Cabanga ngomuntu omazi kahle futhi owayephilile ngaphambilini ngokuzumayo uqala ukwenza izinto ezingavamile. Ulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yakhe, abe nobunzima bokuhamba , futhi akhulume kabi lapho ekhuluma. Uma lezi zinto zenzeka ngesivinini esingenakucatshangwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, kungaba ngenxa yesimo sobuchopho esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesifo esisodwa esinjalo, iCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, noma i-CJD njengoba sonke sisibiza kanjalo. Nakuba lesi kuyisihloko esesabekayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi oluphelele ngaso.
Ingabe i-CJD kanye "nesifo sezinkomo ezihlanyayo" kuyinto efanayo?
Abantu abaningi badidanisa i-CJD ne-"Mad Cow Disease." Kodwa-ke, lokhu okubili akufani.
Kalula nje, i-Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) yisifo sobuchopho esithinta izinkomo kuphela. Uma kwenzeka, izinhlelo zezinzwa zezinkomo ziyalimala, okubangela ukuba zingakwazi ukunyakaza futhi ziziphathe ngendlela exakile.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona uhlobo lwe-CJD olungatholwa ngabantu ngokudla inyama yenkomo enesifo se-mad cow . Lubizwa ngokuthi i-Variant CJD (vCJD) . Kodwa lokhu akuvamile kakhulu . Kube nezimo ezimbalwa kakhulu ezibikiwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho-ke akuyona indlela isifo se-CJD esivame ukukhuluma ngaso esenzeka ngayo.
Kungani lesi sifo se-CJD senzeka?
Imbangela eyinhloko ye-CJD ushintsho olungavamile kuphrotheni emzimbeni wethu. Le phrotheni engavamile, eguquliwe ibizwa ngokuthi i-prion .
Cabanga ngephrotheni enempilo ebuchosheni bethu njengephepha eligoqwe kahle. Le phrotheni eguquliwe ebizwa ngokuthi i-prion iyafika bese igoqa leli phepha elihle ngendlela engafanele. Bese lelo phepha eligoqwe ngendlela engafanele liqhubeka ligoqa ezinye izingcezu ezinhle zephepha ngendlela engafanele. Ngakho-ke, amangqamuzana obuchopho ayabhujiswa kancane kancane. Uma ulibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope, leli zicubu lobuchopho elonakele libukeka njengesiponji.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-CJD kuye ngokuthi i-prion yakheka kanjani.
| Uhlobo lwe-CJD | Isizathu kanye nencazelo |
|---|---|
| I-CJD engavamile | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, iphrotheni enempilo iyashintsha ngokuzumayo ibe yi-prion. Iningi leziguli ze-CJD linalolu hlobo. |
| I-CJD yomndeni | Lokhu kubangelwa ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo. Uma omunye wabazali enezakhi zofuzo eziguqukile ezibangela lesi sifo, zingadluliselwa ezinganeni. Kodwa lokhu futhi akuvamile kakhulu. Cishe yi-10%-15% kuphela yeziguli ze-CJD eziwela kulesi sigaba. |
| I-CJD etholiwe | Lolu uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu. Umuntu angangenwa yi-CJD ngemishini yezokwelapha engcolile (isib. ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa), ukufakelwa isitho, noma imijovo ye-growth hormone engcolile. Le ngozi incishiswe kakhulu yizinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile ezibhedlela namuhla. |
Ziyini izimpawu ze-CJD?
Into eyingozi kakhulu nge-CJD ukuthi izimpawu ziqala ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokuvamile, lezi zimpawu zifana neze-dementia.
Izici eziyinhloko ezibonakalayo yilezi:
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo nokudideka
- Ubunzima bokuhamba nokulahlekelwa ibhalansi
- Ukunyakazisa kwemisipha ngokuzumayo (ukunyakaza okuxegayo)
- Ukushintsha kobuntu (ukuthukuthela ngokuzumayo, ukucasuka)
- Ubunzima bokucabanga nokwenza izinqumo
- Izinkinga zokubona
- Ukungalali nokucindezeleka
Umehluko phakathi kwesifo se-CJD nesifo se-Alzheimer's
Lezi zimpawu zingase zikukhumbuze ngesifo i-Alzheimer's . Kodwa umehluko omkhulu ijubane . Esifweni i-Alzheimer's, izinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo zenzeka kancane kancane eminyakeni edlule. Kodwa ku-CJD, isimo sesiguli siba sibi kakhulu ngokushesha, phakathi namasonto noma izinyanga zokuqala kwalezi zimpawu.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo ngqo?
Ngeshwa, akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okungaqinisekisa i-CJD. Odokotela benza ukuxilongwa ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zesiguli nokuthi zikhula ngokushesha kangakanani. Kodwa-ke, uma kusolwa ukuthi lesi sifo sikhona, kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kuqinisekiswe.
- Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kungathatha izithombe ezinemininingwane yobuchopho. Kungabheka izinguquko ezithile ebuchosheni ezenzeka ku-CJD.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho kusetshenziswa izinzwa ezincane ezixhunywe ekhanda. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabonisa amaphethini ajwayelekile ezigulini ze-CJD.
- Ukubhoboza I-Lumbar: Kusetshenziswa inaliti encane kakhulu, kuthathwa inani elincane loketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal ngaphakathi kwentambo yomgogodla bese kuhlolwa amaprotheni athile atholakala ku-CJD.
Ukuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa lesi sifo ngokuqiniseka okungu-100% ukuthatha isampula yezicubu zobuchopho (i-biopsy). Kodwa-ke, ukuthatha isampula enjalo ebuchosheni bomuntu ophilayo kuyingozi kakhulu kokubili esigulini nakudokotela, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukwenziwa. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo siqinisekiswa ngokuqinisekile ngemva kokufa kwesiguli.
Indlela lesi sifo esiba sibi ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
I-CJD idlula ezigabeni eziningana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza kube yinto ebuhlungu kakhulu kokubili isiguli nomndeni waso.
| Isigaba salesi sifo | Izici ezilindelekile |
|---|---|
| Isigaba sokuqala | Ukukhuluma ngokunganaki, isiyezi, ukungazweli ezingxenyeni zomzimba, ukubona izinto ezingekho (ukungaqondi kahle), ukuthukuthela ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukuzihlukanisa nomphakathi, kanye nokungalali. |
| Isigaba sakamuva | Ukungakwazi ukulawula amathumbu kanye nesinye, ubunzima obukhulu bokugwinya nokukhuluma, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo okukhulu, ukwesaba, ukuphumula embhedeni, i-coma. |
Cishe abantu abangu-70% abane-CJD bayafa ngemva kokuxilongwa.Uzofa ungakapheli unyaka. Uma uzwa lokhu, ungase uzizwe wesaba kakhulu, udabuke futhi uthukuthele. Lokhu kujwayelekile kakhulu. Ungahlupheki wedwa ngesikhathi esinjengalesi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho futhi uthole ukwesekwa kwengqondo okudingekayo.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha i-CJD?
Ngeshwa, akukabikho ikhambi noma ukwelashwa kwe-CJD. Abacwaningi bazame imithi eminingana, kodwa ayikho eye yaphumelela.
Okuwukuphela kwento engenziwa njengamanje ukulawula izimpawu . Lokho kusho ukuthi:
- Ukunikeza amaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu.
- Ukunikeza imithi yokuqinisa imisipha kanye nokuqaqamba.
- Ukuhlinzeka ngezinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze isiguli sikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uma isifo sesibi kakhulu, isiguli sizodinga ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi esigcwele. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ukuthola ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo esikhathini esizayo. Uma unesithakazelo, ungabuza udokotela wakho ngezivivinyo zemitholampilo ezihlola ukwelashwa okusha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo iCreutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD) siyisifo sobuchopho esingavamile kakhulu futhi esisakazeka ngokushesha.
- Lokhu kubangelwa iphrotheni eguquliwe ebizwa ngokuthi i-prion ebhubhisa amangqamuzana obuchopho.
- I-CJD kanye ne-"Mad Cow Disease" yizifo ezimbili ezihlukene. Kodwa-ke, kukhona uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lwe-CJD (vCJD) olungatholakala ngokudla inyama yenkomo enesifo.
- Akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo okwamanje. Okungenziwa nje ukulawula izimpawu nokwenza isiguli sikhululeke.
- Uma othile omaziyo ebhekana nezinguquko ezinkulu enkumbulweni, ekuziphatheni, kanye nasekusebenzeni komzimba ngesikhathi esifushane, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha . Ukuxilongwa okusheshayo kubalulekile ekuhleleni nasekunakekeleni okufanele.
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