Wake wazizwa sengathi ingane yakho inenkinga yokufunda incwadi, ilahleka ezincwadini, noma ilahlekelwe amagama? Noma uzizwa sengathi iyazulazula futhi ayihlaliseki, ayikwazi ukugxila ? Abazali bavame ukudida lezi zimo ezimbili, i-ADHD kanye ne-Dyslexia. Nakuba izimpawu zalezi zimo ezimbili ngezinye izikhathi zingase zifane, lezi yizimo ezimbili ezahlukene ezihlobene nokusebenza kobuchopho. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangaba nazo zombili lezi zimo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokunembile nangokulula namuhla futhi sixazulule lokhu kudideka.
Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-ADHD ne-Dyslexia?
Kalula nje, i-Dyslexia iyinkinga yokufunda. Ithinta kakhulu ikhono lokuqonda ulimi olubhaliwe nolukhulunywayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuba nzima ukubona izinhlamvu, ukufunda amagama, nokuqonda incazelo yawo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) yisimo esibonakala ngesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo: ubunzima bokugcina ukunaka, ukusebenza ngokweqile, kanye nobunzima bokulawula ukushesha.
Nakuba laba ababili behlukile, kukhona ukuxhumana okumangalisayo phakathi kwabo. Cabanga nje, uma uthatha abantu abayi-10 abane-Dyslexia, cishe abathathu kubo bazoba ne -ADHD . Futhi, umuntu one-ADHD cishe unamathuba aphindwe kasithupha okuba nokukhubazeka kokufunda njenge-Dyslexia kunomuntu ojwayelekile.
Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi i-dyslexia ibangela i-ADHD, futhi akusho ukuthi i-ADHD ibangela i-dyslexia. Lokhu akubangeli okunye.
Zombili lezi zimo zinezici eziningana ezifanayo kanye nezici eziyingozi.
Izici ezivamile kanye nezici eziyingozi
- Ufuzo: Zombili lezi zimo zingase zisebenze emindenini. Cishe ingxenye yabantu abane -ADHD banelungu lomndeni elinalesi simo. I-Dyslexia nayo inesixhumanisi esifanayo sezakhi zofuzo cishe kuma-30% ezimo.
- Izici Zobuchopho: Isakhiwo kanye ne-chemistry yobuchopho babantu abane-ADHD kanye ne-Dyslexia kuhlukile kancane kokwabantu abangenaso lesi simo. Isibonelo, ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho zingase zingabi matasa kangako ezinganeni ezine-ADHD. Futhi, kunezithunywa zamakhemikhali ebuchosheni bethu ezithwala ulwazi, esizibiza ngokuthi (ama-neurotransmitters) . Lezi zingase zisebenze ngendlela ehlukile kancane kubantu abane-ADHD. Uma ubheka izithombe zobuchopho zabantu abane-dyslexia, ungabona ukuthi uhlangothi lwesobunxele lobuchopho alusebenzi kakhulu.
- Ezinye Izinto Eziyingozi:Ukuchayeka kukamama ekubhemeni noma otshwaleni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kanye nokuzalwa enesisindo esiphansi, kwandisa ingozi yalezi zimo zombili. Ukuchayeka ebuthi obufana ne-lead kungabangela i-ADHD, kodwa akunawo umphumela ofanayo ku-dyslexia. I-dyslexia ingabangelwa nokulimala kobuchopho, njengokushaywa unhlangothi.
Izimpawu: Yikuphi ngempela ukufana nokwehluka?
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-ADHD noma i-Dyslexia onezimpawu ezifanayo. Wonke umuntu uhlukile. Kodwa kunezikhathi lapho izimpawu zazo zombili lezi zimo zingafana khona. Ake sibheke leli thebula ukuze siqonde lo mehluko ngokucacile.
| Isibonakaliso | Indlela I-Dyslexia Ebukeka Ngayo | I-ADHD ibukeka kanjani |
|---|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokufunda | Kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuqaphela nokuzwakalisa izinhlamvu zamagama. Amagama angaphinyiselwa kabi. Isibonelo, igama elithi 'bat' lingaphinyiselwa ngokuthi 'tab'. | Ijubane lokufunda lingase lihambe kancane, kodwa amagama avame ukufundwa ngokunembile. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokunganaki, amakhoma, izimpawu zokubhala, kanye neziphetho zamagama emshweni kungase kuphuthelwe. Ungase ukhohlwe ukuthi ufunda kuphi. |
| Ubunzima bokubhala | Kunzima ukupela kahle. Kunzima ukuhlola kahle lokho okubhalile. Kunzima ukubhala ngemisho ehambisanayo futhi usebenzise uhlelo lolimi ngendlela efanele. | Inselele enkulu ukuhlela imibono engqondweni yakho bese uyibhala phansi. Kunzima ukuthola amaphutha kulokho okubhalile. Kungaba nzima kini nobabili ukubhala kahle. |
| Ukukhohlwa | Izinto ezivame kakhulu ukukhohlwa yizindawo. Ungase ubize igama lomuntu ngendlela engafanele. Ungase udide amagama azwakala ngendlela efanayo (isib. 'ikhishi' kanye 'nenkukhu'). | Ukukhohlwa kungathinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Isibonelo, ungase ukhohlwe i-aphoyintimenti ebalulekile, ungase ungakwazi ukuthola okhiye noma isikhwama sakho semali, noma ungase ungakhumbuli izenzakalo zasebuntwaneni bakho. |
| Izinkinga zokunaka | Ngenxa yokuthi ukufunda kudinga umzamo omkhulu wengqondo, uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. Lokho kukhathala kwenza kube nzima ukuhlala ugxile. | Uphawu oluvamile ukulahlekelwa ukugxila. Ingqondo iphazanyiswa yizo zonke izinto ezincane ezizungezile. Ikakhulukazi uma wenza imisebenzi eyisicefe nephindaphindayo noma ulalele othile ekhuluma, ukugxila kuyalahleka ngokuphelele. |
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili ukuthi isimo se-ADHD esingalawuleki singathinta izici eziningi zempilo yakho. Singabangela izinkinga eziningi, njengokungakwazi ukuqeda imisebenzi ngesikhathi emsebenzini, izingxabano ezivame ukwenzeka nomndeni nabathandekayo, ubunzima bokuphatha imali, kanye nobunzima bokufeza imithwalo yemfanelo yansuku zonke. Umthelela we-dyslexia ukhawulelwe kakhulu emisebenzini yezemfundo neyezilimi.
Ungaluthola kanjani usizo nokusekelwa?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi wena, ingane yakho, noma othile omaziyo unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi . Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ofanelekayo (udokotela) ukuze akunike iseluleko, kunokumane uqagele.
Udokotela uzokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi akhulume nawe ukuze anqume ukuthi yiziphi kulezi zimo ezimbili onazo ngempela, noma ukuthi unazo zombili. Ukuzihlola kuzodala ukudideka okwengeziwe.
Ukuba ne-ADHD noma i-Dyslexia akusho ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho nintula ukuhlakanipha, ubuvila, noma intshisekelo. Kungumehluko omncane nje endleleni ubuchopho obucubungula ngayo ulwazi. Ngokusekelwa namasu afanele, laba bantu bangabhekana nempilo ngempumelelo.
Uma ungumuntu omdala oqashiwe futhi lezi zimo ziphazamisa umsebenzi wakho, ungakhuluma nomqashi wakho ngakho futhi uthole indawo yokuhlala uma kudingeka. Isibonelo, ukucela isikhathi esengeziwe sokuqedela umsebenzi. Uma ungumntwana, ungakhuluma nothisha besikole sakho ngalokhu futhi uthole usizo lokwenza imfundo yengane yakho ibe lula. Khumbula, ukucela usizo akulona uphawu lobuthakathaka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-AD HD kanye ne-Dyslexia yizimo ezimbili ezihlukene, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingaba khona ndawonye.
- Nakuba izimpawu zakho kokubili (isib., ubunzima bokufunda) zingase zibonakale zifana, imbangela yalolo phawu ihlukile.
- Ukuba nalezi zimo akusikho ukuntuleka kokuhlakanipha noma isithakazelo. Kumane nje kuwukushintsha kokusebenza kobuchopho.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninokungabaza ngalokhu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nesiqondiso, kunokuqagela.
- Ngokuhlonza nokusekela okufanele, abantu abane-ADHD noma i-Dyslexia bangaphila impilo ephumelelayo neyanelisayo.
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