Wake waphawula ukuthi abanye abantu banamabala amhlophe esikhumbeni sabo? Mhlawumbe nawe uke waba namabala amancane afana nalawa futhi awukwazi ukuwaqonda. Nakuba abantu abaningi bebiza lokhu ngokuthi "isikhumba", ngokwezokwelapha sibiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-Vitiligo. Abanye abantu bayesaba uma bebona lokhu, kanti abanye banamahloni okuthi bazokhishwa inyumbazane ngumphakathi. Kodwa ingabe i-Vitiligo ngempela yinto okufanele uyesabe? Ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula namuhla.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Vitiligo?
I-Vitiligo yisimo sesikhumba lapho umbala onikeza isikhumba sethu umbala ulahleka khona. Lokhu kuphumela kumabala alula kunesikhumba sakho noma amhlophe ngokuphelele. Isikhumba sethu, izinwele, namehlo kunombala webala obizwa ngokuthi i-melanin . Le melanin ikhiqizwa amaseli akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocytes . Ku-vitiligo, ngesizathu esithile, amasosha omzimba wethu abhubhisa la maseli e-melanocyte. Ukuze kube sobala, ihlasela amaseli ayo. Lapho la maseli ebhujiswa, i-melanin ayikhiqizwa ezindaweni ezifanele, ngakho-ke isikhumba silahlekelwa umbala futhi kuvela amabala amhlophe.
Uma leli phuzu livela emzimbeni wakho lapho unezinwele khona, izinwele kuleyo ndawo nazo zingase zibe mhlophe.
Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo?
I-Vitiligo yisimo esingabandlululi ngokohlanga noma ubulili. Singathinta noma ubani kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Kodwa-ke, sivame kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama . Ngokuvamile siqala ukubonakala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30.
Abantu abanezimo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba basengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola i-vitiligo. Ezinye zalezi zimo zifaka:
- Isifo se-thyroid
- Isifo sika-Addison
- Isifo Sikashukela (Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 1)
- I-Lupus
- I-Psoriasis
- Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis
- Izimo ezithile ze-anemia
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-Vitiligo ayisona isifo esithathelwanayo . Awusoze wasakazela lesi sifo komunye umuntu ngokumthinta, ngokudla naye, noma ngokuhlala naye.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-vitiligo?
I-Vitiligo ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe endleleni esakazeka ngayo. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi hlobo luni onalo.
| Uhlobo lwe-Vitiligo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Vitiligo Ejwayelekile | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Amabala avela ngokulinganayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba, ezingxenyeni ezahlukene. |
| I-Vitiligo Eyingxenye | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kuvela amabala ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, noma anqunyelwe endaweni eyodwa (isib., ingalo, umlenze, uhlangothi olulodwa lobuso). |
| I-Mucosal Vitiligo | Kulolu hlobo, kwakheka amabala olwelwesini lwamafinyila, njengangaphakathi komlomo, ezindebeni, ngaphakathi kwekhala, kanye nasendaweni yokuzala. |
| I-Focal Vitiligo | Lokhu akuvamile. Kuvela indawo eyodwa noma ezimbalwa endaweni efanayo encane futhi azisabalali unyaka noma emibili. |
| I-Vitiligo Ejwayelekile | Lokhu nakho akuvamile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwama-80% omzimba alahlekelwa umbala wesikhumba. |
Yini ebangela i-vitiligo?
Ayikho imbangela eyodwa eqondile ye-Vitiligo, kodwa kunezici eziningana okukholelwa ukuthi zidlala indima enkulu:
- Isimo sokuzivikela komzimba: Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, imbangela eyinhloko kucatshangwa ukuthi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somzimba sibhubhisa ngephutha amangqamuzana aso e-melanocyte.
- Izinguquko zofuzo: Uma othile emndenini ene-vitiligo, kungenzeka ukuthi nabanye bazoyithola. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungase kube nokuthambekela kofuzo kuyo. Kodwa-ke, ukuthi nje othile emndenini unayo akusho ukuthi wonke umuntu uzoyithola.
- Ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba: Ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwengqondo, ukulimala ngokomzimba njengengozi, kungaba yimbangela yokuqala noma ukuba kubi kwe-vitiligo kwabanye abantu.
- Izinto ezibangela imvelo:Izinto ezifana nokushiswa yilanga ngokweqile kanye nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile kungenza lesi simo sibe sibi nakakhulu kwabanye abantu.
Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ezingase zivele ngenxa ye-vitiligo?
I-Vitiligo ayisona isifo esibuhlungu noma esiyingozi ngokomzimba, kodwa ingabangela ezinye izinkinga eziningana:
1. Ukuzwela kwesikhumba elangeni: Njengoba kungekho pigment, izindawo ezinamabala amhlophe zingasha ngokushesha kakhulu uma zivezwa elangeni. Ngakho-ke, ukuvikelwa elangeni kubalulekile.
2. Izinguquko emehlweni: Abanye abantu bangase babone izinguquko ezithile embala we-retina kanye ne-iris yeso. Kodwa-ke, umbono awuthinteki kakhulu.
3. Umthelela Wengqondo: Lena yinselele enkulu kunazo zonke ehambisana ne-Vitiligo. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe benamahloni, bedabukile, bekhathazekile, noma becindezelekile ngenxa yokushintsha kwendlela ababukeka ngayo. Lokhu kungenza bangathandi ukubhekana nomphakathi kanye nokuxhumana nabantu.
Uma ubhekene nalolu hlobo lokucindezeleka kwengqondo, ungakugcini kuwe. Khuluma nomuntu omethembayo, noma udokotela wakho, ngakho. Kubalulekile ukufuna usizo kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo uma kudingeka.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani i-Vitiligo?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela onolwazi angabona ukuthi une-Vitiligo ngokuhlola isikhumba sakho kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi, kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elikhethekile elibizwa ngokuthi isibani sikaWood, esikhipha ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV), ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Uma kuvezwa ekukhanyeni kwalesi sibani, amabala e-Vitiligo azokhanya kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uzokubuza ngezinto ezifana nokuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho onalesi simo nokuthi unezinye izifo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Vitiligo?
Into yokuqala okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-Vitiligo ayisona isifo esidinga ukwelashwa. Ngoba ayilimazi umzimba, ukuthi iyelashwe noma cha kuncike ngokuphelele ezifisweni zakho kanye nenhlalakahle yakho yengqondo.
Uma unquma ukufuna ukwelashwa, kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene ongakhetha kuzo. Lokhu kwelashwa kunezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ukuguqulwa kwesimo se-pigmentation
2. Ukususa ibala - Lokhu kwenzelwa abantu abanendawo enkulu kakhulu yomzimba wabo ephenduke yaba mhlophe.
Nazi ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko:
- Izinhlobo zemithi:
- Okhilimu be-Corticosteroid : Lokhu kungasiza ekulawuleni ukusabalala kwamabala futhi kusize ekubuyeni kombala. Kodwa kufanele kusetshenziswe njengoba nje udokotela eqondisile.
- Izithibi zeCalcineurin: Lezi futhi izinhlobo zokhilimu ezisiza ukubuyisela umbala.
- I-Janus kinase inhibitors (ruxolitinib): Lona futhi umuthi omusha ovunyelwe ukubuyisela umbala wesikhumba.
- Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya (Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya / Ukwelashwa nge-Phototherapy):
- Lokhu kuhilela ukuveza isikhumba ekukhanyeni kohlobo oluthile lwe-ultraviolet (UVB) ngendlela elawulwayo kusetshenziswa umshini. Lokhu ukwelashwa okudingeka kwenziwe emavikini noma ezinyangeni.
- Kukhona enye indlela yokwelapha ngokukhanya ebizwa ngokuthi i-PUVA .
- Ukwelashwa kokususa ibala:
- Uma i-Vitiligo isisabalale endaweni enkulu yomzimba, amabala amnyama asele angashintshwa ukuze umzimba wonke ube nombala ofanayo. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa imithi efana ne -monobenzone .
- Ukuhlinzwa:
- Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba: Isikhumba esinempilo siyathathwa emzimbeni bese sitshalwa endaweni lapho kukhona khona i-Vitiligo.
- Ukufakelwa kwe-blister: Kudalwa i-blister yesikhumba enempilo, isikhumba esiphezu kwayo sithathwe bese sinamatheliswa endaweni ene-vitiligo.
Akuzona zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezifanele wonke umuntu. Kufanele uxoxe ngesimo sakho nodokotela wakho bese unquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokufihla okwesikhashana amabala e-vitiligo?
Yebo. Uma ungakhululekile ngokubonakala kwalezi zindawo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zibonakala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa noma cha, kunezindlela zokuzifihla okwesikhashana.
- Sebenzisa isithako esihle sokuvikela ilanga: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine-SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu. Sivimbela amabala amhlophe ekushiseni. Siphinde sinciphise amathuba okuba isikhumba esinempilo sishiswe yilanga, sinciphise umehluko wombala phakathi kwamabala nesikhumba esinempilo.
- Izimonyo ezifihla ibala: Kunezinhlobo zezimonyo ezifanelana nesikhumba sakho futhi zenzelwe ngqo lezi zimo. Lezi zingasetshenziswa ukufihla amabala ngempumelelo.
- Ukushintsha umbala ube nombala omncane: Lokhu kufana nokudweba i-tattoo. I-pigment ehambisana nombala wesikhumba ifakwa unomphela esikhumbeni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Vitiligo ayisona isifo esithelelanayo. Ayidluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu iye komunye nganoma iyiphi indlela.
- Lesi akusona isimo esibangela ukulimala ngokomzimba noma ubuhlungu emzimbeni. Umthelela omkhulu ubonakala nasempilweni yengqondo.
- Njengoba isikhumba esinamabala e-vitiligo sizwela kakhulu elangeni, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa i-SPF engaphezu kuka-30 nsuku zonke.
- Ukuthi ufuna ukwelashwa noma cha kuyisinqumo somuntu siqu. Uma ungakhululekile ngakho, khuluma nodokotela futhi ufunde ngezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha.
- Uma uzizwa ucindezelekile ngokubukeka kwakho, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngakho. Ukufuna iseluleko sempilo yengqondo kungaba usizo kakhulu.
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