yini. |
| I-Endoscopy | Kufakwa ipayipi elincane elinekhamera ngomlomo wakho bese kuhlolwa ingaphakathi lomphimbo wakho, isisu, kanye nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho amancane. Uzonikezwa umuthi wokukwenza ulale, ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu phakathi nale nqubo. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa amazinga ezinto ezithile ezikhiqizwa emzimbeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izivivinyo zokusebenza kwesibindi. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungabonakali kwendle | Lokhu kungabona ukuthi kukhona yini igazi elifihliwe esitulweni elingabonakali ngamehlo enyama. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji | Kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu esigaxeni noma e-lymph node bese kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparotomy | Lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Basika udonga lwesisu bese behlola ingaphakathi ukuze bathole ulwazi ngalesi sifo. |
Wenzani njengokwelashwa?
Ukwelashwa okunconywa udokotela wakho kuncike ezintweni eziningana, njengohlobo lomdlavuza onawo nokuthi ususakazeke kangakanani (isigaba).
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuvame kakhulu ukuhlinzwa . Udokotela ohlinzayo angase asuse ingxenye yamathumbu amancane equkethe umdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isimila singenakususwa ngokuphelele, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass kungenziwa ukuze kugwenywe isimila futhi kuvunyelwe ukudla ukuthi kudlule.
Ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukuze kubulawe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele. Unganikwa futhi i-chemotherapy . Lawa angathathwa njengamaphilisi noma anikezwe ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Le mithi ibulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma iwavimbe ekukhuleni kwawo.
Okwamanje kunezivivinyo zemitholampilo eziqhubekayo zokwelapha okusha kwalesi sifo. Uma unesithakazelo, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ungahlanganyela yini esivivinyweni esinjalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umdlavuza wamathumbu amancane uyisimo esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki, ubuhlungu besisu, noma igazi esitulweni sakho, ungazinaki. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Izinto ezifana nokudla okunempilo, ukugwema ukubhema, nokuphuza utshwala kusiza empilweni iyonke futhi kunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
- Izindlela zokwelapha (ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, i-radiation) ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesiguli. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakweluleka ngaye.
- Njenganoma yisiphi isifo, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kuyindlela enhle yokuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ngakho-ke qaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko emzimbeni wakho.
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