Uma udokotela ekutshela noma othile omaziyo ukuthi udinga "ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba," kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane. Umcabango "wokuhlinzwa okukhulu okuzosusa isifuba" yiwona ofika engqondweni. Kodwa namuhla, isayensi yezokwelapha isithuthuke kakhulu. Yingakho manje sekukhona indlela "yokuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole" yokwelapha izifo eziningi zesifuba, eyenziwa ngemigodi emincane ngaphandle kokwenza izimbobo ezinkulu kangaka. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-VATS.
Iyini ngempela i-VATS?
I-VATS imele i-Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery . Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngaphakathi kwesifuba ngosizo lwekhamera yevidiyo. Igama elithi "Thoracic" libhekisela engxenyeni yesifuba ephakathi kwentamo nesisu sethu. Le ndawo yilapho kutholakala khona izitho eziningi ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo yethu, amaphaphu, kanye nomphimbo.
Cabanga... Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, esikhundleni sokwenza ukusika okukhulu esifubeni sakho, udokotela wenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu phakathi kwezimbambo zakho ezimbili bese efaka ithubhu elincane elinekhamera encane (esiyibiza ngokuthi i-thoracoscope ) ngayo. Izithombe ezivela kule khamera ziboniswa esikrinini esikhulu (imonitha). Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenziwa ukusika okuncane okukodwa noma okubili bese kufakwa amathuluzi abucayi adingekayo ekuhlinzeni ngawo. Manje udokotela angabuka izithombe ezikuleso sikrini futhi aphathe inkinga esesifubeni ngokunembe kakhulu.
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okungenazo izithiyo eziningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umonakalo, izibazi, kanye nobuhlungu emzimbeni kuncane kakhulu kunokuhlinzwa okuvamile.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa kwe-VATS?
I-VATS isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuxilonga nokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nomdlavuza osakazeke kakhulu, kodwa futhi isetshenziselwa ezinye izimo eziningi.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu | Ukuthola isimila esinomdlavuza (i-biopsy) noma ukusisusa. |
| Umdlavuza we-esophagus noma i-thymus gland | Ukwelapha umdlavuza kulezi zitho zomzimba. |
| Ukuphuma kwe-Pleural | Uma kwenzeka uketshezi lunqwabelana emaphashini, thola imbangela bese ususa uketshezi. |
| Izifo zamaphaphu ezifana ne-COPD | Ezifweni zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona, susa izingxenye zamaphaphu ezonakele. |
| I-Hyperhidrosis | Njengokwelashwa kokujuluka ngokweqile. |
| I-Myasthenia Gravis | Ukususa i-thymus gland kulesi sifo esenza imisipha ibe buthaka. |
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-VATS
- Ukususwa kwamaphaphu e-VATS: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye yephaphu egulayo. Ingxenye encane (`ukususwa kwe-wedge resection`), i-lobe yonke (`lobectomy`), noma mhlawumbe iphaphu lonke (`pneumonectomy`) ingasuswa.
- Ukususwa kwe-Esophagectomy: Ukususwa kwengxenye egulayo ye-esophagus.
- I-Thymectomy: Ukususwa kwe-thymus gland enesifo.
- Ukuhlobisa: Ukususwa kwezicubu ezithelelekile noma izicubu ezibomvu ezizungeze amaphaphu.
Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Kumelwe ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo .
- Uzocelwa ukuba uzile ukudla (ugweme ukudla noma ukuphuza) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha imithi ethile, amavithamini, kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhambi.
- Uma ubhema, kufanele nakanjani uyeke .
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo eziningana ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, njenge:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi - isibonelo, ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC).
- Ukuhlolwa okuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo - njenge-``(EKG)```.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge-X-ray yesifuba, i-CT scan, noma i-PET scan.
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu.
- Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-'Upper Endoscopy'.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Kunezinzuzo nezingozi kunoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kodwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-VATS kunezinzuzo eziningi nezingozi ezimbalwa kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile okuvamile (`i-thoracotomy`).
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi |
|---|---|
| Isikhathi esincane sokuchitha esibhedlela. | Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmias). |
| Kunobuhlungu obuncane kanye nezibazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa. | Ukuqhekeka kwegazi noma isifo sohlangothi. |
| Inqubo yokuphefumula ibuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile ngokushesha. | I-Pneumothorax. |
| Ingozi yokutheleleka iphansi. | Ukopha kwangaphakathi noma izifo. |
| Ungabuyela emisebenzini evamile ngokushesha. | Izinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana ne-pneumonia. |
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzobe usesibhedlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi:
- Uzonikezwa imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu .
- Khuthaza ukuvivinya umzimba ngokuphefumula okujulile nokuhamba. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.
- Ipayipi lesifuba elifakwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa lizokhishwa ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya.
Isikhathi sokululama sincike ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa okwenzile. Kungathatha amasonto amabili ukululama ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha amasonto afinyelela kwayisishiyagalombili . Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela.
- Shintsha ama-dressing lapho kunqunywa khona njengoba kudingeka.
- Gwema ukuphakamisa izinsimbi.
- Gwema ukushayela nokuya emsebenzini kuze kube yisikhathi esinqunyiwe.
- Thatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela emyalile.
- Hamba okungenani kathathu ngosuku ukuze uvimbele ukuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni yakho.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezidinga ukuthi ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha?
Uma uthola noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukusika kuba bomvu, kuvuvuke, noma kube noketshezi oluphuzi.
- Imfiva
Ukuthola ukuxilongwa komdlavuza kuyisikhathi esinzima kunoma ubani. Esikhathini esinjengalesi, noma yikuphi ukukhululeka ekwelashweni kuyinto enkulu. I-VATS iyindlela yesimanje engebuhlungu kakhulu futhi evumela ukululama okusheshayo kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi lokhu kulungile yini kuwe. Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-VATS iyindlela "yokuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole" esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zesifuba.
- Njengoba kungekho ukusikwa okukhulu, ubuhlungu, izibazi, kanye nesikhathi esichithwa esibhedlela sincane.
- Le ndlela isetshenziswa ekwelapheni izifo eziningi zesifuba, okuhlanganisa nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
- Kubalulekile ukuze umuntu alulame ngokushesha ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile (ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula) ngemva kokuhlinzwa, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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