Sɛ worehwɛ kwan sɛ wobɛyɛ ɛna a, ɛho behia sɛ woyɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii, ɛnte saa? Scans, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu... Eyinom mu no, ebia woate ‘AFP nhwehwɛmu’ no ho asɛm. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka kakra na woapɛ sɛ wuhu bere a wote eyi no. Ɛnanom pii ho popo bere a wɔte sɔhwɛ yi din a. Enti, ɛno nti na ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi a wɔfrɛ no Alpha-fetoprotein (Alpha-fetoprotein - AFP) ho asɛm wɔ kasa tiawa a wobɛtumi ate ase mu.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne AFP?
Nokwarem no, ɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) yɛ protein a wo ba a ɔrenyin no mmerɛbo na efi awosu mu yɛ. Saa protein yi nso fi wo ba no mu kɔ wo mogya mu. Enti, nea nnuruyɛfo yɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛfa wo mogya bi na wɔasusuw AFP dodow a ɛwɔ mu no.
Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ eyi nyɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde hu yare . Wɔfrɛ no nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu . Ɛne sɛ, ɛma wohu sɛ ebia akokoaa no wɔ asiane mu sɛ obenya awo mu dɛmdi bi, titiriw ntini mu ntini mu dɛmdi bi. Ntini mu ntini no yɛ akokoaa nipadua no fã a ɛbɛyɛ amemene ne akyi berɛmo daakye.
Wei kyerɛ sɛ saa nhwehwɛmu yi nkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ yareɛ bi 100%. Ɛma nea ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebetumi aba ara kwa. Ebia eyi yɛ "Quad Screen" sɔhwɛ nhyehyɛe a ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ no fã.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi ne bere bɛn?
Eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye, a wɔyɛ no daa. Biribiara nni hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ wusuro.
- Bere: Wɔtaa yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi wɔ adapɛn 15 kosi 20 ntam wɔ wo nyinsɛn no akyi . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ woadi bɛyɛ asram 4.
- Sɛnea wɔyɛ: Sɛnea wotaa de mogya ma wɔ yare foforo biara ho no. Mfiridwuma ho nimdefo de ade ketewaa bi bɛtwe mogya kakraa bi afi ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu no mu. Wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew kakra, na ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew kakra wɔ baabi a wɔde ade no hyɛɛ mu no. Ɛno ne no. Afei wɔde wo mogya bɛkɔ akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu.
Dɛn na nea efi mu ba no ka?
Eyi ne ɔfã a ɛma nnipa pii suro. Nanso ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛka ankasa. Mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛyɛ?
Mpɛn pii no, nneɛma ahorow abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ a wobetumi anya afi mu aba. Momma yɛnte ase wɔ pon te sɛ eyi so.
| Nsunsuansoɔ | Nea ebetumi akyerɛ (Possible Indication) . |
|---|---|
| Nea efi mu ba a ɛyɛ daa anaasɛ nea enye | Eyi ne asɛmpa no. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wo ba no sua koraa sɛ obenya ntini mu ntini mu dɛmdi anaasɛ nkwaboaa mu nkwaadɔm afoforo bi a ɛnteɛ. |
| AFP dodow a ɛkorɔn sen sɛnea wɔhwɛɛ kwan | Eyi betumi akyerɛ sɛ hokwan ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ akokoaa no wɔ ntini mu ntini mu dɛmdi (e.g. spina bifida). Nanso, nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aka eyi. |
| AFP dodow a ɛba fam sen sɛnea na wɔhwɛ kwan | Ebia eyi bɛkyerɛ sɛ hokwan ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ nkwaboaa mu nkwaadɔm a ɛnteɛ te sɛ Down syndrome anaa Edwards syndrome bɛba. |
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ nea ɛfata a, so ɛsɛ sɛ mehaw me ho?
Nsuro! Bio nso, eyi yɛ asiane ara kwa. Esiane sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ akokoaa no ho. Mpɛn pii no eyinom betumi ayɛ " atoro nsusuwii pa." Ɛne sɛ, ebia sɔhwɛ no bɛkyerɛ sɛ akokoaa no wɔ ɔhaw bi, ɛwom mpo sɛ ɔhaw biara nni hɔ de.
Nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a enti AFP dodow betumi ayɛ kɛse anaasɛ ɛba fam.
- Nyinsɛn mfe a wɔabu ho akontaa wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so: Ebia wo nyinsɛn mfe no bɛyɛ dapɛn biako anaa abien a wobɛtwe afi nea wususuw ho. Eyi betumi aka nea efi mu ba no kɛse, efisɛ AFP dodow gu ahorow dapɛn biara.
- Twins : Sɛ worewo mmanoma a, AFP dodow a ɛwɔ ɛna no mogya mu no bɛkɔ soro fi awosu mu efisɛ nkokoaa abien no nyinaa reyɛ AFP. Ebia wunnim mpo sɛ worewo mmanoma!
- W’akwahosan tebea horow:Nneɛma te sɛ wo nipadua mu duru ne sɛ ebia wowɔ asikreyare nso betumi aka nea efi mu ba yi.
Okay, enti dɛn na ɛba akyi?
Sɛ wo AFP aba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ anammɔn a edi hɔ no nkakrankakra, a ɔrenbɔ hu.
1. Nea afi mu aba no a wobɛsan ahwɛ : Ɛtɔ mmere bi a oduruyɛfo no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu foforo na ama woahu nea afi mu aba no. Mpɛn pii no, nea efi mu ba no san ba sɛnea ɛte bere a ɛto so abien no.
2. Detailed Ultrasound Scan: Eyi ne ade a edi hɔ a ɛho hia sen biara. Oduruyɛfo no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ Ultrasound scan pa. Efi eyi mu no, .
- Wubetumi asi da pɔtee a wunyinsɛn no so dua.
- Wubetumi ahu pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ wɔyɛ mmanoma anaa.
- Wobetumi ahwɛ akokoaa no nipadua mu akwaa ahorow, titiriw amemene, n’akyi berɛmo, ne ne koma mu yiye ahwɛ sɛ awo mu dɛmdi bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
3. Nhwehwɛmu titiriw afoforo: Sɛ adwenem naayɛ bi da so ara wɔ ultrasound scan no akyi a, oduruyɛfo no betumi akamfo nhwehwɛmu foforo akyerɛ. Ɛno yɛ sɔhwɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no amniocentesis . Ɛha no, wɔfa nsu (amniotic fluid) a atwa akokoaa no ho ahyia no kakraa bi pɛ na wɔsɔ hwɛ. Eyi betumi ama wɔanya nsɛm pɔtee a ɛsi so dua.
4. Aduruyɛ mu anim a wobɛkɔ: Wɔ anammɔn biara mu no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo. Ka nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo ho asɛm kyerɛ no. Sɛ ɛho hia a, obetumi de wo akɔ oduruyɛfo bi nkyɛn.
Gyinaesi a wubesi wɔ bere a ɛte sɛɛ mu no betumi ayɛ den. Nanso kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nko ara. Wo duruyɛfo ne w’aduruyɛfo kuw no wɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛboa wo na wɔama wo nsɛm a wuhia nyinaa. Wubetumi ne wɔn akasa na woasi gyinae a eye sen biara ama wo ne w’abusua.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- AFP yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛma wohu akokoaa no akwahosan, nanso ɛnkyerɛ sɛ yare bi wɔ hɔ 100%.
- Sɛ sɔhwɛ no mu aba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, mma wo ho nnpopo. Ebetumi afi nneɛma afoforo te sɛ mmanoma a wɔwo anaasɛ nyinsɛn mfe a wɔabu ho akontaa wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.
- Mma nnhuruw nkɔ nsɛm a egyina AFP aba no nkutoo so. Ultrasound scan a edi hɔ ne nhwehwɛmu afoforo bɛma woahu mfonini a emu da hɔ.
- Ɛyɛ wo hokwan sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa pefee wɔ dadwen anaa ehu biara a ebia wowɔ ho. Ɛsan nso yɛ ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so abrɛ wo suro ase.
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