Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha ngaphandle kwesizathu? Uzizwa sengathi usanda kubaleka? Uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho siyashaya, uzizwa uphelelwa umoya, uzizwa unesiyezi, futhi amehlo akho aphenduka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Uma uke waba nalezi zenzakalo, esinye sezizathu kungaba yisimo esikhuluma ngaso namuhla esibizwa ngokuthi i-Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome. Ungesabi uma igama lizwakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Iyini ngempela i-Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome?
Kalula nje, i-WPW Syndrome iwushintsho oluncane endleleni izimpawu zikagesi ezihamba ngayo enhliziyweni yethu. Yisimo esiba khona lapho sizalwa.
Cabanga ngakho njengephampu encane. Ukuze le phampu isebenze ngesigqi esifanele, idinga ukuthola izimpawu zikagesi. Ngokuvamile, lezi zimpawu zihamba ngendlela eyodwa kuphela enhliziyweni. Kule ndlela kukhona indawo encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-AV node . Le ndawo ihlanganisa izingxenye ezingaphezulu zenhliziyo (i-atria) kanye nezingxenye ezingezansi (amakamelo e-ventricular) ukuze zifinyele ngokulandelana okuqondile.
Kodwa enhliziyweni yomuntu one-WPW Syndrome, kunendlela yokwengeza ngaphezu kwendlela evamile kagesi. Lokhu kufana "nendlela enqamulelayo" engasetshenziswa ukudlula umgwaqo omkhulu edolobheni.
Le ndlela eyengeziwe, edlula i-AV node elawula izinga, ivumela izimpawu zikagesi ukuthi zihambe ngokushesha kakhulu ziye emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo, ama-ventricle. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amakamelo enhliziyo anciphe ngaphambi kwesikhathi esijwayelekile. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-preexcitation . Lezi zimpawu ezisheshayo nezingavamile zibangela ukuba inhliziyo ishaye ngokushesha ngokuzumayo. Sisebenzisa amagama anjenge-`supraventricular tachycardia - SVT'' noma ``atrial fibrillation - AFib'' kulezi zinhlobo zokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
Khumbula, i-WPW Syndrome ayisona ubuthakathaka enhliziyweni yakho. Imane nje ingushintsho oluncane oluzalwa nalo ohlelweni lukagesi lwenhliziyo.
Lesi simo asivamile kakhulu. Sithinta abantu abaphakathi kuka-1 no-3 kwabayi-1,000 emhlabeni jikelele. Sivame kakhulu kubantu abanezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo abazalwa nazo, njenge-Ebstein's anomaly.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-WPW Syndrome?
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-WPW Syndrome ozoba nezimpawu. Abanye abantu bangase bangazi ukuthi banalesi simo impilo yabo yonke. Kodwa uma kuvela izimpawu, zivame ukwenzeka lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushesha kakhulu.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Uma inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu, amakamelo ayo awabi nesikhathi esanele sokugcwala igazi. Ngenxa yalokho, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni. Yilapho kuvela khona lezi zimpawu.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ezikuthebula elingezansi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo Okukhulu | Umuzwa osheshayo wokuqina kwesifuba, njengokungathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngamandla esifubeni sakho. Lokhu kungenzeka uhleli nje, uzivocavoca, ucindezelekile, noma ngemva kokuphuza isikhuthazi njengekhofi. |
| Isiyezi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu. Lesi simo singase senzeke uma ubuchopho bungatholi igazi elanele. |
| Ukuquleka noma ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka | Amehlo aphenduka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, azizwe ebuthakathaka noma elahlekelwa ingqondo. |
| Ukukhathala noma Ubuthakathaka | Ukuzizwa sengathi umzimba wakho awunampilo, uzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi. |
| Ukuphelelwa umoya | Ukuzizwa ufuthwe noma unenkinga yokuphefumula. |
| Ukucindezeleka noma ukuqina kwesifuba | Umuzwa wokuqina noma isisindo esifubeni. |
Yini ebangela i-WPW Syndrome?
Kwabaningi abantu, akukho sizathu esithile esitholakele se-WPW Syndrome. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwenzeka ngokungahleliwe. Kodwa kubantu abambalwa kakhulu, lesi simo singase sibangelwe yizici zofuzo. Esinye isizathu izinguquko ku-gene ebizwa ngokuthi i-PRKAG2 . Lezi zinguquko zofuzo zingadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo?
Iningi labantu abane-WPW Syndrome liphila impilo ejwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, uma kungelashwa, izinkinga zingavela ngezinye izikhathi. Ungakhathazeki , lezi azivamile. Futhi kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo namuhla ezingazivimbela.
- Izingozi ezibangelwa ukulahlekelwa ingqondo: Uma ulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo, ungawa ulimele.
- Okunye ukukhubazeka kwesigqi senhliziyo: Ingozi yokuthola okunye ukukhubazeka kwesigqi senhliziyo, njenge-atrial fibrillation, inganda.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesilinganiso senhliziyo okuyingozi: Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nesimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Ventricular fibrillation".
- Ukufa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe: Lena inkinga enkulu kakhulu futhi engavamile ye-WPW syndrome. Enye yezinhloso eziyinhloko zokwelashwa ukuqeda ngokuphelele le ngozi.
Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, into yokuqala udokotela wakho azokwenza ukwenza i-ECG (i-electrocardiogram). Lokhu kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokuhlola engenabuhlungu.
I-ECG ingaqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. I-ECG yomuntu onesifo se-WPW ikhombisa iphethini ethile ebangelwa yindlela kagesi eyengeziwe. Sibiza leli phethini ngokuthi "iphethini ye-WPW."
- Iphethini ye-WPW: Ngisho noma unale phethini ethile ku-ECG yakho, uma ungenazo izimpawu, udokotela wakho uzokusho kuphela ukuthi unephethini ye-WPW.
- I-WPW Syndrome: Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba kanye nalesi simo ku-ECG yakho, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi une-WPW Syndrome.
Ngaphezu kwe-ECG, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo eziningana.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Kuyasiza ukubona ukuthi isakhiwo senhliziyo, amakamelo, kanye nama-valve kusebenza kahle yini.
- Ucwaningo lwe-Electrophysiology: Lolu vivinyo oluyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kulokhu, kufakwa izintambo ezincane (ama-catheter) enhliziyweni, kudwetshwa imephu yezindlela zikagesi zenhliziyo, futhi kunqunywa indawo eqondile yendlela eyengeziwe.
- Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca: Wenzelwe ukugijima ku-treadmill futhi i-ECG isetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukuthi umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho kanye nesigqi sishintsha kanjani njengoba uzivocavoca.
- Ukuqapha okuhambahambayo (Isiqaphi se-Holter):Kugqokwa idivayisi encane emzimbeni wakho eqopha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho amahora angama-24 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kusiza ekuboneni izinguquko esigqini senhliziyo yakho njengoba uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile yansuku zonke.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-WPW Syndrome?
Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ze-WPW Syndrome. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwezimpawu zakho, ukuthi zivela kangaki, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho.
| Indlela Yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo | Imithi elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo inganciphisa ukuvama kwezimpawu. |
| Ama-Vagal Maneuvers | Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kushesha, kunezinto ezilula ongazenza ekhaya ukuze kusize ukuthi ibuyele esimweni sayo esijwayelekile. Isibonelo, ukukhwehlela kakhulu noma ukusula ubuso bakho ngethawula elibandayo. Udokotela wakho uzokufundisa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu. |
| Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo | Esimweni esiphuthumayo, okungukuthi, uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuqhubeka nokushesha, indlela yokubuyisela ukushaya kwenhliziyo esimweni esijwayelekile ngokuletha ukushaqeka okuncane kagesi esifubeni esibhedlela. |
| Ukususwa kwe-Catheter | Lokhu ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokuhlala njalo kwe-WPW Syndrome. Kulokhu, kufakwa ucingo oluncane (i-catheter) enhliziyweni ngomthambo wegazi esinqeni, kutholakale indlela kagesi eyengeziwe, bese ivalwa ngamandla e-radiofrequency noma i-cryoablation. Lokhu ukwelashwa okuphumelele ngaphezu kuka-94%. Ngemva kwalokhu, lesi sifo singalapheka ngokuphelele. |
| Ukususwa Kokuhlinzwa | Indlela esetshenziswa kuphela uma indlela yokukhipha i-catheter yehluleka noma uma kudingeka olunye ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. |
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma une-WPW Syndrome, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho ukuze ahlolwe njalo (ukulandelwa). Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele ufike kangaki. Futhi, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezimpawu zakho noma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Uma uphila nesimo esinjengalesi, ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe wesaba futhi ukhathazekile. Lokho kuyinto evamile kakhulu. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, esikhundleni sokukugcina uyimfihlo, ukukhuluma nomuntu omethembayo, noma ngisho nomeluleki, kungaba kuhle kakhulu empilweni yakho yengqondo.
Nini ukuya e-ETU ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo
Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha .
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni .
- Ukuquleka.
- Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho okusheshayo kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa futhi kunganciphi ngisho nangemva kokwenza i-Vagal Maneuvers udokotela wakho akunikezile.
Uma uquleka, ungase ungakwazi ukuzisiza. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazisa umndeni wakho nabangani ochitha nabo isikhathi ngesimo sakho. Ngaleyo ndlela, bazokwazi ukuthi benzeni esimweni esiphuthumayo.
Lizoba njani ikusasa lami ngalesi simo?
Iningi labantu abane-WPW Syndrome abathola ukwelashwa okufanele bangaphila impilo evamile nenempilo . I-Catheter Ablation, ikakhulukazi, ingayelapha ngokuphelele leso simo futhi ikuvikele engcupheni yokufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
Kungase kudingeke uqaphele ngezinto ezithile empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Isibonelo, kungcono ukugwema izinto ezingenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngokushesha.
- Utshwala
- I-caffeine (ikhofi, amatiye athile, iziphuzo ezibandayo)
- Izinto ezivuselelayo njenge-nicotine (ukubhema)
- Ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima nokunzima (buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba okuphephile kuwe)
Uma ingane yakho ine-WPW Syndrome...
Njengomzali, ungase uzizwe wesaba kakhulu uma uthola ukuthi ingane yakho inalesi simo. Lokho kuvamile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wengane yakho bese ubuza yonke imibuzo yakho.
Isibonelo, thola imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi kuphephile yini ukuthi ingane yakho idlale imidlalo noma ukuthi yenzeni uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yayo likhuphuka esikoleni. Udokotela angakusiza futhi ukuchaza isimo ngolimi ingane yakho eluqondayo.
Igama elithi WPW Syndrome lingase lesabe. Kodwa khumbula, yisimo esingaphathwa, futhi ezimweni eziningi, esingelapheka ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lezokwelapha balapha ukuzokusiza. Ngakho-ke ungangabazi ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome yisimo sokuzalwa esibangelwa ukuba khona komzila kagesi owengeziwe enhliziyweni.
- Izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi zingase zivele ngokuzumayo. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nezimpawu.
- Isivivinyo esiyinhloko sokuthola lesi sifo yi-ECG.
- Ungakhathazeki! Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kulokhu. Ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-Catheter Ablation kungasiqeda ngokuphelele lesi sifo ezimweni ezingaphezu kuka-94%.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuquleka, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okuqhubekayo, hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngezimpawu zakho kanye nokwelashwa kwakho. Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, ungaphila impilo enempilo ngokuphelele.
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