Yɛn nipadua ho banbɔfo: Momma yensua Complement System no ho ade kɛkɛ!

So woasusuw nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ asraafo nkumaa, a ɛko kɛse de gye yɛn fi nyarewa mu no ho pɛn? Wiɛ, yɛn nipadua wɔ ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Eyi fã a ɛho hia yiye ne ‘Complement System’ a yɛrebɛka ho asɛm nnɛ no. Ɛwom sɛ edin no yɛ nwonwa kakra de, nanso ɛyɛ adwuma kɛse!

Enti, dɛn na ɛba ankasa wɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛma nneɛma bom yi ho?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, complement system no te sɛ yɛn nipadua no nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu ahobammɔ . Fa no sɛ asraafo dɔm a wɔrebɔ yɛn man ho ban. Enti, nhyehyɛe a ɛma nneɛma bom no te sɛ asraafo dɔm titiriw bi a ɛwɔ saa asraafo dɔm no mu. Ɛno ne nea edi kan a ɛkɔ ɔko. Ɛwɔ dwumadi atitiriw pii:

• Ɛhu na ɛde n’ani si nneɛma a epira yɛn nipadua so, te sɛ mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba (e.g. mmoawa). Ɛte sɛ nea wuhu ɔtamfo bi.
• Sɛ kuru anaa ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ nipadua no mu baabi a, ɛboa ma saa beae no sa. Ɛne sɛ, sɛ kuru bi wɔ hɔ a , ɛhohoro na ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛnte saa? Saa adeyɛ no, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛboa nso ma wodi ‘ ɔfe ’ so. Eyi yɛ ade pa bere a ɛho hia no.
• Eyi nkwammoaa a asɛe fi yɛn ankasa nipadua mu, na ɛma kwan ma nkwammoaa foforo nyin. Ɛte sɛ nea woreyi nneɛma a abubu afi hɔ na woama nneɛma foforo anya baabi.
• Woyi ahɔho, kyerɛ sɛ, mmoawa a efi abɔnten fi yɛn nipadua mu.

Borɔfo asɛmfua 'complement' kyerɛ sɛ 'to complement' anaa 'to help'. Enti nhyehyɛe yi nyaa ne din efisɛ ɛboa nkwammoaa afoforo a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no, na ɛma wɔn adwuma no di yiye.

Henanom ne nkamfo nhyehyɛe yi mufo?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea ɔwɔ saa defense force yi mu. Protein soronko na ɛyɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛma nneɛma bom yi . Yɛfrɛ eyinom plasma protein ahorow . Eyinom wɔ yɛn mogya mu. Sɛ wode afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ wɔn nkutoo a, wubetumi ahu wɔn yiye. Wo de susuw ho hwɛ, plasma protein ahorow te sɛ eyinom bɛyɛ 50 na ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛka saa nhyehyɛe a ɛma nneɛma bom yi ho! Wɔn mu biara wɔ adwuma soronko bi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na protein ahorow yi fi ase yɛ adwuma?

Eyi yɛ asɛm a ɛyɛ anigye yiye. Saa protein ahorow yi taa da wɔ yɛn nipadua mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ‘wɔadum’. Te sɛ nea wɔada. Nanso, sɛ ntɛmpɛ bi si, sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ yepira yɛn nipadua, anaasɛ sɛ mmoawa bi a wɔde yare ba hyɛn mu a, ɛno na saa nkurɔfo yi sɔre, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ ‘on’. Ɔkwan a eyi fa so no yɛ nwonwa yiye. Ɛte sɛ domino agodie a wɔde di agoru.So woahu domino ahorow a ɛtoatoa so pɛn na sɛ biako hwe ase a, ɛhwe ase na ɛbɔ nea edi hɔ no, na nea edi hɔ no hwe ase na ɛbɔ nea edi hɔ no... Ɛno ne nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ ha nso. Sɛ wɔma protein biako yɛ adwuma a, ɛkɔ so na ɛma protein a edi hɔ no yɛ adwuma. Nea edi hɔ no, na afei nea edi hɔ no... Na nea ɛkeka ho no, protein ahorow no yɛ adwuma mmiako mmiako. Yɛfrɛ saa nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu adeyɛ yi ‘cascade’ . Sɛ wɔma protein biara yɛ adwuma a, ɛyɛ n’adwuma, na protein a edi hɔ no yɛ adwuma. Wɔahyehyɛ no yiye, ɛnte saa?

Ɛhe na nhyehyɛe a ɛma nneɛma bom yi wɔ wɔ yɛn nipadua mu?

Wɔyɛ protein ahorow a ɛho hia yi wɔ yɛn mmerɛbo mu . Wɔyɛ wɔn wɔ hɔ, afei wɔhyɛn yɛn mogya mu, na wɔkyinkyin yɛn nipadua nyinaa mu. Wɔkɔ yɛn ntini mu nso. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ awɛmfo yi kyinkyin yɛn nipadua no mu baabiara, hwehwɛ ɔhaw ahorow wɔ baabi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na basabasayɛ betumi asɔre wɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛma nneɛma bom no mu?

Seesei wunim sɛ saa nhyehyɛe a ɛma nneɛma bom yi ho hia yiye ma yɛn nipadua no ahobammɔ. Enti, sɛ sintɔ anaa mfomso bi wɔ eyi mu a, dɛn na ɛba? Wo de susuw nea ɛbɛba sɛ yɛn ahobammɔ asraafo no ho yɛ na asraafo anaa sɛ wonni akode a ɛfata a? Ɔman no bɛyɛ nea ahobammɔ nnim, ɛnte saa? Saa na ɛte. Ɔhaw ahorow betumi asɔre wɔ akwan abien so: 1. Sɛ protein ahorow a ɛka ho no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye, anaasɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛdɔɔso (complement deficiency): Sɛ protein ahorow yi sua anaasɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye a, yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no bɛyɛ mmerɛw. Afei wɔfrɛ yɛn ‘nkwaboaa a ɛko tia nyarewa’ . Nnipa a wɔte sɛɛ betumi anya nyarewa mpɛn pii. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa nyarewa yi betumi ayɛ nea emu yɛ den yiye. Nhwɛso bi ne tebea bi a asiane wom a wɔfrɛ no sepsis . 2. Sɛ complement proteins yɛ adwuma dodo (overactivity): Ɛtɔ mmere bi a saa protein ahorow yi bɛyɛ adwuma boro so. Wɔtaa yɛ adwuma na ɛho nhia. Nea ɛba saa bere no ne sɛ yɛn ankasa nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw nso betumi asɛe. Eyi betumi ama yɛanya tebea horow a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa , baabi a yɛn ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa nipadua so, ne tebea horow a ɛma obi ho hyehye no . Tebea horow a ebetumi afa complement nhyehyɛe no ho wɔ saa kwan yi so no bi ne:

• Akisikuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew
• Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ( wɔsan frɛ no mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu) .
• Kokoram ahorow bi , sɛ nhwɛso no , mogya mu kokoram , lymphoma
• Asaabo mu yare
• Macular degeneration a ɛyɛ mmerɛw(Eyi yɛ aniwa yare) .
• Rheumatoid arthritis (eyi yɛ yare a ɛma nkwaa hohoro na ɛyɛ yaw) .

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ebetumi ahu ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ complement system no mu?

Sɛ complement system no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, yɛka sɛ yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw. Afei, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi betumi ada adi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Sɛ saa nneɛma yi taa si a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba ne:

• Nyarewa a wɔtaa nya. Sɛ wotaa nya atiridiinini ne atiridiinini, anaasɛ sɛ wonya bi pɛnkoro na egye bere tenten ansa na ayɛ yiye a.
• Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka bere nyinaa (Ɔbrɛ). Nkate a ɛne sɛ wuntumi nyi ɔbrɛ no mfi hɔ bere a woada yiye mpo no.
• Nkwaa mu yaw.
• Nipadua no afã horow a ɛho ahonhon/ɔfe.

Sɔhwɛ bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔde bɛhwɛ sɛnea me complement system no akwahosan te?

Sɛ wotaa yare, anaasɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no bi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo besi gyinae sɛ ɔbɛhwɛ wo complement system no. Wɔtaa de mogya mu nhwehwɛmu na ɛyɛ eyi .

• Complement test: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobɛfa wo mogya bi na woahwɛ protein dodow a ɛwɔ mu ne sɛnea ɛreyɛ adwuma yiye. Wobetumi ahwɛ protein ahorow bi mmiako mmiako anaa ne nyinaa. Eyi betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu sɛ ebia wo complement system no yɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛyɛ adwuma dodo.

Nea wubetumi asua afi sɔhwɛ yi mu:

• Dɛn nti na wotaa nya nyarewa saa?
• So yare bi wɔ hɔ a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa, na sɛ ɛte saa a, ayaresa no tu mpɔn dɛn?
• Wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no akwahosan te dɛn wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so?

Bio nso, sɛ wosusuw sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu a, nnuruyɛfo betumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Complete Blood Count (CBC): Eyi ma wonya nsɛm a ɛfa nkwammoaa ahorow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu (nkwaboaa kɔkɔɔ, nkwammoaa fitaa, mogya mu nkwammoaa).
• Immunoglobulin (antibody) dodow: Eyinom nso yɛ protein ahorow a ɛho hia wɔ yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa nyarewa a ɛwɔ complement system no mu?

Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ complement nhyehyɛe no mu a, ayaresa gyina sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no a wobedi so na wɔasa nea ɛde ba no so (i.e., sɛ ebia complement nhyehyɛe no asɛe anaasɛ ɛyɛ adwuma dodo) . Ayaresa a wɔtaa de di dwuma no bi ne:

• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa: Sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ a, sa mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba.
• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare: Wobetumi de eyi asesa sɛnea nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ adwuma wɔ kokoram anaa nyarewa a nipadua no ankasa tumi ko tia nyarewa bi mu.
• Aduru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Wɔde saa ayaresa yi ma de siw complement system no so sɛ ɛyɛ adwuma boro so a.
• Mogya anaa mogya mu a wɔde ma: Sɛ protein a ɛka ho no nni hɔ a, wɔde saa kwan yi di dwuma de ma wɔ abɔnten.
• Vaccination: Ɛho hia sɛ wonya vaccination, titiriw de bɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa te sɛ pneumococcal disease , efisɛ saa nyarewa yi betumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ nnipa a wɔn complement systems ayɛ mmerɛw no mu.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ama me complement system no anya apɔwmuden?

Nokwarem no, yɛrentumi nsakra ɔkwan a complement nhyehyɛe no fa so yɛ adwuma no tẽẽ. Ɛyɛ biribi a ɛkɔ so wɔ yɛn nipadua mu wɔ awosu mu. Nanso, yebetumi aboa ma yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa nyinaa anya apɔwmuden. Afei ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ complement system no bɛyɛ n’adwuma yiye. Enti, dɛn na yebetumi ayɛ?

• Hwɛ yiye sɛnea wubetumi biara wɔ opira ne akwanhyia ho.
• Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ. Fa nnuaba, nhabannuru, ne nsu pa pii ka w’aduan ho.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa. Sɛ obi nantew simma 30 kɛkɛ da biara mpo ye.
• Ahotew ho nneyɛe pa a wode bedi dwuma, te sɛ wo nsa a wobɛhohoro mpɛn pii ne ahotew a wobɛma ho atew.
• Dae a ɛfata a wobenya. Bɔ mmɔden sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wobɛda nnɔnhwerew 7-8 da biara.

Sɛnea w’adamfo paa boa wo wɔ biribiara mu no, saa ara na complement system no boa yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa ma wɔbɔ wɔn ho ban fi akyi atamfo ne asiane ahorow ho. Enti, ɛdenam wo nipadua nyinaa a wobɛhwɛ so yiye denam nna pa a wobɛda, ahotew a wobɛma, aduan a ɛkari pɛ a wubedi, ne wo nipadua a wobɛhwɛ so yiye so no, wubetumi ama wo complement system no ayɛ nea ahoɔden wom.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Okay, enti mesusu sɛ seesei wowɔ adwene pa wɔ saa ‘Complement System’ yi a yɛkaa ho asɛm nnɛ no ho. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a:

• Complement system no yɛ yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no fã a ɛho hia yiye, te sɛ awɛmfo nketewa a wɔwɔ yɛn nipadua mu.
• Eyi yɛ protein soronko (plasma proteins) .
• N’adwuma titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛbɔ yɛn nipadua ho ban afi mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba, opira, na aboa ma wɔasa denam nkwammoaa a asɛe a ebeyi afi hɔ no so.
• Saa dwumadi yi a enni hɔ anaasɛ ɛyɛ adwuma boro so no betumi de akwahosan ho haw ahorow aba.
• Sɛ wotaa nya ɔyare mmoawa, wobrɛ dodo, anaasɛ wo nkwaa mu yɛ wo yaw a, ɛho hia sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu .
• Yɛn nipadua mu nkwaadɔm a ɛko tia nyarewa nyinaa a yɛbɛma ayɛ yiye no nso boa nhyehyɛe a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma no.

Mma ɛnhaw wo, ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma woadi tebea horow yi ho dwuma. Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛ wususuw sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ na woanya afotu ne ayaresa a ɛfata. Wo duruyɛfo ne onipa a oye sen biara a ɔbɛboa wo.