Ingabe ingane yakho isalele emuva kancane emsebenzini wesikole? Ingabe uthi, "Mama, amehlo ami ayabuhlungu" uma ubheka incwadi? Noma ingabe wena ngokwakho uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi usinda emehlweni akho uma ubheka okuthile okuseduze? Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa abanye abantu bekhuluma ngento ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Vision Therapy'. Kuyindlela yokuzivocavoca amehlo, njenge-'physiotherapy' yomzimba. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, okungukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyiqiniso noma cha, ukuthi ubani okufanelekelayo nokuthi ubani okufanelekelayo.
Kalula nje, kuyini Ukwelashwa Kokubona?
Cabanga ngakho njengohlelo lokuqeqesha oluqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwemisipha yamehlo nobuchopho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa abanye odokotela bamehlo noma abelaphi bezokwelapha emsebenzini.
Le nqubo yokwelapha kufanele iqhubeke amasonto amaningana kuya ezinyangeni eziningana. Ihilela kakhulu izinto ezimbili.
1. Ukuzivocavoca okwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela: Kunezivivinyo zamehlo ezithile ongazivivinya ehhovisi.
2. Ukuzivocavoca okufanele ukwenze ekhaya: Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzonikezwa isethi ehlukile yokuzivocavoca okufanele ukwenze ekhaya.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu kuzilolonga kwamehlo, ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa amanye amadivayisi. Isibonelo, lokhu kungafaka izibuko zokuqeqesha ezikhethekile, ama-prism agoba ukukhanya, kanye nama-eye patches amboza iso elilodwa.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kombono?
Yebo, kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezaziwa ngaleli gama. Kodwa akukho ukuvumelana phakathi kodokotela bamehlo ngazo zonke. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
| Igama lendlela yokwelapha | Kalula nje... | Umbono wochwepheshe |
|---|---|---|
| Ukwelashwa Kokubona Kwamathambo | Lokhu kuhilela ukuzivocavoca okuthuthukisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo kanye nokuqondanisa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wamazinyo. | Indlela eyamukelwa ngokwesayensi. Lokhu kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kuyasebenza, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezithile zezokwelapha. |
| Ukwelashwa kwe-Myopia (ukubona eduze) | Ukuzivocavoca ukuze ubambezele ukuqala kokubona eduze noma ukulawula ukuqhubeka kwakho. | Kunemibono ehlukene phakathi kochwepheshe mayelana nempumelelo yale ndlela. |
| Ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia (iso elivilaphayo) | Kulabo abanamehlo avilaphayo, bazama ukuqinisa iso elibuthakathaka ngokumboza iso elibona kahle (ukuzilungisa). | Eziningi zalezi zindlela zokwelapha zinesisekelo esiqinile sesayensi, kodwa akuzona zonke eziwela esigabeni esiphikisanayo se-"Vision Therapy". |
| Ukwelashwa kokukhanya | Indlela yokwelapha ehilela ukuveza amehlo emibala ehlukene yokukhanya. | Ochwepheshe abaningi babheka lokhu njengesayensi -mbumbulu, engenasisekelo sesayensi . |
| Ukwelashwa kombono wokuziphatha | Ukuzivocavoca ukuthuthukisa ikhono lobuchopho lokuqonda (ukucubungula okubonakalayo) lokho amehlo akubonayo. | Lena yindlela ephikisana kakhulu. Nakuba inconywa ezintweni ezifana nokukhubazeka kokufunda, izinhlangano ezinkulu zezokwelapha aziyisekeli. |
Ngakho-ke, ingabe odokotela bayakutusa ngempela lokhu kwelashwa?
Nansi into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyazi.
Isivumelwano esivamile phakathi kodokotela abaningi bamehlo nodokotela bezingane ukuthi i-Vision Therapy ifakazelwe ngokwesayensi ukuthi isebenza kahle ezimweni ezimbili ezithile .
Lezo zimo ezimbili yilezi:
1. Ukuntuleka Kokuhlangana: Lokhu ukungakwazi ukugxila ngokuphendula amehlo womabili ngaphakathi uma ubheka into eseduze (isib., ukufunda incwadi). Lokhu kungabangela ukucindezeleka kwamehlo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nokubona okubili.
2. Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kokuhlala: Lokhu kunzima ukushintsha ngokushesha ukugxila phakathi kwezinto eziseduze nezikude.
Khumbula, izimo ezimbili kuphela ezaziwa ngokuthi 'Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kokuhlangana' kanye 'Nokungasebenzi Kahle Kokuhlala' okuye kwafakazelwa ngokwesayensi ukuthi kuyazuzisa ekwelashweni kokubona (ikakhulukazi i-Orthoptic Vision Therapy).
Abukho ubufakazi obuqinile besayensi bokuthi i-Vision Therapy iyasebenza kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ukukhubazeka kokufunda (njenge-dyslexia) noma izinkinga zokunaka (njenge-ADHD) ezinganeni.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinhlangano eziningi zezokwelapha ezihamba phambili emhlabeni zikhiphe izincomo ngokumelene nokusetshenziswa kwe-Vision Therapy kwezinye izimo ngaphandle kwalezi ezimbili. Ezinye zazo yilezi:
- I-American Academy of Pediatrics
- I-American Academy of Ophthalmology
- I-American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Ngakho-ke kufanele ngenzenjani uma ingane yami inenkinga yokufunda?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani ingane ingase ibe nezinkinga zokufunda. Akudingeki kube inkinga yamehlo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha eziphikisanayo njenge-Vision Therapy, kubalulekile ukuthola imbangela efanele kuqala .
Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko ezenza ingane ibe nobunzima bokufunda nokuthi yini okufanele iyenze ngakho.
| Isizathu esingaba khona | Okufanele ngikwenze? |
|---|---|
| Inkinga elula yokubona | Ingane ingaba nombono oseduze ( Myopia ), ukubona kude ( Hyperopia ), noma ibe nesimo esingajwayelekile se-iris ( Astigmatism ). Noma ingaba nesifo esifana neso elivilaphayo ( Amblyopia ) noma i-strabismus . Okufanele ukwenze: Okokuqala, bonana nodokotela wamehlo wezingane bese uthola ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele ngokuvulwa kwamehlo. Ngokuvamile, le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngokuphelele ngezibuko zokulungisa noma olunye ukwelashwa okulula. |
| I-Dyslexia | Lokhu akusona isifo samehlo. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi ubuchopho abukwazi ukubona kahle izinhlamvu namagama abonwa ngamehlo. Okufanele ukwenze: Ukwelashwa ngokubona akusizi ngalutho kulesi simo. Bona udokotela wezingane wengane yakho. Uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe (isib., isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kwezemfundo) ukuze akusize ngalokhu. |
| Ezinye izinkinga zokufunda noma zokuziphatha | Ezinye izimo eziningi, njenge-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), zingaphazamisa ukufunda kwengane. Okufanele ukwenze: Lokhu akufanele kwelashwe odokotela bamehlo. Udokotela wakho wezingane uzokudlulisela kochwepheshe abafanele ngalokhu. |
Siyaqonda ukuthi kuyacasula futhi kuyesabisa kangakanani ngabazali ukubona ingane engakwazi ukubona umhlaba ngokucacile futhi enobunzima bokufunda. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, uma uzwa ngento efana ne-Vision Therapy, ungase ucabange ukuthi kungaba yisisombululo esihle.
Kodwa khumbula, umonakalo omkhulu ongabangelwa ukuzama ukwelashwa okungakafakazelwa ngokwesayensi ukuthi ingane ngeke ithole ukwelashwa okusebenzayo ekudingayo ngempela. Lokho kubambezeleka kungase kubangele ngisho nomonakalo ohlala njalo ekuboneni kwayo. Futhi, njengoba lokhu kwelashwa kwe-Vision Therapy ngokuvamile kungambozwa umshwalense, kuzodingeka uchithe imali eningi ephaketheni lakho.
Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza ngokubona noma ukufunda kwengane yakho, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza kuqala ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane. Uzokwenza izivivinyo ezinembile kakhulu futhi akuthumele ekwelashweni okuqinisekiswe ngokwesayensi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa Kokubona kuwuchungechunge lwezivivinyo zamehlo. Kodwa akuyona 'inhlamvu yomlingo' ezokwelapha zonke izimo zamehlo.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kuye kwafakazelwa ngokwesayensi ukuthi kusebenza kahle ezimweni ezimbili ezithile: Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Convergence kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-Accommodative .
- Sicela uqaphele ukuthi i-Vision Therapy ayisebenzi futhi ayinconywa ezinganeni ezinokukhubazeka kokufunda (isib. i-Dyslexia).
- Uma ingane yakho inenkinga ngomsebenzi wesikole, isinyathelo sokuqala okufanele usithatheIndlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha lokhu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele ngudokotela wamehlo wezingane. Ngokuvamile, inkinga ingaxazululwa ngezibuko ezifanele.
- Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha eziphikisanayo, khuluma njalo nodokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wezingane. Bazokunikeza isiqondiso esinembile nesesayensi.
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