Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uqala ukulunywa ngokuzumayo, isikhumba sakho siphenduke sibe bomvu bese siqhuma amabala? Noma ingabe uzizwa ugula esiswini sakho ngokuzumayo futhi uzizwe sengathi ufuna ukuhlanza? Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinto zenzeka ngemva kokusebenzisa iphunga elithile, noma ngemva kokudla ukudla okuthile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingase zenzeke ngaphandle kwesizathu nhlobo. Uma ungakwazi ukuthola isizathu salokhu, futhi unezimpawu ezahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukene, kungenzeka ukuthi kuyinto engaphezu nje kokungezwani komzimba. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye sezimo ezinjalo, i-Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS).
Iyini i-Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)?
Kalula nje, i-MCAS yisimo lapho uhlobo lweseli emzimbeni wethu olubizwa ngokuthi 'amaseli e-mast' luba matasa kakhulu futhi lungadingekile, lukhiphe inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali aqukethwe emzimbeni.
Manje ake sibheke ukuthi la maseli e-mast ayini. Cabanga ngala maseli njengabaqaphi bokuphepha bomzimba. Ayingxenye yesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukulwa nezifo. Kodwa ukungezwani komzimba nakho kubangelwa yila maseli. Ngokuvamile, lapho into eyingozi kithi, isibonelo, i-allergen ingena emzimbeni, la maseli e-mast asebenza futhi akhiphe amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi 'abalamuli'. Lawa makhemikhali yiwona abangela impendulo yokungezwani komzimba emzimbeni wethu. Kumuntu ophilile, le nqubo iwukusivikela.
Kodwa, kumuntu one-MCAS, la maseli e-mast azwela kakhulu . Ajabula kakhulu ngisho nangento encane kakhulu futhi akhiphe inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kufana nokuletha ibutho lonke ukuze libambe isela elincane. Lawa makhemikhali angafuneki yiwo abangela izimpawu eziningi ezingavamile nezikhathazayo esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili.
Kunezinto eziningana ezivame ukubangela la maseli e-mast:
- Izifo
- Eminye imithi
- Ubuthi obuvela ekulunyweni yizinambuzane
- Amaphunga
- Ukucindezeleka
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
- Ukudla okuthile
- Izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni
Ingabe i-MCAS ne-Mastocytosis zizinto ezihlukene?
Yebo, ungazididanisi lezi zibili. Nakuba zombili izimo zihilela amaseli e-mast, ahlukile.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Kalula nje, kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| I-Mastocytosis | Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi umzimba ukhiqiza inani eliphezulu kakhulu lamaseli e-mast. Kufana nokuqasha onogada abaningi kakhulu. Lawa maseli angaphezulu aqoqana ezithweni ezifana nesikhumba, isibindi kanye namathumbu. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. |
| I-MCAS (i-Mast Cell Activation Syndrome) | Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi inani lamaseli e-mast emzimbeni livamile, kodwa amaseli akhona asebenza ngokweqile. Onogada abakhona bajabula ngento encane bese bekhipha amakhemikhali. |
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-MCAS?
I-MCAS ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe kumbangela.
1. I-MCAS Eyinhloko: Lokhu kubangelwa inkinga ngamaseli e-mast ngokwawo. Ngokuvamile, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ``(KIT)`` kubangela ukuthi la maseli aziphathe ngendlela engavamile. I-Mastocytosis yisimo esiyinhloko kulolu hlobo.
2. I-MCAS yesibili: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaseli e-mast evuselelwa enye imbangela yangaphandle. Isibonelo, lokhu kungabangelwa ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba, ukutheleleka okungapheli, noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha.
3. I-Idiopathic MCAS: Igama elithi "Idiopathic" lisho ukuthi "akukho sizathu esingatholakala." Iningi leziguli ze-MCAS linalolu hlobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi asikho isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani la maseli e-mast eziphethe ngendlela engajwayelekile. Izimpawu zingase zivele ezintweni ezintsha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba khona ze-MCAS?
Enye yezinselele ezinkulu nge-MCAS ukuthi izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kakhulu futhi zingathinta izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba ngesikhathi esisodwa.
| Isigaba sezimpawu | Izimpawu ezivame ukubonakala |
|---|---|
| Isikhumba kanye nezici ezijwayelekile | Ukushawa, ukulunywa, ukuqubuka/ukuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukukhathala okungapheli, izinhlungu zomzimba. |
| Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla | Ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, uhudo, ukuqunjelwa. |
| Uhlelo lwezinzwa (lwezinzwa) | Ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinkinga zokukhumbula nokunaka (inkungu yobuchopho), isiyezi, ukuquleka, ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nokungalali. |
| Inhliziyo kanye nesistimu yokuphefumula | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (ukushaya kwenhliziyo), ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqina kwesifuba. |
Ukunakwa okukhethekile: Ukushaqeka kwe-Anaphylactic
I-Anaphylaxis yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu nesisongela ukuphila esingaba khona kubantu abane-MCAS. Lesi yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula, uzizwa sengathi umphimbo wakho unciphile
- Ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi, noma ubuso
- Isilinganiso senhliziyo sishesha kakhulu.
- Ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu kakhulu kanye nokuquleka
- Ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo
- Ukubomvu okungazelelwe kanye nokuqubuka komzimba wonke
Uma uhlangabezana nenye noma ngaphezulu yalezi zimpawu, ungalibali. Shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ngingathola kanjani ukuthi ngine-MCAS?
Ukuthola i-MCAS kungaba nzima kancane ngoba izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzovame ukubheka izinto ezintathu ngokukhethekile.
1. Izimpawu: Ukuba khona kwezimpawu eziphindaphindayo nezingapheli ezifana nokungezwani komzimba ezicutshini zomzimba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu (isib., isikhumba namathumbu).
2. Ukuhlolwa: Amasampula egazi noma omchamo athathwa lapho kuvela izimpawu abonisa amazinga aphezulu amakhemikhali anjenge-"tryptase" kanye ne-"histamine", akhishwa amaseli e-mast.
3. Impendulo ekwelashweni: Izimpawu ziyancipha uma kunikezwa imithi evimba umsebenzi wamaseli e-mast, njengemithi yokubulala amagciwane.
Uma zonke lezi zindlela ezintathu zihlangatshezwa, udokotela angase asole i-MCAS. Ngezinye izikhathi i-MCAS ihambisana nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ``(POTS)`` - Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. Yilapho izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo likhuphuka ngendlela engavamile lapho umile.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Akukho ukwelashwa kwe-MCAS okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zingalawulwa kahle futhi impilo evamile ingafinyelelwa. Ukwelashwa kunemigomo emibili eyinhloko.
1. Ukugwema Izinto Ezibangela Izimpawu: Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho bese uzigwema.
2. Ukulawula izimpawu ngemithi: Udokotela uzokubhalela imithi ehlukahlukene.
- Ama-antihistamine e-H1 kanye ne-H2: Imithi efana ne-Cetirizine, i-Loratadine, ne-Famotidine.
- Iziqinisi Zeseli Le-Mast: Izidakamizwa ezivimbela ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali kumaseli e-mast.
- Ama-Leukotriene Inhibitors: Izidakamizwa ezifana neMontelukast.
- Ezimweni eziphuthumayo: Uma kukhona ingozi ye-anaphylaxis, odokotela beluleka ukuthi uhlale ugcina i-auto-injector (njenge-EpiPen) equkethe `(epinephrine)` eduze.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele uma uhlala ne-MCAS
Ukuhlala ne-MCAS kungaba yinselele, kodwa ngokuphathwa kahle , ungaphila ngempumelelo nalesi simo.
- Ukudla: Ukudla okuthile kungabangela i-MCAS. Qaphela kakhulu ngokudla okune-histamine eningi (ushizi obilisiwe, inhlanzi ekheniwe, utamatisi, isipinashi, ushokoledi). Kungcono ukubonisana nodokotela wakho bese ubona isazi sokudla ukuze sakhe uhlelo lokudla olufanele wena.
- Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka kuyimbangela enkulu ye-MCAS. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ingqondo yakho ikhululekile. Izinto ezifana nokuzindla, i-yoga, kanye nokuzibandakanya entweni oyithandayo yokuzilibazisa kungasiza.
- Thola ukwesekwa: Khuluma nomndeni nabangane ngesimo sakho. Kungasiza futhi ukujoyina amaqembu okusekelana nabantu ababhekene nezimo ezifanayo.
- Ukuxhumana njalo nodokotela wakho: Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo bese ulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) akuyona inganekwane, kodwa yisimo sangempela esihlobene nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
- Izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Uma unezimpawu ezahlukahlukene ongazitholi imbangela yazo, bheka udokotela.
- Ukuhlonza nokugwema izimbangela ezibangela izimpawu zakho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa.
- I-Anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Qaphela izimpawu zayo.
- Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, i-MCAS ingalawulwa kahle futhi ungaphila impilo evamile nesebenzayo. Sebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho ukuze wenze lokhu.
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