So wo honam ani reyɛ bruu? Momma yɛnka cyanosis ho asɛm!

So woahu sɛ nnipa binom honam ani, wɔn anofafa, anaa wɔn nnadewa dan bruu pɛn? Anaasɛ ebia wo nso woayɛ saa. Eyi ne nea wɔfrɛ no cyanosis wɔ nnuruyɛ mu. Dɛn ankasa ne cyanosis? Dɛn nti na eyi ba? Momma yɛnka ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri nnɛ, te sɛ nea yɛne yɛn adamfo rekasa no.

Dɛn ne cyanosis? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, cyanosis yɛ bere a wo honam ani, w’ano, anaa wo nsateaa nnadewa yɛ bruu bere a oxygen kakraa bi na ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no. Sɛ wo honam ani yɛ tuntum a, ebia saa bruu yi bɛda adi kɛse wɔ w’ano, w’anom, wo nsateaa nnadewa, ne w’ani ho. Asɛmfua ‘cyanosis’ no fi asɛmfua ‘cyan’ mu. Cyan yɛ kɔla a ɛyɛ bruu-ahabammono.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so. Mpɛn pii no, yɛn mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no de mframa pa kɔ yɛn nipadua no fã biara, kɔ ntini biara mu. Sɛ oxygen wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi mu yiye a, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ hyew . Te sɛ cherry a abere fɛfɛɛfɛ. Enti, sɛ mogya a oxygen wom yi fa yɛn nipadua nyinaa mu a, yɛn honam ani kɔla yɛ pink anaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ hare. Saa na apɔwmuden hwɛbea te.

Nanso, sɛ biribi nti mogya no nnya oxygen a ɛdɔɔso , kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ oxygen dodow no sua a, saa mogya kɔkɔɔ a ɛhyerɛn no dan tuntum kakra, te sɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ bruu . Enti, sɛ mogya tuntum a mframa pa nni mu yi di akɔneaba wɔ nipadua no mu a, honam ani, anofafa, ne nnadewa fi ase yɛ bruu. Sɛ yehu baabi a kɔla bruu yi dɔɔso wɔ nipadua no mu a, ebetumi aboa yɛn ma yɛahu nea ɛde ba.

Dɛn na cyanosis kyerɛ? So ɛyɛ aniberesɛm?

Cyanosis yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ w’akwaa, wo ntini, ne ntini afoforo nnya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛma woatumi ayɛ adwuma yiye . Ɛte sɛ dua a ɛreyow a nsu nni mu. Yɛn nipadua nso ntumi nyɛ adwuma a oxygen nni mu.

Tebea ahorow ne nneɛma ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi de saa tebea a ɛne cyanosis yi aba. Ɛtɔ da bi a, honam ani bruu ne anofafa a ɛyɛ bruu betumi ayɛ ade a ɛfata a asiane biara nni ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebetumi asi bere a awɔw a ano yɛ den ahyɛ wo so no. Nanso, tebea horow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ayɛ aniberesɛm araa ma ɛho behia sɛ wɔsa yare ntɛm ara . Enti, sɛ wuhu cyanosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, ɛnyɛ papa sɛ wobɛfa no adewa.

Nea ɛde cyanosis ba no betumi ayɛ nea ɛfa yɛn ahurututu, koma, anaa ntini a ɛwɔ mfinimfini (kyerɛ sɛ, amemene ne akyi berɛmo) ho titiriw.

Dɛn ne cyanosis ahorow?

Cyanosis ahorow atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

1. Blueness a atwa ano nkutoo ho ahyia - Circumoral Cyanosis

Eyi ne bere a w’ano anaa w’ano a atwa ho ahyia nkutoo na ɛdan bruu.Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ perioral cyanosis.

Fa no sɛ akokoaa bi, sɛ ne ho yɛ nwini kakra a, n’ano betumi ayɛ bruu. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata ma nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn foforo , enti ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhaw adwene. Wunim dɛn? Sɛ yɛkɔ awɔw mu a, mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a yɛfrɛ no mogya ntini no twetwe kakra. Afei mogya a ɛsen no so tew kakra, na ɛno nti oxygen a wɔde ma no so tew. Ɛno nti na anofafa no dan bruu no.

Sɛ nhwɛso no, mmofra a wɔanyinyin mpo, bere a wɔredi agoru wɔ abɔnten da a awɔw wom kɛse, anaasɛ awɔw mu anɔpatutuutu wɔ beae te sɛ Nuwara Eliya no betumi ama wɔn ano ayɛ bruu. Eyi taa kɔ bere bi akyi bere a nipadua no ho ayɛ hyew no.

2. Blue kɔla a ɛwɔ akwaa no mu - Peripheral Cyanosis

Wɔ saa type yi mu no , nsa, nsateaa, nansoaa, ne/anaasɛ nansoaa nkutoo na ɛdan bruu. So woakɔ baabi a awɔw wom paa na woanhyɛ sɔks anaa stokɛ pɛn? Wo nsa ne wo nan betumi adan bruu na woate nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw. Eyi yɛ ade koro no ara.

Mpɛn pii no, eyi nyɛ nea ɛde nkwa to asiane mu . Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ wuhu nea ɛde ba, efisɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia nea ɛde ba no behia ayaresa ntɛm ara. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, ebetumi asɛe ade daa.

3. Ɛdan ​​bruu wɔ nipadua no nyinaa so - Central Cyanosis

Eyi yɛ tebea a ebetumi ayɛ nea emu yɛ den kakra asen ahorow abien a aka no . Wɔ mfinimfini cyanosis mu no, akwaa akyi no, nipadua no afã afoforo nso dan bruu . Sɛ nhwɛso no, mmeae te sɛ koko, afono, tɛkrɛma, anom, ne anofafa.

Mpɛn pii no , koma, ahurututu, anaa mogya tebea horow a emu yɛ den na ɛde eyi ba . Enti, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛho hia kɛse sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara .

Dɛn ne cyanosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne sɛ honam ani yɛ bruu . Wobetumi ahu saa bruu yi nso wɔ w’ano, wo tɛkrɛma, w’anom, w’aso, ne wo nsateaa nnadewa mu.

Sɛ wo honam ani yɛ tuntum a, cyanosis betumi ayɛ fitaa anaasɛ ayɛ fitaa. Ɛda adi kɛse wɔ anofafa, tɛkrɛma, anom, nsateaa nnadewa, ne aniwa ho.

Esiane sɛ cyanosis taa yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo a ɛde ba ho sɛnkyerɛnne nti, wubetumi anya sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo nso a egyina nea ɛde ba no so. Ebi ne:

• Nipadua mu hyew a ɛba fam (Hypothermia) .
• Nsa ne anan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Ɛwa
• Wheezing ( nnyigyei a efi koko mu ba bere a wɔrehome) .
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa
• Ɔbrɛ kɛse a wɔte nka (Ɔbrɛ) .
• Mrɛyɛ

Cyanosis te dɛn?

Ɛdenam cyanosis ko a wowɔ so no, wo honam ani, w’ano, wo tɛkrɛma, wo sẽ, w’ani, anaa wo nnadewa betumi ayɛ bruu anaa kɔkɔɔ ahorow ahorow . Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, sɛ wo honam ani yɛ tuntum a, eyi betumi ayɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ fitaa anaasɛ ɛyɛ fitaa .

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde cyanosis ba?

Nea ɛde cyanosis ba titiriw ne oxygen a ɛnnɔɔso wɔ wo mogya mu . Nneɛma abien na ebetumi de eyi aba: mframa pa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no sua ankasa, anaasɛ awɔw a ano yɛ den wɔ wo mogya ntini mu.

Susuw ho hwɛ, mogya a ɛkɔ yɛn nipadua mu no ma yɛn akwaa ne yɛn nipadua akwaa yɛ hyew. Nanso, sɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no yɛ nwini paa a, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a yɛn nipadua mu hyew bɛkɔ so ayɛ nea ɛfata no, mogya ntini a ɛwɔ yɛn nsa, yɛn nan, ne yɛn aso mu no twetwe. Eyi ma mogya a ɛsen no so tew, na ebetumi ama ne kɔla ayɛ bruu.

Tebea ne nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ama mframa pa a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no ayɛ ketewaa:

Mframa kwan so haw ahorow

• Ahome a wɔde menewa . Sɛ nhwɛso no, aduan a wɔde menewa.
• Ɛhohoro wɔ ɛnne nhama no ho (e.g., croup) .
• Epiglottis, menewa no fã a ɛte sɛ flap a ɛkata mframa kwan no so no mu ɔyare mmoawa ne ɛho ahonhon.

Ahurututu mu haw ahorow

• Sɛ́ wobɛkɔ mmeae a ɛkorɔn (a ɛboro po so akyirikyiri) a mframa pa kakraa bi na ɛwɔ wim no.
• Akisikuru yare.
• Ɔhome akwaa mu nyarewa .
• Mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ ntini bi a ɛwɔ ahurututu mu (pulmonary embolism).
• ‍ ‍ `(COPD)` ( ).
• Ahurututu mu mogya mmoroso (mogya a ɛkɔ soro wɔ ahurututu mu).
• Ahurututu mu yare `(Ahurututu mu yare)` .

Koma mu haw ahorow

• Koma mu dɛmdi a wɔde awo obi , te sɛ ahurututu nifa a efi mu mmɔho abien ne Fallot tetralogy.
• Koma mu tebea horow (koma a ɛyɛ den).
• Koma no dwumadi a egyae mpofirim (koma a ɛtwetwe ).

Nneɛma afoforo a ɛde cyanosis ba

• Mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu anohyeto esiane ntade a ɛyɛ den a wɔhyɛ nti .
• Awɔw a ano yɛ den a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu .
• Raynaud adeyɛ , a mogya ntini mu teateaa mpofirim.
• Nnuru bi a wɔde sa mogya mmoroso.
• Ntini a ɛma obi ho kyere no .
• Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma boro so.
• Nneɛma a awuduru wom a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu cyanosis?

Esiane sɛ cyanosis yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne nti, wo duruyɛfo bɛpɛ sɛ ohu nea ɛde ba ankasa .

Nea edi kan no, oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu . Afei wobebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho asɛm. Ebia wobebisa nsɛm te sɛ:

• Bere bɛn na wudii kan huu kɔla bruu yi?
• So eyi bae mpofirim, anaasɛ ɛkɔɔ soro nkakrankakra?
• Ɛhe na wo nipadua so yɛ bruu?
• So woatu kwan akɔ baabiara nnansa yi? (titiriw wɔ mmeae a ɛkorɔn) .
• So worehyia ɔhaw wɔ ahomegye mu?
• So wo nsa anaa wo nan ho ahonhon?
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne foforo bɛn na wowɔ?

Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na wɔde hu cyanosis?

Oduruyɛfo no betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow na ama wɔahu nea ɛde cyanosis ba. Ebia eyinom bi ne mogya, ahurututu, ne koma mu nhwehwɛmu:

• Pulse oximetry: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wode afiri ketewaa bi (te sɛ nea wɔde kyekyere) wo nsateaa ho na wosusuw oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Ɛnyɛ yaw.
• Arterial blood gas analysis (ABG): Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wubegye mogya ketewaa bi afi wo ntini ahorow mu (mogya a oxygen pii wom) na woasusuw oxygen ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛwɔ mu dodow.
• Koko so X-ray a wɔyɛ .
• Kɔmputa so tomography (CT) a wɔde hwɛ koko so .
• Mogya dodow (CBC) nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ .
• Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Eyi kyerɛ sɛnea koma no mu anyinam ahoɔden yɛ adwuma.
• Echocardiogram: Eyi yɛ koma no mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔde ultrasound yɛ. Etumi hwɛ sɛnea koma no hyehyɛ ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma.
• Ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu (PFT): Eyinom boa ma wohu ahurututu mu nyarewa.
• Koma mu catheterization: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi boa ma wohu komayare kɔ akyiri.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa cyanosis?

Esiane sɛ cyanosis yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a aduruyɛ mu tebea horow na ɛde ba nti, ayaresa a wubenya no begyina nea ɛde wo cyanosis no ba so .

Ayaresa a edi kan a ebia wo duruyɛfo de bɛma wo no mu biako ne oxygen ayaresa . Wɔyɛ eyi denam mframa pa a wɔma wunya so, na ɛma oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no kɔ soro ntɛmntɛm no so. Ɛdenam sɛnea wo tebea no mu yɛ den so no, ebia wubehia afiri a wɔde home (ahomegye afiri).Nanso ebia ɛho behia.

Ayaresa afoforo a wobetumi apaw ne:

• Ɔhyew ne aduru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no: Wobetumi agyae cyanosis a efi awɔw anaa tebea horow te sɛ Raynaud adeyɛ no mu ba no afi hɔ denam mmeae a ayɛ hyew no a wɔbɛma ayɛ hyew na wɔabɔ no brɛoo no so.
• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa: Wobetumi de nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ama nyarewa te sɛ ahurututu mu yare.
• Nnuru afoforo: Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru foforo a wode bɛsa koma ne ahurututu mu nyarewa.
• Nnuru a wubegyae: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ nnuru bi a worenom mprempren na ɛde tebea yi ba a, ebia wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo sɛ gyae saa nnuru no nom.
• Nnuru a wɔde home: Sɛ ahurututu mu yare te sɛ ayamtu anaa COPD na ɛde cyanosis ba a, wobetumi akyerɛw nnuru a wɔde home a ɛbɛboa ma ahurututu no ayɛ adwuma yiye.
• Oprehyɛn: Ebia komayare a wɔde awo obi te sɛ Tetralogy of Fallot no behia oprehyɛn wɔ awo akyi bere tiaa bi.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wowɔ cyanosis esiane atiridii anaa tebea bi te sɛ Raynaud adeyɛ no nti a, ebia ebehia sɛ woyɛ nsakrae bi wɔ w’asetra kwan mu .

Sɛ worekɔ abɔnten, titiriw nna a awɔw wom a, ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho fɛfɛɛfɛ . Sɛ wowɔ fie mpo a, ma dan no mu nyɛ hyew. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛma wo nipadua ayɛ hyew .

Afei nso, sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret a, ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae koraa . Tew anonne a caffeine wom (te sɛ tii ne kɔfe) a wonom so . Efisɛ caffeine ne nicotine nyinaa ma wo mogya ntini mu teateaa. Eyi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya cyanosis no yɛ kɛse.

So wobetumi asiw Cyanosis ano?

Esiane sɛ nneɛma pii na ɛde cyanosis ba nti, ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wobesiw ne nyinaa ano. Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya saa tebea yi so:

• Sɛ worenom nnuru biara a ɛmma wo mogya nkɔ a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm na sɛ ɛho hia a, gye afotu a ɛbɛma woagyae.
• Kwati sigaretnom.
• To caffeine a wobɛnom no ano hye.
• Sɛ worekɔ baabi a awɔw wom a, hyɛ ntade a ɛyɛ hyew , titiriw kata afã horow te sɛ w’aso, wo nsateaa, ne wo hwene so.

Sɛ mewɔ cyanosis a, dɛn na ɛba?

Nea ebefi wo cyanosis no mu aba no gyina nea ɛde ba ne sɛnea wohwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛmntɛm no so .

Mpɛn pii no eyi nyɛ nea ɛde nkwa to asiane mu, nanso sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo ka kɔla bruu yi ho, anaasɛ sɛ wunya cyanosis bere mpo a wo ho yɛ hyew na woagye w’ahome a, .Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn .

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu? So ɛyɛ asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ?

Tebea ne ɔhaw ahorow betumi de cyanosis aba. Ebinom yɛ aniberesɛm sen afoforo. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi mu biara a wo honam ani yɛ bruu ka ho a, kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no dwumadibea a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so ntɛm ara, anaa frɛ 1990 :

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Koko mu yaw
• Ti a ɛtaa yɛ no yaw
• Ɔbrɛ
• Adwene mu naayɛ (adwene mu nsakrae) .
• Huraeɛ
• Fifiri a ɛboro so (hyperhidrosis) .
• Mogya anaa nsu a ɛyɛ tuntum a ɔfefe
• Ɛyaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ nsa, nsateaa, anaa nsateaa mu.

So wo ba anaa wo ba a ɔretu mmirika no wɔ cyanosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi?

Sɛ wo ba anaa abofra ketewa no wɔ cyanosis ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi mu biara a, fa no kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo ntɛm ara, anaa frɛ 1990 :

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛnom nufusu anaa wobedi
• Hwene mu a ɛyɛ hyew bere a wɔrehome no
• Chest indrawing (swelling) bere a wɔrehome no
• Ahome a wɔhome ntɛmntɛm
• Nnyigyei a ɛyɛ hu bere a wɔrehome no
• Ɔbrɛ
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛda anaasɛ wobɛtaa asɔre
• Nipadua a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Ahomegye a ɛtra so, abufuw (Irritability) .

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Cyanosis yɛ tebea a ɛma wo honam ani, wo nnadewa, anaa w’ano dan bruu bere a oxygen a ɛdɔɔso nni wo mogya mu no. Eyi betumi de nneɛma pii aba. Ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛyɛ aniberesɛm de, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a cyanosis betumi ayɛ tebea bi a emu yɛ den a ɛde ba ho sɛnkyerɛnne .

Enti, sɛ wo anaa wo ba no wɔ cyanosis ka sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo te sɛ ahome a ɛyɛ den ho a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara . Ɛno ansa na wubetumi anya nea eye sen biara. Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu, na mmom hwɛ yiye.

` Cyanosis, honam ani bruu, oxygen a enni hɔ, ahome a ɛyɛ den, komayare, ahurututu mu yare, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow