Ake sifunde kabanzi ngokubona. Kuyini ukubona okungu-20/20?

Wake wezwa udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo ethi, "Umbono wakho ungo-20/20" uma uyohlolwa amehlo? Noma mhlawumbe uke wezwa umngane ekusho lokho. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi umbono we-20/20 uphelele, uphelele, futhi uphelele. Kodwa ingabe kunjalo ngempela? Ake sithole ukuthi iyini ngempela inganekwane ethi "20/20".

Kuyini Umbono we-20/20?

Kalula nje, umbono we-20/20 uwumbono "ojwayelekile". Kukala ukuthi ungabona kanjani ngokucacile nangokucacile into eqhele ngamamitha angu-20. Ochwepheshe bamehlo bathi lokhu kubukhali bokubona.

Cabanga nje, uma uyohlolwa amehlo, bakwenza ubheke ishadi elinezinhlamvu. Uqhele ngamamitha angu-20 ukusuka eshadini.

• Inombolo yokuqala (20): Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi ukude kangakanani neshadi elinezinhlamvu. Ekuhlolweni kwamehlo, lokhu kuhlala kungu-20, ngoba ibanga elijwayelekile lingamamitha angu-20.
• Inombolo yesibili (20 ngakolunye uhlangothi): Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi zingaki izinyawo ukusuka lapho umuntu obona kahle azobona into ecacile futhi ebukhali ngendlela efanayo naleyo obungayibona usekude ngamamitha angu-20.

Okusho ukuthi, uma unombono oqondile ongu-20/20, lokho okubonayo uqhele ngamamitha angu-20, umuntu onombono ojwayelekile angabona ngokucacile uqhele ngamamitha angu-20. Lokhu ukubona "okuvamile", hhayi "okuphelele". Ngokumangalisayo, cishe ama-35% kuphela abantu emhlabeni abanombono oqondile ongu-20/20, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bagqoka izibuko, ama-contact lens, noma bake bahlinzwa amehlo.

Manje, bheka, ngezinye izikhathi umbono wakho ungase ubhalwe njengo-20/15. Lokho kusho ukuthi into ongayibona uqhele ngamamitha angu-20 kuzodingeka ibe ngamamitha angu-15 ukuze umuntu onombono ojwayelekile ayibone kahle. Lokho kusho ukuthi umbono wakho ungcono kunowejwayelekile!

Futhi, uma umbono wakho ungama-20/40, kusho ukuthi into ongayibona uqhele ngamamitha angu-20 ingabonakala ngokucacile ngumuntu onombono ojwayelekile uqhele ngamamitha angu-40. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umbono wakho ungaphansi kancane kwesilinganiso, ngoba kufanele ube seduze nawo kunomuntu ojwayelekile ukuze uwubone kahle. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uma umbono wakho ungaphansi kwama-20/20, kunezindlela eziningi zokukusiza ukuthi uwucacise.

Njengoba nje izwe lethu lilinganisa ibanga ngezinyawo, amanye amazwe emhlabeni asebenzisa uhlelo lwe-metric. Kulawo mazwe, umbono we-20/20 ubizwa ngokuthi umbono we-6/6. Okusho ukuthi, balinganisa ukuthi ungayibona kahle yini into eqhele ngamamitha ayi-6 esikhundleni samamitha ayi-20.

Ingabe umbono we-20/20 yiyona nto kuphela ebalulekile ekuboneni?

Nakuba kubalulekile ukuba nombono oqondile ukuze ubone umhlaba ngokucacile, kunezinye izinto ezibalulekile ekuboneni. Lezi yizi:

• Ukubona imibala: Ikhono lokubona imibala ngokunembile.
• Ukuqondanisa amehlo: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuboneni okujulile kanye nokubona nge-3D. Kudinga ukuthi womabili amehlo asebenzisane kahle.
• Ukubona okuphansi noma okusebusuku: Izinga lokubona ebumnyameni.
• Umbono ongaphandle: Ububanzi bombono obungabonakala emaceleni ngaphandle kokujika ikhanda.

Ngakho-ke, uyaqonda? I-20/20 iyingxenye eyodwa nje yokubona. Zonke lezi zici zinegalelo ekuboneni okuhle.

Kungani kubaluleke kangaka ukuba namehlo amahle?

Ukubona kahle kubalulekile ukuze uphephe. ​​Cabanga nje, ukubona imoto emgwaqweni, ukungaphuthelwa yisinyathelo esisodwa lapho wehla izitebhisi, konke lokhu kudinga ukubona kahle.

Futhi, ukubona kahle kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni impilo yakho isezingeni eliphezulu . Ukubona kahle kuthinta umsebenzi wakho, imisebenzi yomphakathi, izinto ozithandayo, ukufunda incwadi, konke lokhu. Ukubona kahle kungasho ukuthi ugqoka izibuko noma ama-contact lens. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ubona ngokucacile ngokwanele ukuze uxhumane nendawo ezungezile nabantu abakuzungezile - noma ngabe ulungisiwe noma cha.

Ukubona kahle kungaphezu nje kokugwema amakhona abukhali. Kuphinde kusize ukugcina ingqondo yakho ibukhali , kukunikeza amandla okwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ukufunda iresiphi ngenkathi upheka, ukufunda imiyalelo ebhodleleni lomuthi, ukufunda izixwayiso ezikwisisombululo sokuhlanza, nokubona izimpawu zomgwaqo nezinombolo zendlela yebhasi ngenkathi ushayela konke kudinga ukubona kahle.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unombono ongu-20/20?

Udokotela wamehlo uzohlola umbono wakho ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Ngokuvamile bazosebenzisa izindlela eziningana, eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kokubona kahle: Lesi yiso engikhulume ngaso ekuqaleni, lapho kufanele ufunde khona izinhlamvu eshadini. Leli shadi libizwa ngokuthi ishadi le-Snellen . Ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni sezinhlamvu, kusetshenziswa amashadi anezimo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
• I-Retinoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukubamba amalensi ahlukene esweni lakho ukuze ubone ukuthi yiliphi elikuvumela ukuthi ubone kahle. Udokotela ukwenza lokhu ngenkathi ekhanyisa iso lakho.
• Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-Autorefraction: Lokhu kuhilela ukubuka umshini (mhlawumbe isithombe sendlu ensimini, noma ibhaluni lomoya oshisayo ekugcineni komgwaqo omude). Umshini ulinganisa ngokuzenzakalelayo umbono wakho. Udokotela usebenzisa lezi zibalo ukuze ahlole kabanzi umbono wakho futhi akunike inani elifanele lezibuko.

Yiziphi izizathu ezenza ngingabi naso umbono oqondile?

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokubona ezingaphansi kuka-20/20 amaphutha okubona. Lezi izinguquko esimweni seso lakho ezibangela ukubona okufiphele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukungaboni Kakhulu Noma Ukubuka Okude: Isimo lapho izinto eziseduze zibonakala zingacacile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinto ezikude nazo zifiphele kancane.
• I-Myopia noma i-Nearsighting: Isimo lapho izinto ezikude zifiphazwa khona futhi izinto eziseduze zibonakala ngokucacile.
• I-Presbyopia: Lesi yisimo esenzeka ngokuguga. Kwenza kube nzima ukufunda eduze kwezinto, njengezincwadi namaphephandaba. Ngokuvamile kuqala ngemva kweminyaka engama-40.
• I-Astigmatism: Kulesi simo, ngenxa yokuthi iso aliyona inhlangothi-mbili ngokuphelele, imisebe yokukhanya ayigxili endaweni efanayo ngaphakathi kweso. Ngenxa yalokho, izinto eziseduze nezikude zingase zibonakale ziphambene kancane futhi zifiphele.

Ngaphezu kwala maphutha okubhekana nokukhanya, ezinye izimo zamehlo nazo zingathinta umbono wakho. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• Ama-cataract: Ukufiphala kwelensi yeso.
• Izifo ze-cornea: Izifo ezenzeka ku-cornea, ulwelwesi olubonakalayo ngaphambili kweso.
• I-retinopathy ehlobene nesifo sikashukela: Ukulimala kwe-retina ngemuva kweso okubangelwa isifo sikashukela.
• I-Glaucoma: Ukulimala kwe-optic nerve ngenxa yokucindezela okukhulu ngaphakathi kweso.
• Izifo ze-retinal: Izifo ezahlukahlukene ezenzeka ku-retina yeso.
• Izimo ezifana ne- strabismus , isibonelo , i-amblyopia/i-lazy eye.

Futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nombono ongcono kunojwayelekile, kodwa mancane amathuba okuba ube nawo.

Kuphathwa kanjani ukungaboni kahle?

Uma unamaphutha okubhekana nombono, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokulungisa umbono wakho. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zihlose ukuletha umbono wakho eduze kuka-20/20 ngangokunokwenzeka. Zihlanganisa:

• Izibuko zamehlo: Lena yindlela evame kakhulu futhi elula kakhulu.
• Amalensi okuxhumana: Enye indlela enhle kulabo abangawathandi amalazi.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa umbono: Izinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa nge-laser zingathuthukisa umbono unomphela.

Uma unezinye izinkinga zamehlo, zingadinga ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadingeka ugqoke izibuko noma ama-contact lens. Noma kunjalo, ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungafinyeleli umbono ongu-20/20, kodwa usengakwazi ukufinyelela umbono okhululekile ukuthi uphile nawo.

Nginganciphisa yini ingozi yokuthi ukubona kwami ​​​​kungabonakali kuwele ngaphansi kwama-20/20?

Yebo, impela. Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze ugcine amehlo akho ephilile futhi unciphise ingozi yokuba nokukhubazeka kokubona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Thola ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo: Hlola amehlo akho okungenani kanye ngonyaka noma njalo eminyakeni emibili. Lokhu kubalulekile ngisho noma ungazigqoki izibuko.
• Gqoka isivikelo samehlo:Gqoka izibuko zokuphepha uma usebenza ngezinto ezingaba yingozi. Futhi, gqoka izibuko zelanga uma uphuma elangeni. Lokhu kuzovikela amehlo akho emisebeni ye-ultraviolet eyingozi.
• Uma usebenzisa ugwayi noma imikhiqizo ye-nicotine, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze uyeke . Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu emehlweni.
• Thola ukudla okunempilo: Amehlo akho adinga amavithamini namaminerali amaningana ukuze asebenze kahle. Faka izinto ezifana nemifino eluhlaza, izithelo eziphuzi, nemifino ekudleni kwakho.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungaholela ezifweni ezifana nesifo sikashukela, okungathinta namehlo akho.
• Geza izandla zakho njalo: Lokhu kungavimbela amagciwane kanye nezifo ukuthi zingangeni emehlweni akho.
• Uma ugqoka ama-contact lens, landela imiyalelo yokuwagcina ehlanzekile bese uwashintsha ngesikhathi.
• Ungazinaki izimpawu zamehlo noma izinguquko embonweni, ikakhulukazi uma izinguquko zenzeka ngokuzumayo. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
• Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela, zilawule kahle. Lokhu kunganciphisa imiphumela emibi emehlweni akho.
• Nika amehlo akho ikhefu: Ikakhulukazi uma wenza umsebenzi omningi wokubuka noma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ubheke isikrini sekhompyutha, kubalulekile ukunikeza amehlo akho ikhefu. Ungasebenzisa umthetho we-20-20-20 : Njalo ngemizuzu engama-20, bheka into eqhele ngamamitha angama-20 imizuzwana engama-20.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isilinganiso sakho sokuhlolwa kokubona singakanani, amehlo akho afana namafasitela obona ngawo umhlaba okuzungezile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwanakekela kahle. Ukwenza kanjalo kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yokulahlekelwa ukubona.

Khumbula, i-20/20 imane nje iwukubona "okuvamile", hhayi ukubona "okuphelele". Uma unenkinga noma ungaqiniseki ngombono wakho, kuhlale kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona uchwepheshe wamehlo.

Ukubona kwamehlo , ukubona okungu-20/20, ukubona kahle, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, izifo zamehlo, izibuko zamehlo, umbono, ukuthuthukiswa kombono