Ukuhlolwa komchamo okulula ukuhlola impilo yezinso: i-uACR (Isilinganiso se-Urine Albumin-Creatinine)

Ingabe unesifo esifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme? Noma ingabe kukhona emndenini wakho onesifo sezinso? Khona-ke udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukucele ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa komchamo okubizwa ngokuthi "uACR." Ukuzwa lelo gama kungase kukwesabise kancane, "Luhlobo luni lokuhlolwa olukhulu lolu?" Kodwa asikho isidingo sokwesaba. Lokhu ukuhlolwa komchamo okulula kakhulu okungasitshela ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yezinso zakho. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula kakhulu.

Iyini i-Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio (uACR)?

Leli gama lide kancane, ngakho ake silibize ngokuthi i-uACR. Lokhu ukuhlolwa komchamo. Ngokuyisisekelo kulinganisa isilinganiso sezinto ezibizwa ngokuthi i-albumin kanye ne-creatinine emchameni wakho. Manje ungase uzibuze, "Ziyini lezi-albumin kanye ne-creatinine?"

Ake siqonde kalula.

• I-Albumin: Lena iphrotheni ebaluleke kakhulu egazini lethu. Ifana nesivikelo esiza ukugcina izinto ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu. Yenziwa yisibindi sethu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Albumin ukuvimba uketshezi ukuthi lungaphumi emithanjeni yegazi. Iphinde isize ukuthutha izinto ezifana namavithamini, ama-enzyme, nama-hormone emzimbeni wonke.

• I-Creatinine: Lona umkhiqizo ongcolile okhiqizwa lapho imisipha yethu isebenza. Imisipha yethu isebenzisa amandla ukuze ifinyele futhi yelule. I-Creatinine umkhiqizo ongcolile okhiqizwa lapho lawo mandla esetshenziswa. Lokhu kube sekufakwa egazini.

Manje bheka ukuthi kwenzekani ngezinso ezimbili eziphilile. Izinso zakho zifana nezihlungi ezimbili ezinkulu. Zona:

1. I-Albumin , iphrotheni eyigugu egazini, igcinwa emzimbeni esikhundleni sokukhishwa emchameni.

2. Udoti ongafunwa obizwa ngokuthi i-creatinine egazini uyahlungwa kahle bese ukhishwa emzimbeni ngomchamo.

Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona umonakalo ezinso, izimbobo kulesi sihlungi ziba zinkulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-albumin okufanele igcinwe emzimbeni iqala ukuphuma nomchamo ngamanani amancane. Futhi, i-creatinine okufanele ikhishwe ingase ihlale emzimbeni. Yilokhu kungalingani esikulinganisa ngokuhlolwa kwe-uACR.

Ubani ocelwa ukuthi abhale lolu vivinyo lwe-uACR?

Udokotela uvame uku-oda lolu vivinyo uma ekhathazekile ngempilo yezinso zakho, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:

• Isifo Sikashukela: Abantu abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu yokulimala kwezinso. Ngakho-ke, abantu abanesifo sikashukela bayalulekwa ukuba benze lokhu kuhlolwa njalo.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (Umfutho wegazi ophakeme): Uma umfutho wegazi ungalawulwa isikhathi eside, ungalimaza imithambo yegazi ethambile ezinso.
• Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD): Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuqapha isimo somuntu osevele enesifo sezinso.
• Isifo senhliziyo
• I-cirrhosis yesibindi

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlolwa kunganconywa ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlola ingozi yezinso uma i-Body Mass Index (BMI) yakho ingaphezu kuka-30 (ukhuluphele ngokweqile) , ubhema , noma ungaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 ubudala .

Lolu vivinyo lwe-uACR lwenziwa kanjani?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuqoqa lesi sampula somchamo. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ingabe kukhona izinto okudingeka ngizilungiselele ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?

Yebo, ukuze uthole umphumela ofanele, udinga ukunakekela izinto ezimbalwa ezincane.

• Phuza amanzi amaningi: Njengoba udinga umchamo owanele ukuze unikeze isampula, phuza amanzi amaningi njengokujwayelekile kusukela ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlolwa.
• Gwema ukuzivocavoca okunzima: Gwema ukuzivocavoca okunzima njengokugijima, ukugxuma, noma ukuphakamisa izinsimbi okungenani amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuzivocavoca okunzima kungandisa okwesikhashana inani le-albumin emchameni.
• Nciphisa ukudla inyama: Gwema ukudla inyama okungenani amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ukudla inyama kungashintsha okwesikhashana amazinga e-creatinine.

Futhi, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho, njengoba lezi zinto zingathinta imiphumela.

• Uma usesikhathini noma uphuma igazi ngenxa yama-hemorrhoids.
• Uma unesifo esifana ne -Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) , umkhuhlane , ukutheleleka kwezinsini (Periodontitis) , noma i-viral hepatitis .

Uma kukhona igazi noma amagciwane emchameni ngalesi sikhathi, imiphumela ingase ibe yiphutha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela ngalokhu kusenesikhathi.

Uyithatha kanjani isampula yomchamo?

Imiyalelo ingahluka kancane kuye ngelabhorethri, kodwa ngokuvamile isebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi "Clean Catch." Lokhu kuyinto eyenziwa ukuvimbela ukwengezwa kwamagciwane ngaphandle kwesampula. Ilabhorethri izokunikeza inkomishi yesampula kanye nama-wipes ahlanzekile.

Nakhu okufanele ukwenze:

1. Okokuqala, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho.

2. Hlanza indawo ezungeze izitho zakho zangasese (lapho umchamo uphuma khona) kahle ngendwangu yokusula ehlanzekile enikeziwe.

3. Qala ukuchama bese ukhipha umchamo wokuqala ophuma uye endlini yangasese.

4. Yeka ukuchama phakathi nendawo bese ubamba inkomishi yesampula eduze kwe-urethra.

5. Chama kuze kube yilapho inkomishi isigcwele cishe ingxenye noma kuze kube yilapho kufinyelelwa ezingeni eliboniswe yilebhu.

6. Bese ususa inkomishi bese ufaka umchamo osele endlini yangasese.

7. Vala umlomo wendebe ngokuqinile bese uyinika umuntu osegumbini lokuhlola.

Nakuba le ndlela ingase ibonakale inzima kancane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imiphumela enembile kakhulu.

Ithini imiphumela?

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-uACR inikezwa ngama-milligram/gram (mg/g). Into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapha ukuthi uma inani le-uACR liphansi, kuba ngcono kakhulu .

Iyini inani elijwayelekile le-uACR?

• Inani elingaphansi kuka-30 mg/g libhekwa njengezinga elijwayelekile.
• Lokhu kusho ukuthi usengozini encane kakhulu yokwehluleka kwezinso, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi.
• Ngokuvamile, udokotela angase akucele ukuthi uphinde ukuhlolwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuze aqinisekise umphumela.

Kuthiwani uma inani le-uACR liphakeme kunejwayelekile?

Uma imiphumela ingajwayelekile, kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

Uma imiphumela yakho ye-uACR ingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho uzoqala enze olunye uhlolo ukuze aluqinisekise. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangase batuse ezinye izivivinyo ezimbalwa ukuze bahlole kabanzi isimo sezinso zakho.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-eGFR (Isilinganiso Sokuhlunga Esilinganiselwe se-Glomerular): Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okukala ukuthi izinso zihlunga kahle kangakanani igazi.
• I-Kidney Ultrasound Scan: Lokhu kungahlola usayizi, ukuma, kanye nokuba khona kwanoma yiziphi izimila noma ukuvaleka kwezinso.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezinso: Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu ezinso bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Kungemva kwalezi zivivinyo kuphela lapho udokotela angafinyelela khona esiphethweni esinembile ngesimo sakho futhi anqume ukuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa okudingayo.

Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu okufanele zibangele ukuvakashela udokotela?

Ngaphezu kwemiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwe-uACR, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lezi zingase zibe izimpawu zesifo sezinso.

• Izinguquko endleleni yokuchama (ukuchama kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, umchamo onegwebu, igazi emchameni - i-Hematuria ).
• Isikhumba esomile, ukulunywa, noma ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu njalo.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezandla, izinyawo, noma amaqakala ( i-edema ).

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma uthola ukuthi izinso zakho azisebenzi kahle. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, buza udokotela wakho yonke imibuzo onayo. Uma kudingeka, hamba nelungu lomndeni noma umngane oseduze nawe. Bangakusiza ukuthi uqonde futhi ukhumbule lokho abakutshela kona.