Sonke siyasaba kancane uma sizwa amagama athi “ umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, ” akunjalo? Kodwa lokho abantu abaningi abangakwazi ukuthi lo mdlavuza awuvami ukuvela ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kunalokho, ngaphambi kokuba ube umdlavuza, izinguquko ezithile ziyavela emathunjini ethu amakhulu. Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi uma singazibona lezi “zimo ezingaphambi komdlavuza ” kusenesikhathi, sinethuba lokuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungaveli. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalezi zixwayiso esizinikwayo ngaphambi kokuba lesi sifo esiyingozi sifike.
Yiziphi izimo ezandulela lo mdlavuza?
Kalula nje, lokhu ukukhula kwamangqamuzana okungajwayelekile okwakheka ezindongeni zekholoni yethu. Lokhu akukona okwamanje umdlavuza, kodwa kungaphenduka umdlavuza uma kungelashwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kunezimo eziningana eziyinhloko phakathi kwazo. Ake sibheke ngasinye.
1. Ama-Adenomatous Polyps: Ingozi Evame Kakhulu
Cishe uke wezwa igama elithi " ama-polyp ." Lawa amahlumela amancane akheka odongeni lwangaphakathi lwekholoni. Afana nensumpa esikhumbeni, njengensumpa. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-polyp, kodwa uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-adenomatous yilona olunengozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi la ma-polyp angase angakhombisi zimpawu zangaphandle. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kubaluleke kangaka.
Zitholakala futhi zelashwa kanjani lezi zifo?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola la ma-polyp ukusebenzisa i-colonoscopy.Ukuhlolwa. Kulokhu, udokotela uhlola wonke amathumbu amakhulu esebenzisa ithubhu elincane elifakwe ikhamera (i-scope) elifakwe nge-anus. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabona ngokucacile izinto ezifana nama-polyps.
Ukwelashwa kungokulandelayo:
- Ukususwa kwama-polyp: Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma ama-polyp etholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-colonoscopy, angasikwa futhi asuswe ngokushesha. Lokhu akudingi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu.
- Ukuthumela elabhorethri: I-polyp esusiwe ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyi-adenomatous noma olunye uhlobo olungenangozi.
- Ukuhlolwa kabusha : Uma kutholakala i-polyp eyodwa, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma i-colonoscopy ephelele ukuze ahlole okunye. Ngemva kwalokho, kuvame ukunconywa ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okulandelayo eminyakeni eyi-1 kuya kwemi-3 , ngemva kokuba i-colon “ihlanzekile” ngokuphelele. Uma imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa iqhubeka nokuba ne-positive, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uzolwenza nini ukuhlolwa kwakho okulandelayo.
2. I-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
Lesi yisimo esihlukile kancane, futhi esibucayi kakhulu. I-FAP yisimo esizuzwa njengefa, noma esibangelwa ufuzo. Umuntu onalesi simo uba namakhulu, uma kungezona izinkulungwane, zama-polyp emathunjini akhe.
Cabanga nje, lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kangangokuthi uma umuntu one-FAP eshiywa engelashwa, amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu eneminyaka engu-40 acishe abe yi-100%.
Ngakho-ke, uma i-FAP itholakala, nakanjani izodinga ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Izinqubo zokuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa kwalokhu kubhalwe kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isimo sesiguli | Indlela yokwelashwa kanye nokuhlinzwa |
|---|---|
| Uma kungekho ama-polyps ku-rectum | Ukususwa kwe-colectomy okuphelele: Ingxenye enkulu yamathumbu amancane isuswa ngokuhlinzwa, bese ingxenye yamathumbu amancane (ileum) ixhunyaniswa kabusha ne-rectum. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, i-rectum ihlolwa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6 (proctoscopy). |
| Uma unama-polyps e-rectal noma ungafuni ukuthatha ingozi yomdlavuza | I-Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: Kokubili amathumbu amakhulu kanye ne-rectum kuyasuswa. Bese kuba khona isikhwama esincane esivela emathunjini amancane bese sixhunyaniswa ekugcineni kwe-rectum. Lokhu kuvumela isiguli ukuthi siqhubeke nokuhamba kwamathumbu okuvamile. |
3. Isifo Sokuvuvukala Kwamathumbu (IBD)
I-IBD ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu okungapheli . Izibonelo zalokhu izifo ezifana ne -ulcerative colitis . Uma amathumbu evuvukala isikhathi eside, kunengozi yokuthi amangqamuzana kulezo zingxenye azoshintsha abe ngumdlavuza .
Uphatha kanjani umuntu one-IBD?
- Ukuhlolwa okuvamile: Abantu abane-IBD kufanele benze ama-colonoscopy njalo ukuze bahlole izimpawu zomdlavuza. Lokhu kungasiza ekubambeni noma yiziphi izinguquko kusenesikhathi.
- Ukususwa Kwesisu Okungalapheki: Ezinye iziguli zinquma ukususa ikholoni ngokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza uvele, kunokulinda ukuthi uvele. Nalapha futhi, ukuhlinzwa kwe-"ileal pouch-anal anastomosis" okukhulunywe ngakho ngaphambilini kungenziwa ukuze kulondolozwe izinga lempilo elihle.
Konke lokhu kwenza kucace ukuthi umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu awuyona into eyenzeka ngobusuku obubodwa. Umzimba wethu usinika izimpawu ezahlukene ngaphambi kokuba uvele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi siyazi ngalezo zimpawu, sibone udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi sithole izivivinyo nokwelashwa okudingekayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Iningi lomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu liqala njengezimo ezingelapheka, ezingezona ezomdlavuza (izimo ezingaphambi komdlavuza).
- Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-colonoscopy kungazibona lezi zimo kusenesikhathi futhi kuzisuse ngaphambi kokuba zibe umdlavuza. Uma udokotela wakho ekuncoma, ungayeki lezi zivivinyo.
- Uma kukhona emndenini wakho oke waba nezimo ezifana nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, ama-polyps, noma i-FAP, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuhloleni ubungozi bakho.
- Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu ungavinjelwa cishe ngokuphelele ngokutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, qaphela.
Umdlavuza Wamathumbu Amancane, Izimo Ezingaphambi Komdlavuza, Ama-Polyps Adenomatous, I-Colonoscopy, I-FAP, I- Familial Adenomatous Polyposis , I-IBD, Isifo Samathumbu Esivuvukalayo, Ukuhlinzwa
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