Ingabe nawe unezinkinga ze-sinus ezivame ukwenzeka? Funda ngale sinusitis yesikhunta!

Ingabe nawe unekhala elicijile ngaso sonke isikhathi? Ingabe unekhanda elinzima, izinhlungu ezinhlangothini zombili zezihlathi zakho, ebunzini lakho, noma endaweni ephakathi kwamehlo akho? Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zingaba yizinkinga ezihlobene ne-sinus. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi akuzona zonke izinkinga ze-sinus ezifanayo? Ezinye izifo ze-sinus zibangelwa amagciwane, ezinye ngamagciwane. Kodwa namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo oluhlukile kancane lwe-sinusitis abantu abaningi abangalwazi. Lokho ukutheleleka kwe-sinus okubangelwa yi-fungus, noma uma sikhuluma ngokuqondile, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-fungal sinusitis . Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-fungal rhinosinusitis.

Kuyini i-Fungal Sinusitis? Ake sikuchaze kalula.

Kalula nje, i-Fungal Sinusitis ukutheleleka kwezindawo zethu zokungena kwama-sinus ngenxa yesikhunta (okungukuthi, izinto ezincane ezifana nemvubelo kanye nesikhunta). Izikhala zama-sinus ziyizikhala ezingenalutho phakathi kwezihlathi zakho, ibunzi, namehlo. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-fungal sinusitis. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, izimpawu ezivamile zazo zonke lezi zinhlobo ukuminyana kwamakhala, ulwelwesi, kanye nobuhlungu be-sinus.

Ngokuvamile, odokotela baphatha lesi simo ngokuhlinzwa kwe-sinus, kodwa kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ukwelashwa nge-antifungal kungadingeka.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Fungal Sinusitis?

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-sinusitis yesikhunta ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Izinhlobo ezingahlaseli: Lezi yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Kulolu hlobo, ukutheleleka kukhawulelwe ekhaleni nasemathunjini. Akuvamile ukusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

2. Izinhlobo ezihlaselayo: Lezi ziyingozi kakhulu, kodwa azivamile. Kulolu hlobo, ukutheleleka kwesikhunta kungasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, isibonelo, amehlo ngisho nobuchopho. Uma kungelashwa kahle, lesi simo singasongela impilo.

Manje ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Izinhlobo ze-sinusitis yesikhunta ezingahlaseli

• I-allergic fungal sinusitis: Lokhu kubangelwa impendulo yomzimba yokungezwani nesikhunta ekhaleni. Kulokhu, imigodi ye-sinus igcwala umucu ojiyile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ama-polyp ekhaleni angavela. Abantu abane-asthma noma i-allergies efana ne-hay fever banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lolu hlobo.
• Ibhola lesikhunta / i-mycetoma: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isikhunta siqoqana ngaphakathi kwemigodi ye-sinus bese sakha ibhola elincane noma inqwaba. Leli bhola lesikhunta (i-mycetoma) lingakhula futhi livale imigudu ye-sinus.
• I-Saprophytic fungal sinusitis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isikhunta sikhula khona ezingxoxweni ze-mucus ngaphakathi kwekhala.

Izinhlobo ze-Invasive Fungal Sinusitis

• I-sinusitis yesikhunta esihlaselayo: Kulesi simo, isikhunta sibhubhisa imithambo yegazi engaphakathi kwekhala. Bese kuthi izicubu ezikuleyo ndawo ziqale ukufa. Lokhu kutheleleka kungasakazeka ngokushesha emehlweni nasebuchosheni, kubangele ubumpumputhe ngisho nokufa. Abantu abanesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo.
• I-sinusitis yesikhunta engapheli: Lokhu kufana nohlobo olubukhali, kodwa kusakazeka kancane kancane. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lolu hlobo.
• I-Granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis (GIFS): Lolu uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi amasosha omzimba wethu asabela ngamandla ngokumelene ne-fungus. Bese amasosha omzimba ehlasela ulwelwesi lwekhala, abhubhise izicubu zekhala. Odokotela abasenawo umbono ocacile wokuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka.

Zivame kangakanani lezi zifo ze-fungi sinus? Ubani ozithola kaningi?

Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngokuvamile banamathuba amaningi okuthola lezi zifo ze-fungal sinus. Ikakhulukazi izifo ezimbi kakhulu zivame kakhulu ku:

• Kulabo abangenwe yi-HIV.
• Abantu abanomdlavuza (isib. i-leukemia, i-lymphoma), noma labo abathola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ngenxa yomdlavuza.
• Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela esingalawuleki kakhulu.
• Abantu abathatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba, isibonelo ama-steroid.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-fungal sinus?

Izimpawu ze-fungal sinusitis ngezinye izikhathi zingafana neze-sinus virus evamile. Kodwa-ke, ukuthi izimpawu ezengeziwe zivela noma cha kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-fungus virus nokuthi iyahlasela noma cha.

Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo ezingahlaseli zibonisa izici ezilandelayo:

• Ukuncipha kwemizwa yokuhogela ngekhala.
• Imfiva.
• Ukuvuvukala kwekhala kanye nemigodi yama-sinus.
• Into enamathelayo ejiyile engase ibukeke njengeglue yerabha, ngokuvamile ephuzi ngegolide, ephuma ekhaleni.
• Ukuminyana kwamakhala.
• Impumulo egobhozayo (i-phlegm).
• Ukuzwa ukucindezeleka nobunzima emihumeni yama-sinus.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu le-sinus.
• Nguwe kuphela onganuka iphunga elibi (njengephunga elivuthayo, iphunga lento ebolile) okungekho omunye umuntu ongalinuka .

Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka basengozini enkulu yokuthola izimpawu ezinzima ezifana nalezi:

• Izinguquko zokuziphatha kanye nezinkinga zezinzwa (ubunzima bokucabanga nokucabanga).
• Izinguquko embala wesikhumba (mhlawumbe umbala wesikhumba uba mhlophe kakhulu noma ube mnyama).
• Ukuzizwa ungenaso isiqiniseko ebusweni.
• Umbono uyashintsha, mhlawumbe ngisho nokulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwezihlathi noma amehlo.

Kungani kwenzeka lesi sifo se-fungal sinusitis? Iyini imbangela?

Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus kungabangelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-fungi. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kutheleleka kwe-sinus ye-fungi kubangelwa isikhunta noma imvubelo. Uma siphefumula, lezi zinhlayiya ezincane ze-fungi zingangena emigodini ye-sinus yethu ngamakhala ethu.

Cabanga ngakho, eziningi zalezi zinhlobo zesikhunta zihlala emizimbeni yethu noma ngaphakathi kuyo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa ngokuvamile azisikhathazi. Okuba yingozi yilapho amasosha ethu omzimba ebuthakathaka. Khona-ke lezi sikhunta zingakhula kalula futhi zibangele izifo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?

Uma izifo ze-fungi ezihlaselayo zingelashwa kahle, i-fungus ingabhubhisa izicubu ezingaphakathi kwekhala futhi isakazekele emehlweni nasebuchosheni. Lezi zinkinga zingaholela ekulimaleni kwezicubu, ubumpumputhe, ngisho nokufa . Abantu abanezimo ezenza buthaka isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (isib. isifo sikashukela, i-leukemia) basengozini enkulu yalezi zinkinga.

Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu ze-fungal sinusitis, ikakhulukazi uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-fungal sinusitis?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzokuhlola kuqala ('ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba'). Uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezempilo, kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, cishe bazoyala ukuhlolwa okuthile, okufana nalokhu:

• I-Endoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela udokotela ukufaka ithubhu elide, elincane (elinekhamera encane ekugcineni) ekhaleni lakho ukuze ahlole imigodi yama-sinus akho. Izithombe ezivela kukhamera zingabukwa kusikrini. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula, okungenabuhlungu.
• I-Biopsy: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy, udokotela wakho angase athathe isampula encane ye-mucus noma izicubu ekhaleni lakho. Lesi sampula sithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kutholakale ukuthi hlobo luni lwegciwane elibangela ukutheleleka kwe-sinus yakho - kungaba yigciwane, igciwane, isikhunta, noma i-parasite. Ingaphinde ibone ukuthi ukutheleleka kuyahlasela yini.
• I-CT scan (i-computed tomography scan): Lokhu kufana ne-X-ray ekhethekile. Kungabonakala kahle ngaphakathi kwemigodi yakho yama-sinus, kutholakale indawo eqondile yokutheleleka, futhi kuhlole ngisho nalawo mabhola e-fungus esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha i-fungal sinusitis. Ukwelashwa okudingayo kuzoncika esimweni sakho.

• Imithi Yokulwa Nesikhunta: Ezinye izinhlobo zokutheleleka zidinga imithi yokulwa nesikhunta. Le mithi ivame ukunikezwa kanye nokuhlinzwa.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-steroid ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-sinus.
• Ukugeza amathumbu: Ezimweni ezifana ne-saprophytic fungal sinusitis, odokotela basusa umucu owomile ekhaleni bese begeza kahle izikhala zama-sinus ngesisombululo sikasawoti (ingxube kasawoti namanzi).
• Ukuhlinzwa kwama-sinus: Kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka, udokotela kungadingeka enze ukuhlinzwa okuvamile. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa izicubu ezithelelekile nokuhlanza indawo kahle. Uma ukutheleleka sekusabalale kakhulu, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungasusa ngisho nezingxenye ezithintekile.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-fungal sinusitis zingase zingadingi ukwelashwa okukhulu kumuntu onesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esinempilo. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwe-fungal sinus okungenayo kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Ingabe lesi simo se-fungal sinusitis singavinjelwa?

Eqinisweni, kunzima ukuvimbela ngokuphelele ukutheleleka kwe-fungi sinus ngoba isikhunta sitholakala yonke indawo emvelweni. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela uma uwela kwelinye lala maqembu ayingozi:

• Uma wake waba nokutheleleka kwe-fungal sinus.
• Uma unesifo esithinta amasosha omzimba wakho.
• Uma uthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba noma uthola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali komdlavuza.

Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka noma usengozini enkulu yokutheleleka nge-fungus sinus, tshela udokotela wakho. Angase akunike imithi yokulwa ne-antifungal ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke.

Kwenzekani uma nginesifo se-fungal sinusitis? Ingabe sizoba ngcono?

Iningi lezifo ze-fungal sinus ezingangenisi, uma zelashwa kahle , ziyaphela ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zezifo zingaphinde zivele ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa.

Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwe-fungal sinus okungenayo kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Isibonelo, isimo esithi "i-acute invasive fungal sinusitis" singabulala cishe ezimweni ezingama-50% uma singalashwa. Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kutheleleka kusakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu, kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, abanye abantu bangase babe nokulimala kwemizwa, ubuhlungu besikhathi eside, noma ukukhubazeka kobuso ngenxa yokulimala kwezicubu.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-fungal sinusitis, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze akuhlole. Kubalulekile futhi ukutshela udokotela wakho uma unezinkinga ze-sinus eziqhubekayo, njenge-sinusitis engapheli, engapheli.

Kufanele ufune nini ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo?

Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-fungal sinus, futhi uwela kunoma yisiphi salezi zigaba ezilandelayo, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha:

• Uma unesifo esithinta amasosha omzimba wakho (isib. i-HIV, isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa, umdlavuza).
• Uma uthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma kukhulunywa ngezifo ze-fungal sinus, zingahluka kusukela kwezincane kuya kwezinzima kakhulu. Ukuthi nje une-fungal sinusitis akusho ukuthi kufanele wesabe. Kodwa kubalulekile ukubona udokotela futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.

Khumbula, ikakhulukazi uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka futhi uba nezimpawu ze-fungal sinusitis, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala. Njengoba ukutheleleka kwe-fungal sinus okungenayo kungasakazeka ngokushesha futhi kubangele ezinye izinkinga ezinkulu, ngisho nezisongela ukuphila.

Ngakho-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela impilo yakho.

I- Sinusitis Yesikhunta, Ukutheleleka Kwesinus, Ukuminyana Kwekhala, Isikhunta, Izimpawu Zesinus, Ukwelashwa Kwesinus, I-Sinusitis Yesikhunta