Cabanga ngalokho owawukujabulela futhi ukukujabulela ukukwenza… mhlawumbe ukuya ohambweni nabangani, ukubukela i-movie enhle, ukwenza ingadi encane, noma ukudla ukudla okuthandayo. Kodwa manje awusazizwa ujabule, ungenanjabulo, 'ukwaneliseka' kunoma yiziphi zalezo zinto? Kuthiwani uma lezo zinto zingasazizwa 'zijabulisa' kuwe? Yilokho esikubiza ngezokwelapha ngokuthi i-anhedonia. Kalula nje, ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokuzwa injabulo.
Iyini ngempela i-Anhedonia?
I-Anhedonia isho “ukuntuleka kwenjabulo.”
Kuwuphawu oluvamile lokucindezeleka nezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo. Eqinisweni, cishe abantu abayisikhombisa kwabayishumi abanesifo sokucindezeleka okukhulu (MDD) bane-anhedonia. Ngokuvamile siyazi ukuthi injabulo iyini, futhi sijabulela izinto ezithile. Kodwa uma lokhu kwenzeka, lowo muzwa wenjabulo uyanyamalala. Ubuthanda ukudla ushokoledi noma ukulalela ingoma. Manje ungathola ukuthi ukwenza lezo zinto kukwenza uzizwe ungajabule kangako. Ungase ungazi nokuthi kungani.
Abantu abaningi badidanisa lokhu nokunganaki, okuyisimo 'sokungafuni ukwenza lutho'. Kodwa lezi yizinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Ukunganaki ukungabi nentshisekelo noma ugqozi lokuqala into ethile. Kodwa i-anhedonia ukungakwazi ukuthola injabulo ngokwenza leyo nto.
Umuntu one-anhedonia angase abe nomuzwa wokuthi ubungane nobudlelwano bomndeni bubalulekile, kodwa angase angazizwa injabulo, noma 'umvuzo', ovela kulezo zinto, ngakho angase azizwe sengathi akukho sizathu sokuzisebenzela kanzima.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-anhedonia?
Yebo, sikhuluma ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-anhedonia. Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo ezimbalwa ezithile. Ake sibheke lezi etafuleni.
| Uhlobo lwe-anhedonia | Kalula nje… |
|---|
| I-Anhedonia Yezenhlalo | Ukungazizwa ungenalo uxhumano noma injabulo ngisho nabangani bakho abakhulu nomndeni wakho. Ukungafuni ukuhlangana nabangani noma ukuya emaphathini. Ukuzizwa ungcono ngokuhlala wedwa ekhaya. |
| I-Anhedonia Engokomzimba | Ukuntuleka kwenjabulo ngenxa yemizwa engokomzimba. Isibonelo, ukuzizwa ungenalutho ngisho noma wangiwa ngothando, ukuzizwa sengathi ukudla okuthandayo akunambitheki kahle, ukungatholi injabulo ngocansi, noma ukuncipha kwesifiso sobulili. |
Izinhlobo ezimbalwa ezithile
- I-Anhedonia Yokulindela: Ukuntuleka kokulindela injabulo ngento ejabulisayo (isb., uhambo) ezayo. Ukungakwazi ukujabula ngayo yize wazi ukuthi izojabulisa.
- I-Anhedonia Yokuqeda Ukucindezeleka: Ukuntuleka kwenjabulo emsebenzini othile ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuntuleka kwenjabulo yokukhuluma nomngane.
- I-Anhedonia Yomculo: Ukungakwazi ukujabulela umculo, umculo, noma ithoni . Ingoma izwakala njengomsindo nje, ngaphandle kwemizwa.
- I-Ejaculatory Anhedonia: Lesi yisimo esithile sempilo yocansi lapho ungase uzizwe ufikelwa ukuvuthwa ngokocansi ngesikhathi socansi kodwa ungazizwa ujabule ngaso.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?
Nakuba i-anhedonia iyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokucindezeleka, kunezinye izici eziningana ezingayibangela. Ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-anhedonia uma unezimo ezilandelayo:
Ngokwesayensi, i-anhedonia ibangelwa
ukuphazamiseka kwezinhlelo zenjabulo nemivuzo ebuchosheni bethu . Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi imbangela eyinhloko ukwehla komsebenzi wekhemikhali ebuchosheni ebizwa ngokuthi
i-dopamine . I-Dopamine iyi-hormone "esizizwa kahle" esenza sizizwe sijabule, sanelisekile futhi sishukunyisiwe. Uma lolu hlelo lwe-dopamine luphazamiseka, sithola injabulo encane.
Ingabe nawe unazo lezi zimpawu?
I-Anhedonia izwakala sengathi ingenalutho. Lapho kwakukhona khona injabulo, manje kungase kube nomuzwa wokungabi nalutho, ukuntuleka kwemizwa. Ngisho nezinto ezinhle azizizwa kahle. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Ukuba ndikindiki
- Ukulahlekelwa isithakazelo ezintweni ozithandayo owawuzijabulela
- Ukuzihlukanisa nabanye nokugwema imisebenzi yomphakathi
- Ubunzima bokwenza izinqumo
- Ukuhlala udabukile, unesizungu, noma ukhathele
- Ukunganaki (ukungabi nasithakazelo noma ugqozi lokwenza noma yini)
- Izinkinga zokulala kanye nokuncipha kwesifiso socansi
Lezi zimpawu azifani kuwo wonke umuntu. Kwabanye abantu, ziyafika zidlule isikhashana, kanti kwabanye, zingase zibe njalo.
Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?
Uma uchaza lezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoqala ahlole ukuthi unesifo sokucindezeleka yini. Bazophinde babheke nezinye izimo zomzimba ezingase zibangele lezi zimpawu. Ukuze wenze lokhu,
- Uzobuzwa imibuzo embalwa mayelana nesimo sakho sengqondo kanye nezimpawu zakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga aphansi e-vitamin D noma ama-hormone e-thyroid.
- Impilo yakho yomzimba izohlolwa.
- Ngezinye izikhathi ungasebenzisa futhi imibuzo ekhethekile (izinhlolovo) eyenzelwe ukukala izinga lakho lenjabulo.
Konke lokhu kwenzelwa ukuhlonza ngokunembile isimo sakho bese ukhetha ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-anhedonia iyimpawu, into ebaluleke kakhulu lapho uyelapha ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo. Uhlelo lokwelapha luvame ukuba yinhlanganisela yemithi kanye nokwelashwa ngokukhuluma.
Imithi
Eminye imithi yokucindezeleka ingasiza. Ikakhulukazi, imithi ethinta amazinga e-dopamine ebuchosheni, njenge
-bupropion (Wellbutrin), iboniswe ukuthi iwusizo kwezinye iziguli. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi imithi yendabuko ye-SSRI ayinawo umthelela omkhulu kulesi simo, futhi ingase idumaze ngisho nemizwa. Ngakho udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yimuphi umuthi okulungele wena. Kwezinye izimo ezingaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ukwelashwa okusha, njengokwelashwa
nge-ketamine , nakho kuyaphenywa.
Ukwelashwa Ngezingxoxo
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yenqubo yokuphulukiswa.
- Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT): Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ubone futhi ushintshe amaphethini akho okucabanga angemahle. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uphonsele inselelo imicabango ekukuvimbela ukuthi uthole injabulo.
- Ukuvuselela Ukuziphatha: Umelaphi ukhuthaza ukuthi uqale kancane kancane ukwenza izinto owawuzijabulela, noma ngabe awufuni ukuzenza. Njengoba uzijwayela kancane kancane, ungase uqale ukuzijabulela futhi.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zifaka phakathi ukwelashwa nge-electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) kanye ne-transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
Izingozi uma zingelashwa
I-Anhedonia ayiyona nje into yokuntula injabulo. Uma ingelashwa, ingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho.
- Ukwehluleka kokuxhumana:Ukuchitha isikhathi nabangani nomndeni kungaba umthwalo ngoba awuzizwa ujabule. Lokhu kungaholela ekubeni kancane kancane ube kude nabo bonke abantu.
- Ukuzihlukanisa nabantu: Kungase kube nokwesaba noma ukungathandi ukuhlangana nabantu nokuhlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi.
- Ukuwohloka kwezimo zempilo yengqondo: I-Anhedonia ingenza izimo ezinjengokucindezeleka zibe zimbi kakhulu.
- Imicabango yokuzibulala: Lena inkinga engathi sína kakhulu . Kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwe-anhedonia nemicabango yokuzibulala.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enemicabango yokuzilimaza noma yokuzibulala, sicela ungahlupheki wedwa. Funa usizo ngokushesha. Ungashayela iSri Lanka Friends ku-011-2692909 noma iNational Mental Health Helpline ku-1926. Lezi zinsizakalo ziyimfihlo futhi zimahhala. Esimweni esiphuthumayo, iya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
I-Anhedonia akuyona inkinga ehlala njalo. Ingelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anhedonia ukungakwazi ukuzwa injabulo ezintweni ezaziletha injabulo. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esivamile sezifo ezifana nokucindezeleka.
- Lokhu akubangelwa ubuvila, kodwa kungenxa yezinguquko ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali afana ne-dopamine ebuchosheni.
- Lesi simo singathuthukiswa ngemithi, ukwelashwa ngokukhuluma, kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukungazihloniphi noma ungesabi, kodwa ukukhuluma nodokotela omethembayo.
I-Anhedonia, i-anhedonia, ukucindezeleka, i-dopamine, impilo yengqondo
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