Ingabe ungumshayeli ochwepheshile oshayela imoto yebhizinisi njengebhasi lomgibeli, iloli elisindayo, isitsha noma i-bowser? Khona-ke, cishe uyazi ukuthi lapho uthola noma uvuselela ilayisense yakho yokushayela, kufanele uthole "isitifiketi sezokwelapha", okungukuthi, isitifiketi sokufaneleka kwezokwelapha. Lokhu akuyona nje iphepha elidinga ukugcwaliswa. Lena inqubo ebaluleke kakhulu eqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho, abagibeli bakho, nabo bonke abanye emgwaqweni. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe namuhla, ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kubhekani ngempela, ukuthi kufanele ukulungiselele kanjani, nokuthi yini okudingeka ukwazi.
Kungani lolu vivinyo lokufaneleka kwezokwelapha lubaluleke kangaka?
Kalula nje, inhloso eyinhloko yalolu vivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umshayeli oshayela imoto enkulu njengemoto esindayo uphilile ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo ukwenza kanjalo. Cabanga ngobukhulu bengozi engenzeka uma umuntu obeshayela imoto amahora amaningi emgwaqweni omkhulu eba nenkinga yempilo ngokuzumayo. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuphepha komphakathi, izinhlaka zikahulumeni ezifana noMnyango Wezimoto (RMV) waseSri Lanka zenze lesi sitifiketi sezokwelapha saba yimpoqo.
Ngokuvamile uzodinga lesi sitifiketi sezokwelapha ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Ukushayela imoto ethwele abagibeli abangaphezu kuka-8 (isib. amabhasi, amaveni enkonzo yasehhovisi).
- Ukushayela izimoto ezithutha izinto eziyingozi (isib. uphethiloli, igesi, amakhemikhali).
- Kokushayela izimoto ezisindayo (isib. amaloli, amabhokisi) anesisindo semoto esingaphezu kwamathani ayi-5 (10,000 kg).
Isitifiketi sezokwelapha sisebenza isikhathi esingakanani?
Uma uphumelela ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, uzothola isitifiketi soMhloli Wezokwelapha (i-MEC) . Lesi sitifiketi sivame ukusebenza iminyaka emibili , ngaphandle kokuthi unesifo esingamahlalakhona esiyisisekelo.
Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe njalo ngonyaka :
- Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus)
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension)
- Isifo senhliziyo
Kwezinye izimo, isibonelo, uma umfutho wegazi wakho uphezulu kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi uye kohlolwa njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu ngenkathi welashwa ukuze uwulawule.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha?
Udokotela ozokuxilonga uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele bese enza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba.
Imibuzo ebuzwe udokotela
- Uke wahlinzwa ngaphambili?
- Yimiphi imithi oyithathayo njengamanje? (kufaka phakathi imithi kadokotela kanye nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela)
- Yiziphi izifo ezingamahlalakhona onazo?
- Uyasebenzisa ugwayi, utshwala, noma ezinye izidakamizwa?
- Yiziphi izimpawu ozibonayo njengamanje?
Ukuhlolwa komzimba
Lolu vivinyo oluphelele kakhulu. Sinaka kakhulu izinto ezilandelayo.
| Isigaba sokuhlola | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo | Ukuphakama, isisindo, umfutho wegazi |
| Umbono | Ubukhali bokubona kanye nokubona imibala ngezibuko noma ngaphandle kwazo. |
| Ukuzwa | Ikhono lokuzwa imisindo ngensiza yokuzwa noma ngaphandle kwayo. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu | Inhliziyo, amaphaphu, isisu, umhlane kanye nomgogodla. |
| Uhlelo lwezinzwa | Ukuzindla, ukuhamba, kanye nokulinganisela. |
| Okunye | Ukuhlola izimo ezifana ne-hernia. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuze kuhlolwe amaprotheni, igazi, noma ushukela emchameni wakho , okungakunikeza izinkomba mayelana nezinye izimo eziyisisekelo, njengesifo sezinso.
Abanye abashayeli bahlushwa yi-obstructive sleep apnea.Uma uhogela kakhulu, unenkinga yokuphefumula ngesikhathi ulele, futhi uzizwa ulele kakhulu emini, ungase ufune ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze akuhlolele lesi simo.
Yini okufanele ngiyiphathe ngaphambi kokuya kohlolwa?
Ukuze wonge isikhathi ngosuku lokuhlolwa kwakho kwezokwelapha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela amadokhumenti adingekayo kusenesikhathi.
| Okufanele ulethe | Labo okufanele baqaphele kakhulu |
|---|---|
| Amagama namakheli abo bonke odokotela obabonayo. | Wonke umuntu. |
| Uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa ozithathayo (nomthamo). | Wonke umuntu. |
| Izibuko zakho, ama-contact lens , noma izinsiza zokuzwa. | Labo abasebenzisa. |
| Incwadi yokurekhoda ushukela egazini kanye nombiko wakamuva wokuhlolwa kwe -HbA1C . | Abantu abanesifo sikashukela . |
| Umbiko wokuthi umshini we-CPAP usetshenziswe kahle. | Abantu abane- Sleep Apnea . |
| Incwadi evela kudokotela wezifo zenhliziyo echaza ukuthi kuphephile ngawe ukushayela kanye nemibiko yokuhlolwa kwamuva (ECG, Echo). | Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo . |
| Incwadi evela kudokotela wezinzwa. | Abantu abanezifo ezifana nokukhubazeka, izimila zobuchopho kanye nesifo sokuwa. |
Izimfanelo zokubona, ukuzwa kanye nomfutho wegazi
Kunemithetho nemigomo ekhethekile mayelana nalezi zindawo ezintathu.
Umbono
- Ukubona kwakho kumele kube ngu-20/40 noma ngaphezulu kweso ngalinye, uma unezibuko noma ungenazo.
- Kumelwe ukwazi ukubona kahle imibala ebomvu, eluhlaza, kanye nephuzi ezimpawini zomgwaqo.
- Ngisho noma ukubona kwakho ngeso elilodwa kungaphansi kancane kwaleli zinga, manje usunethuba lokuthola isitifiketi ngokuthumela umbiko okhethekile kudokotela wamehlo nokuhlangabezana nazo zonke ezinye izimfanelo.
Ukuzwa
- Uma unensiza yokuzwa noma ungenayo, kufanele ukwazi ukuzwa ukunyenyeza okuphoqelelwe komhloli uma usebangeni elingamamitha angu-5 ukusuka lapho .
- Uma wehluleka kulolu vivinyo, uzothunyelwa ku-audiometry test.
- Uma usebenzisa i-hearing aid, kubalulekile ukuyigqoka ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenkathi ushayela.
Ukushaya kwegazi
Lokhu kuyinto ebalulekile kubantu abaningi.
- Uma umfutho wegazi lakho u-140/90 noma ngaphansi: Uyaphasa. Uthola isitifiketi seminyaka emibili.
- Uma umfutho wegazi lakho uphakathi kuka-140/90 no-159/99: Uyaphasa. Kodwa uzothola isitifiketi sonyaka owodwa .
- Uma umfutho wegazi lakho uphakathi kuka-160/100 no-179/109: Uzothola isitifiketi sesikhashana sezinyanga ezi-3 . Uma wehlisa umfutho wegazi wakho ube ngaphansi kuka-140/90 phakathi naleso sikhathi, ungathola isitifiketi sonyaka owodwa.
- Uma umfutho wegazi wakho ungaphezu kuka-180/110: Uyahluleka . Uma usuwehlisile umfutho wegazi wakho waba ngaphansi kuka-140/90, ungafaka isicelo sesitifiketi sezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyisifo esilawulekayo. Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, ungasilawula kalula size sifike ezingeni olifunayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lokhu kuhlolwa kwezokwelapha akuyona nje umthetho, kodwa futhi kubalulekile ekuphepheni kwakho nokwabanye .
- Khuluma iqiniso futhi uthembeke ngokuphelele kudokotela wakho. Ngokufihla isimo sakho sempilo, uzibeka wena nabanye engozini.
- Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, zilawule kahle.Kubaluleke kakhulu. Thatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe futhi ulawule ukudla kwakho.
- Qoqa wonke amarekhodi ezokwelapha adingekayo kanye namadokhumenti ngaphambi kokuya kohlolwa. Lokhu kuzokongela isikhathi futhi kusize udokotela ukuthi enze isinqumo esifanele.
- Nakekela impilo yakho. Ungalondoloza kalula lo mzimba ngokuzigcina kude notshwala nokubhema, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, nokuzivocavoca.
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