Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kanye nomphimbo obuhlungu yizifo ezivamile esivame ukuzithola. Sonke siyazi ukungakhululeki kwekhala elivalekile, impumulo egobhozayo, kanye nomphimbo obuhlungu. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho ukutheleleka kungena ohlelweni lwethu lokuphefumula oluphezulu. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukutheleleka kokuphefumula okuphezulu, noma ngesiNgisi, 'Upper Respiratory Infection', noma i-URI ngamafuphi. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngamagama alula namuhla.
Kuyini ngempela ukutheleleka kokuphefumula okuphezulu (i-URI)?
Kalula nje, i-URI ukutheleleka okubangelwa igciwane noma amagciwane angena endleleni yakho yokuphefumula ephezulu, okuhlanganisa ikhala lakho, ama-sinuses, nomphimbo .
Cabanga ngomkhuhlane ovamile. Leso yisibonelo esihle kakhulu salokhu. Kuyi-URI ebangelwa yigciwane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kutheleleka kungabangelwa namagciwane. Isibonelo, i-strep throat, okuyigciwane lomphimbo, ibangelwa amagciwane. Futhi kukhona amanye amagciwane, njenge-influenza (umkhuhlane), i-COVID-19, kanye ne-RSV, angathinta izingxenye eziphezulu nezingezansi zesistimu yethu yokuphefumula (amaphaphu).
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zalokhu?
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zincike ekutheni isifo sitholakala kuphi nokuthi yini esibangele. Isibonelo, izimpawu zingase zihluke kuye ngokuthi isifo sitholakala kuphi (pharyngitis) noma ukuthi sitholakala kuphi (laryngitis).
Ngezansi kunezinye zezimpawu ezivamile ezingabonakala.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo encane |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Ukuzizwa ushisa. |
| Umphimbo obuhlungu | Umphimbo obuhlungu, ukulunywa, ubuhlungu lapho ugwinya. |
| Ukukhwehlela | Ukukhwehlela noma ngabe kukhona noma cha i-phlegm. |
| Impumulo egobhozayo noma impumulo evalekile | Lokhu kuyinto wonke umuntu ayaziyo. |
| Ukuthimula | Ukuthimula njalo. |
| Ukuhosha kwezwi | Izwi lishintshile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukungakwazi ukukhuluma. |
| Ukuzizwa ukhathele | Ukuzizwa ungenamandla futhi ungakwazi ukwenza lutho. |
| Ubuhlungu bobuso | Ukuzwa ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi eduze kwekhala, ngaphansi kwamehlo, kanye nasebunzini. |
| Ukuphefumula | Umsindo omncane wokushaya ikhwela ovela esifubeni lapho uphefumula. |
| Ukuvuvukala kweqakala | Ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node ezinhlangothini zombili zentamo. |
Kungani sithola lezi zifo?
Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu zibangelwa amagciwane , kodwa njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, zingabangelwa namagciwane futhi ngezinye izikhathi isikhunta.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko:
- Amagciwane abangela umkhuhlane ovamile
- Igciwane le-Influenza A ne-B (umkhuhlane)
- Igciwane le-SARS-CoV-2 (i-COVID-19)
- Igciwane Lokuphefumula Elihambisana Nokuphefumula (RSV)
- Amabhaktheriya afana ne-Streptococcus
- Ibhaktheriya iHaemophilus influenzae
- Ibhaktheriya iMoraxella catarrhalis
- Isikhunta esifana ne-Aspergillus (lezi azivamile kakhulu)
Ingabe lesi sifo siyathelelana?
Yebo, nakanjani.Amagciwane namagciwane abangela la ma-URI angasakazeka kalula kakhulu esuka kumuntu eya komunye. Ake sibone ukuthi kanjani:
- Ngamaconsi okuphefumula: Ngamaconsi amancane amathe akhishwa emlonyeni nasekhaleni lomuntu onegciwane lapho ekhwehlela, ethimula, noma ekhuluma.
- Ngokwabelana ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo: Ngokwabelana ngezinto ezifana nezinkomishi, amabhodlela amanzi, izinto zokusanhlamvu, njll. nomuntu onegciwane.
- Ngokuthinta izindawo ezingcoliswe amagciwane: Izibambo zeminyango, izinkinobho zokukhanyisa, amafoni, namathoyizi kungangcoliswa amagciwane. Uma uzithinta bese uthinta ikhala lakho, umlomo, noma amehlo ngesandla esifanayo, ungangenwa yigciwane.
Kodwa khumbula, izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu ezibangelwa yi-fungus azivamile ukudluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye.
Ingabe lokhu kungabanga izinkinga eziyingozi?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-URI, njengomkhuhlane ovamile, ayivamile ukubangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zifo zingasakazekela emaphashini, okubangela izimo ezifana ne -pneumonia . Futhi uma zingelashwa, izifo, ikakhulukazi amagciwane noma isikhunta, zingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okubangela izimo ezingathi sína kakhulu ezifana nalezi:
- I-Meningitis
- Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic
- Umkhuhlane obomvu
- Ushevu wegazi (i-Sepsis)
- Ukulimala kwesitho somzimba
Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala, noma ungumntwana osanda kuzalwa, usengozini enkulu yokuthola lezi zinkinga.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Esikhathini esiningi, i-URI elula izolulama ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezithile lapho kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ake sibheke kabanzi ukuthi ziyini lezo zimo.
| Uzobona nini udokotela wakho | |
|---|---|
| Uma izimpawu zinzima | Uma kuzwakala kubi kakhulu kunomkhuhlane ovamile, uma ukhathele kakhulu ukwenza ngisho nemisebenzi yansuku zonke. |
| Uma kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili | Ukutheleleka okujwayelekile kwegciwane kuzophola ngemva kwesonto elilodwa noma amabili. Noma yini ehlala isikhathi eside kunalokho ingasho ukuthi ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya noma enye inkinga yezempilo. |
| Uma kwenzeka njalo | Uma lezi zinhlobo zokutheleleka ziqhubeka nokuvela isikhathi esingangezinyanga eziningana, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini esinye isizathu esiyisisekelo. |
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, hamba uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha. | |
| Umkhuhlane ophezulu | Uma umkhuhlane ungaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-40 (103 Fahrenheit). |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma uzizwa sengathi uyacinana. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Uma isifuba sakho sizwakala siqinile noma sibuhlungu. |
| Imisindo engavamile lapho uphefumula | Uma kukhona ukuphefumula noma i-stridor. |
| Isiyezi noma ikhanda elibuthakathaka | Uma uzizwa unesiyezi , udidekile, noma ushintshe umqondo. |
| Ukuhoxiswa | Uma isikhumba esiphakathi kwezimbambo zesifuba sidonsela ngaphakathi lapho uphefumula, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokucindezeleka okukhulu kokuphefumula. |
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kwalokhu kuncike embangela yokutheleleka.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane:Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwama-URI abangelwa amagciwane, njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi uziphilise ngokwawo ngesimiso sawo sokuzivikela komzimba. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuphumula ngokwanele, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi . Izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba zingelashwa ngemithi efana ne-paracetamol. Lokhu kuvame ukuxazululeka phakathi nesonto noma amabili.
- Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Uma unesifo esibangelwa amagciwane, njengokutheleleka kwe-strep throat, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic .
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-antibiotic awasebenzi ekuthelelekeni ngegciwane . Ngakho-ke, ungazisebenzisi ama-antibiotic wedwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela. Ukwenza kanjalo kuzodala imiphumela emibi emzimbeni futhi kungaholela ekumelaneni nama-antibiotic, okuzovimbela umuthi ukuthi usebenze kahle esikhathini esizayo. Uma udokotela ekunike ama-antibiotic, kufanele uwasebenzise izinsuku eziphelele ozinikiwe, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono.
Ungazigwema kanjani lezi zifo?
Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula esingazenza ukuze sihlale siphephile kulezi zifo.
- Thola imijovo enconywayo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugonyelwa izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye ne-COVID-19.
- Geza izandla zakho kahle njalo: Zenze umkhuba ukugeza izandla zakho ngensipho okungenani imizuzwana engama-20.
- Sebenzisa isibulali-magciwane: Gcina izinto ezivame ukuthintwa njengezibambo zomnyango, izibani, kanye namafoni kuhlanzekile.
- Ungabelani ngokudla neziphuzo: sebenzisa izinkomishi zakho, izitsha kanye namafoloko.
- Uma ugula, gqoka imaski: Uma unomkhuhlane, ukugqoka imaski uma uphakathi kwabanye abantu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izifo eziningi zokuphefumula eziphezulu (ama-URI) zibangelwa amagciwane, njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Ngokuvamile azibi zimbi kakhulu futhi ziyazixazulula ngokwazo ngokuphumula noketshezi.
- Ama-antibiotic asebenza kuphela ekulweni nokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Awanawo umthelela kuma-virus. Ngakho-ke, wasebenzise kuphela uma unikezwe udokotela.
- Uma unezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, umkhuhlane ophakeme, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukudideka, ungangabazi ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Imikhuba elula yokuhlanzeka njengokugeza izandla njalo ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwalezi zinhlobo zezifo.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho