Ingabe umuntu omdala emndenini wakho, mhlawumbe umama wakho, ubaba, noma ugogo, umkhulu, uhamba ibanga elincane ahlale phansi isikhashana, ethi, "O, imilenze yami iyabuhlungu, ngizizwa sengathi ngiyahlanya"? Noma ingabe unemithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi emilenzeni yakho? Lezi zinto empeleni zingabangelwa ezinye izinkinga ngohlelo lwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke kukhona odokotela abanakekela ngqo izifo ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi. Labo ngochwepheshe esibabiza ngokuthi uDokotela Wemithambo . Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ungubani uDokotela Wemithambo yegazi, ukuthi yiziphi izifo azelaphayo, nokuthi kufanele yini ubonane nodokotela onjalo.
Kalula nje, ungubani lo Dokotela Wemithambo Yemithambo?
Udokotela wemithambo yegazi ungudokotela ogxile ezifweni ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi, uhlelo lwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Laba odokotela baqeqeshwe ukuvimbela, ukuxilonga, nokwelapha izifo zale mithambo yegazi.
Cabanga nje ukuthi umzimba wethu uyidolobha elikhulu. Khona-ke lolu hlelo lwemithambo yegazi lufana nenethiwekhi yemigwaqo kulowo muzi. Eminye ifana nemigwaqo emikhulu, eminye ifana nemigwaqo emincane yasemakhaya. Kungale migwaqo lapho "izinto" ezibizwa ngokuthi umoya-mpilo kanye nokudla okunomsoco zithwalwa khona kuwo wonke amaseli nezicubu zomzimba, futhi "imfucuza" (izinto ezifana ne-carbon dioxide) ekhiqizwa lapho iyabuyiselwa. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ukuvaleka, ukuqhekeka, noma ukuqhekeka ndawana thize kule migwaqo, wonke umuzi uzophazamiseka, futhi uma kunenkinga ngemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, izothinta wonke umzimba.
"Unjiniyela" onakekela ngqo "uhlelo lwemigwaqo" unguDokotela Wemithambo Yemithambo.
Isimiso sethu semithambo yegazi sisebenza kanjani?
Kunezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko zalolu hlelo:
1. Imithambo yegazi: Lena yimithambo yegazi emikhulu ethwala igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba. Kufana kakhulu nohlelo oluyinhloko lokuphakelwa kwamanzi edolobheni.
2. Imithambo: Lena yimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elisetshenzisiwe, elingenawo umoya-mpilo, neligcwele udoti libuyele enhliziyweni lisuka kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba. Kufana nohlelo lokukhipha amanzi olususa amanzi asetshenzisiwe.
3. Ama-capillary: Lawa yimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu. Axhumanisa imithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi. Yilapho umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba kushintshaniswa khona phakathi kwamangqamuzana omzimba nalapho kuqoqwa khona imfucuza.
Udokotela wemithambo yegazi ugxila kulo lonke lolu hlelo.
Hlobo luni lwezifo eziphathwa yilaba odokotela?
Uhla lwezifo ezelashwa yi-Vascular Doctor lubanzi kakhulu. Ezinye zivamile, kanti ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi.
| Isimo | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Isifo Semithambo Engasogwini (i-PAD) | Imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi iye emilenzeni nasezingalweni ivaleka ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-cholesterol. Esinye sezimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu emilenzeni lapho uhamba. |
| I-Aneurysm | Udonga olubuthakathaka lomthambo wegazi oluvuvukala njengebhaluni. Lokhu kungenzeka emthanjeni oyinhloko esiswini (i-aorta). Uma lokhu kuphuka, kungaba yingozi empilweni. |
| Imithambo ye-Varicose | Ama-valve angaphakathi kwemithambo esemilenzeni aba buthakathaka, okubangela ukuba igazi lihlangane endaweni eyodwa esikhundleni sokugeleza libuyele enhliziyweni, okubangela ukuba imithambo ivuvuke futhi ibonakale iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma insomi. |
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Kwakha ihlule legazi emthanjeni ojulile emlenzeni. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emlenzeni. Uma leli hlule liqhuma bese liya emaphashini (pulmonary embolism), kungaba yingozi kakhulu. |
| Isifo Semithambo Ye-Carotid | Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-carotid, ethwala igazi lisuka ezinhlangothini zombili zentamo liye ebuchosheni, kuyimbangela enkulu yesifo sohlangothi. |
| I-atherosclerosis | I-cholesterol nezinye izinto zakhana ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi (i-plaque), okunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi umthambo emzimbeni. |
| I-Vasculitis | Ukuvuvukala kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungase kubangelwe inkinga ngesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. |
| Ukulungiselela imithambo yegazi ukuze ihlanzwe nge-dialysis kubantu abanenkinga yezinso | Uma izinso zingakwazi ukuhlanza igazi, kwakheka i-fistula yokuhlinzwa engalweni ukuze ixhunywe emshinini we-dialysis. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu, eziningi zalezi zifo zihlobene ngqo nomfutho wegazi ophakeme , isifo sikashukela , ukubhema kanye namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol .
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela wemithambo yegazi?
Ungase uzibuze, "Ingabe ngidinga ukubona udokotela onjengalona?" Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho womndeni (GP) uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe onjengalona. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zezimpawu noma izici eziyingozi ezilandelayo, kubalulekile ukunaka lokhu.
- Ubuhlungu bomlenze noma ubuhlungu bomhlane lapho uhamba: Uma uzwa ubuhlungu emilenzeni yakho, ikakhulukazi ezinqeni, uma uhamba ibanga elifushane futhi buphela ngemva kokuma isikhashana, kungaba uphawu lwe- PAD .
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze: Uma umlenze owodwa noma yomibili ivuvukele ngendlela engavamile, ikakhulukazi uma umlenze owodwa kuphela ubomvu futhi uvuvukele ngenxa yomuzwa ofudumele, kungaba uphawu lwe-blood clot (DVT) .
- Amanxeba angapholi: Uma amanxeba asemilenzeni, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni, ethatha isikhathi eside ukuphola, kungaba uphawu lokuthi igazi eliya kuleyo ndawo alanele.
- Ukushintsha kombala noma ukubanda kwemilenze: Uma imilenze izizwa ibanda kakhulu kunomzimba wonke, noma uma isikhumba semilenze siphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma sibe mhlophe.
- Imithambo Ye-Varicose: Uma unemithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/onsomi emilenzeni yakho ebukeka sengathi iboshwe ndawonye futhi ibangela ubuhlungu nomuzwa wokusinda emilenzeni yakho.
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma besifuba obungazelelwe: Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuqhuma kwe -aneurysm . Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esibi kakhulu futhi kufanele uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
Abantu abanezici eziyingozi:
Uma unesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ubhema, noma unomlando womndeni walezi zinhlobo zezifo zemithambo yegazi, usengozini enkulu kunezinye. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kukaDokotela Wezinhliziyo noDokotela Wemithambo Yegazi?
Lokhu kuyinto edida abantu abaningi.
- Udokotela wenhliziyo ungudokotela ogxile enhliziyweni . Welapha ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kanye nezifo zamavalvu enhliziyo.
- Udokotela wemithambo yegazi udokotela ogxila ohlelweni lwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wonke , ngaphandle kwenhliziyo. Lokho kusho konke kusukela emilenzeni, ezingalweni, esiswini, entanyeni, kuya emithanjeni ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni.
Kodwa lokhu okubili kuvame ukusebenza ndawonye. Ngoba inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kuyizinhlelo ezimbili ezixhumene. Isibonelo, uDokotela Wezinhliziyo ubheka ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi enikeza igazi enhliziyweni (i-Coronary Arteries), kanti uDokotela Wemithambo yegazi ubheka ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emilenzeni.
Yini ongayilindela uma uya kudokotela?
Uma uthunyelwa kudokotela wemithambo yegazi, uzoqala ngokukubuza umbuzo onemininingwane mayelana nezimpawu zakho.
- Yini inkinga yakho?
- Kwaqala nini?
- Ikhula ngasiphi isikhathi? Incipha kanjani?
Ngemuva kwalokho, bazobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nowomndeni wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ngezinye izifo onazo (isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi), imithi oyiphuzayo, ukuthi uyabhema yini, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho onalezi zifo.
Okulandelayo, udokotela uzokuxilonga ngokomzimba. Ngokuqondile,
- Bahlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo emilenzeni nasezingalweni zakho.
- Umbala, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokuvuvukala kwemilenze kuyahlolwa.
- Umfutho wegazi uyalinganiswa.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezizokwenziwa?
Ukuze ahlole isifo esiqondile, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi wenze izivivinyo ezithile.
- I-Vascular Ultrasound (Doppler Scan): Lolu uhlobo lokuhlolwa oluvame kakhulu. Lufana nokuskena kowesifazane okhulelwe. Alunabuhlungu. Lungabona ngokucacile ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani emithanjeni yakho, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukugoba kwegazi.
- I-Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI): Lokhu kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokuhlola. Balinganisa umfutho wegazi engalweni yakho nasemaqakaleni bese beqhathanisa lokhu okubili. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi kukhona yini ukugeleza kwegazi okunciphile emilenzeni yakho.
- I-Angiogram (CT/MR/Catheter): Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kufakwa idayi yokuhlukanisa emithanjeni yegazi, bese kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray, ama-CT, noma ama-MRI scan ukukhiqiza izithombe ezicacile zemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni indawo eqondile yokuvaleka.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okudingayo. Kungaba imithi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, noma ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa okuncane noma okukhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Udokotela wemithambo yegazi unguchwepheshe owelapha izifo ezihlobene nayo yonke imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi) emzimbeni, ngaphandle kwenhliziyo.
- Izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bemilenze lapho uhamba, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, amanxeba angapholi, kanye nemithambo yegazi ephukile konke kungabangelwa izinkinga zemithambo yegazi. Ungalokothi uzishaye indiva lezi.
- Uma unesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme , noma ubhema , usengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo semithambo yegazi.
- Uma ungabaza nganoma yiziphi izimpawu, qala uxhumane nodokotela wakho womndeni (GP) ukuze uthole iseluleko. Uma kudingeka, uzokudlulisela kuDokotela Wemithambo Yegazi.
- Ungazivikela ezifweni eziningi ngokudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokugwema ukubhema.
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