So wo mogya mmoroso nkɔ fam bere mpo a wode nnuru di dwuma? Momma yensua hyperaldosteronism ho ade.

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wususuw sɛ, ‘Dɛn nti na wɔ asase so no, sɛ wɔde nnuru mpo ma me mogya mmoroso?’? Nnipa binom nso wɔ ɔhaw koro no ara. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobedi wɔn mogya mmoroso so, bere a wɔanom nnuru mpo awie no. Wɔ mmere a ɛte sɛ eyinom mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ yesusuw ho sɛ ebia biribi a ɛde ba. Ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka tebea bi a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu, nanso sɛ wɔsa no yiye a, wobetumi asa ho asɛm. Ɛno ne hyperaldosteronism .

Dɛn ne Hyperaldosteronism?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hyperaldosteronism yɛ bere a wo adrenal ntini ahorow no ma hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no aldosterone pii . Susuw ho saa kwan yi so, aldosterone te sɛ mfiridwumayɛfo ketewaa bi a ɔhwɛ yɛn mogya mmoroso so. Ɛboa ma yɛn mogya mmoroso kɔ so yɛ nea ɛfata denam potassium ne sodium dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛhwɛ so no so.

Afei ebia woresusuw ho sɛ, ‘Dɛn ne saa adrenal ntini ahorow yi?’ Eyinom yɛ yɛn endocrine nhyehyɛe no fã . Wɔte sɛ adwumayɛbea nketewa a wɔyɛ hormone ahorow a yɛn nipadua hia na ama ayɛ adwuma da biara da no. Yɛwɔ saa adrenal glands yi mu abien, a ɛwɔ yɛn asaabo atifi ankasa, te sɛ kyɛw.

Dɛn ne hyperaldosteronism ahorow no?

Hyperaldosteronism ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ.

1. Hyperaldosteronism a Edi Kan: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ eyi Conn’s syndrome . Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ biribi asɛe wɔ wo adrenal glands no ankasa ho, na ɛma ɛyɛ aldosterone dodo. Susuw ho sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ adwumayɛbea bi mu na wɔreyɛ nneɛma pii dodo.

2. Secondary Hyperaldosteronism: Eyi nyɛ ɔhaw wɔ adrenal ntini no ho. Ɛyɛ ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu baabi foforo a ɛma adrenal glands no kanyan na efi ase yɛ aldosterone pii. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ adwumayɛbea no reyɛ adwuma boro so esiane nkɛntɛnso bi a efi abɔnten nti.

Ɔkwan biara so no, nea efi mu ba awiei koraa ne sɛ wo mogya mu aldosterone dodow kɔ soro, na ɛma mogya mmoroso (hypertension) na potassium dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so tew. Wɔfrɛ potassium a ɛso tew yi hypokalemia .

Henanom na tebea yi ka no kɛse? Ɛtaa ba dɛn?

Wɔtaa hu hyperaldosteronism wɔ nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 30 kosi 50 mu.Afei nso, saa tebea yi abu so kakra wɔ mmea mu sen mmarima.

Ɛyɛ den ma nhwehwɛmufo sɛ wɔbɛka sɛnea eyi abu so ankasa, efisɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔanhu no yiye. Nanso nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi kyerɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ mogya mmoroso no mu 5% kosi 10% betumi anya hyperaldosteronism titiriw. Abenfo bu akontaa sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ mogya mmoroso a nnuru ntumi wɔn no mu bɛyɛ 25% betumi anya saa tebea yi. Enti, ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi saa, ɛnte saa?

Dɛn ne Hyperaldosteronism ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Hyperaldosteronism ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho, a egyina sɛnea tebea no mu yɛ den so. Ebia nnipa binom rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa , titiriw sɛ tebea no mu nyɛ den koraa a.

Nanso, tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne nea ɛtaa ba ne mogya mmoroso (hypertension) , titiriw mogya mmoroso a wontumi nni so ntɛm wɔ nnuru mpo mu.

Bio nso, sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a, ɛtaa fi mogya mmoroso a ɛkɔ fam kosi nea emu yɛ den ne/anaasɛ potassium dodow a ɛba fam wɔ mogya no mu (hypokalemia).

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ebetumi aba esiane mogya mmoroso (hypertension) nti:

• Ti a ɛyɛ yaw
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa
• Anisoadehu sesa
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ebetumi aba esiane potassium dodow a ɛba mogya mu (hypokalemia) nti:

• Ntini mu mmerɛwyɛ - Wɔ nsɛm bi a emu yɛ den mu no, tebea bi a ɛte sɛ bere tiaa mu obubuafo betumi aba.
• Ntini a ɛtwetwe anaa ɛtwetwe (ntini a ɛtwetwe) .
• Ntini a ɛyɛ yaw ne nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Ɔbrɛ
• Sukɔm a emu yɛ den (wɔfrɛ eyi polydipsia) .
• Nsu a wɔtaa tow

Afei woate ase, esiane sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi abu so wɔ nyarewa afoforo mu nti, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi aka akyi dodo sɛ wubehu eyi.

Dɛn na ɛde eyi ba?

Nea ɛde hyperaldosteronism ba no gu ahorow a egyina sɛ ɛyɛ nea edi kan anaasɛ nea ɛto so abien so. Momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea wɔyɛe no.

Nneɛma a Ɛde Hyperaldosteronism a Ɛho Hia Mfitiase Ba

Sɛnea madi kan aka no, Primary Hyperaldosteronism yɛ ɔhaw a ɛwɔ wo adrenal glands no ankasa ho, na ɛma ɛyɛ aldosterone dodo.

Nea ɛtaa de eyi ba ne akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram a wɔfrɛ no adrenal adenomas a ɛba wɔ adrenal ntini no mu . Eyinom yɛ akisikuru nketenkete a asiane biara nni ho, nanso ebetumi ama hormone aldosterone no akɔ nipadua no mu dodo.

Nea ɛka ho no, nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛntaa nsi :

• Unilateral adrenal hyperplasia - Eyi kyerɛ sɛ adrenal gland biako pɛ na ɛwɔ ɔfã biako na ɛho ahonhon, ɛyɛ kɛse, na ɛma hormone pii ba.
• Adrenocortical carcinomas a ɛma aldosterone - Eyinom yɛ kokoram akisikuru. Nanso, wɔn ho yɛ na koraa.
• Abusua mu hyperaldosteronism type 1 - Eyi yɛ tebea a wonya fi awofo hɔ kɔ mmofra hɔ.

Nneɛma a Ɛde Hyperaldosteronism a Ɛto so Abien Ba

Ade titiriw a ɛde hyperaldosteronism a ɛto so abien ba ne mogya dodow a ɛkɔ w'asaabo mu a ɛso tew .

Sɛ wobɛte sɛnea eyi ba no ase a, ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu sɛ hormone aldosterone yɛ hormone ahorow a ɛyɛ den a ɛhwɛ yɛn mogya mmoroso so no fã. Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu adeyɛ.

Wɔfrɛ nhyehyɛe yi renin-angiotensin-aldosterone nhyehyɛe . Ɛyɛ adwuma saa:

1. Sɛ wo nipadua te sɛ mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam anaasɛ sodium a ɛba fam wɔ wo mogya mu no te a, w’asaabo no ma enzyme bi a wɔfrɛ no renin .

2. Saa renin yi kɔ na ɛdan ade bi a wɔfrɛ no angiotensin (aduru a edi angiotensin anim) a wo mmerɛbo yɛ no ma ɛbɛyɛ angiotensin I. (Angiotensin yɛ hormone a ɛtwetwe yɛn mogya ntini.)

3. Afei, saa angiotensin I yi dan angiotensin II .

4. Awiei koraa no, ɛyɛ angiotensin II yi na ɛma mogya ntini no mu yɛ den kɛse na ɛkanyan adrenal ntini no ma ɛma hormone aldosterone .

Afei susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ biribi nti mogya dodow a ɛkɔ asaabo no mu no so tew a, asaabo no susuw sɛ, ‘Oo, me mogya so atew.’ Afei wodi mfomso ma renin-angiotensin-aldosterone nhyehyɛe yi yɛ adwuma. Nea efi mu ba ne sɛ aldosterone dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no kɔ soro, ɛwom mpo sɛ ɛho nhia ankasa de.

Nneɛma a ɛde ba a ebetumi atew mogya a ɛkɔ asaabo no mu so na ɛde hyperaldosteronism a ɛto so abien abaKakraa bi ni:

• Obstructive renal artery disease - te sɛ nsuo afiri a asiw.
• Adwene mu mogya mmoroso
• Tebea horow a nsu boaboa ano wɔ nipadua no mu (edema) , sɛ nhwɛso no:
• Koma a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye
• Cirrhosis a ɛwɔ mmerɛbo mu
• Nephrotic syndrome yɛ asaabo mu yare.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi?

Mpɛn pii no oduruyɛfo nam mogya mu nhwehwɛmu so hu hyperaldosteronism . Nanso, wonhu sɛ nnipa pii anya yare no da efisɛ nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛde mogya mmoroso ba na ɛde asiane ba.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne bi a ɛtaa kyerɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ hyperaldosteronism ne:

• Mogya mmoroso a nnuru ntumi nnom.
• Nea efii wo electrolyte mogya mu nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ mu bae ni:
• Sodium dodow a ɛkɔ soro kakra (hypernatremia) .
• Magnesium dodow a ɛba fam kakra (hypomagnesemia) .
• Afei nso, potassium dodow a ɛba fam (hypokalemia) .

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ ebia wowɔ hyperaldosteronism a egyina saa sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi so a, ɛda adi sɛ ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu titiriw abien: Plasma Renin Concentration (PRC) anaa Plasma Renin Activity (PRA) .

• Sɛ wowɔ Primary Hyperaldosteronism , wo PRC ne PRA dodow bɛba fam asen sɛnea ɛte daa.
• Sɛ wowɔ hyperaldosteronism a ɛto so abien a, saa dodow yi bɛkɔ soro asen sɛnea ɛte daa.

Nea ɛka ho no, ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ woyɛ aldosterone suppression test . Nea ɛka sɔhwɛ yi ho ne sɛ wɔde sodium (nkyene) dodow bi bɛma wo denam ano anaa nkyene (IV) a wɔde bɛhyɛ wo mu so wɔ bere bi mu. Afei, wɔboaboa wo nsuo ano wɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 mu na wɔsusu aldosterone dodow a ɛwɔ saa nsuo no mu wɔ aduruyɛdan mu.

Sɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi si so dua sɛ wowɔ hyperaldosteronism a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo na wɔahu nea ɛde ba. Sɛ nhwɛso no, CT scan (computed tomography scan) a wɔde hwɛ sɛ ebia akisikuru bi a ɛnyɛ kokoram na ɛde hyperaldosteronism no reba anaa.Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ mfoninitwa sɔhwɛ .

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?

Hyperaldosteronism ayaresa gyina nea ɛde ba no so, nanso botae titiriw ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ wo mogya mmoroso so .

• Wɔ hyperaldosteronism titiriw, tebea a adrenal gland akisikuru de ba ho no, nnuruyɛfo taa kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn yi akisikuru no . Nanso, wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wobetumi de nnuru nkutoo asa akisikuru yi. Sɛ woyɛ oprehyɛn wie mpo a, ebia woda so ara wɔ mogya mmoroso, enti ebia ebehia sɛ wonom nnuru na ama woatumi asiw ano.

• Wɔsa hyperaldosteronism a ɛto so abien denam nnuru a wɔde hyɛ wo mogya mmoroso so, bere a wɔsa nea ɛde ba no nso (sɛ nhwɛso no, komayare) .

Nnuru ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma obi anya hyperaldosteronism:

• Spironolactone (Spironolactone - Aldactone®) a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu.
• Eplerenone (Eplerenone - Inspra®) a ɛyɛ aduru a ɛma obi nya ahoɔden.
• Amiloride (Amiloride - Midamor®) a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu.

Ade biako a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma ɛtra yɛn adwenem ne sɛ nnuru a esiw aldosterone ano te sɛ Spironolactone , a wɔde di dwuma bere tenten no betumi de ɔhaw ahorow bi aba mmarima so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna a ɛnyɛ den ne mmea mu yare betumi aba. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa aduru a eye ma wo, bere tenten a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom, ne nea efi mu ba no ho.

So wobetumi asiw eyi ano?

Nokwarem no, mpɛn pii no, biribiara nni hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de asiw tebea a ɛne hyperaldosteronism yi ano. Efisɛ nsakrae a ɛba yɛn nipadua no mu nneɛma mu na ɛde ba. Nanso, wubetumi akura w’akwahosan nyinaa mu denam asetra pa a wubedi akyi, aduan a ɛkari pɛ a wubedi, ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ so.

Dɛn ne nkɔmhyɛ a ɛfa tebea yi ho?

Hyperaldosteronism ho nkɔmhyɛ gyina nea ɛde ba no so.

• Primary hyperaldosteronism , sɛ wohu ntɛm na wɔsa no yiye a, mpɛn pii no, nea efi mu ba pa . Sɛ woyi akisikuru bi fi hɔ a, wɔtaa di tebea no so.
• Hyperaldosteronism a Ɛto so AbienYare no daakye gyina sɛnea wobetumi adi aduruyɛ tebea a ɛwɔ ase (e.g., komayare, mmerɛbo mu yare) no so yiye so.

Nsɛnnennen atitiriw a ebetumi aba esiane hyperaldosteronism nti ne koma ne ntini mu nsɛm a mogya mmoroso de ba. Eyinom bi ne:

• Atrial fibrillation - koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ.
• Benkum ventricular hypertrophy - koma no benkum dan no afasu a ɛyɛ den.
• Koma mu yare
• Nnwodwoɔ

Ɛno nti na ɛho hia paa sɛ wohu saa tebea yi ntɛm na wonya ayaresa a ɛfata no.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ hyperaldosteronism a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn daa na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no reyɛ adwuma yiye . Ɛho hia paa nso sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi.

Sɛ wunya sɛnkyerɛnne foforo biara, anaasɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no mu a , ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso a nnuru ntumi nnom a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka wo haw ahorow ho asɛm, te sɛ, "So metumi anya hyperaldosteronism?" Obetumi asusuw wo tebea no ho na wakamfo nhwehwɛmu biara a ɛho hia akyerɛ.

Kae sɛ nneɛma pii na ɛde mogya mmoroso ba. Hyperaldosteronism yɛ emu biako pɛ. Asɛmpa no ne sɛ eyi yɛ tebea a wotumi sa.

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

Okay, enti mewɔ anidaso sɛ seesei woanya ntease pa wɔ nea yɛaka ho asɛm no ho, Hyperaldosteronism. Nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma ɛtra yɛn adwenem ni:

• Hyperaldosteronism yɛ hormone aldosterone a adrenal ntini no yɛ dodo .
• Eyi betumi ama mogya mmoroso (hypertension) ne potassium dodow a ɛba mogya mu (hypokalemia) .
• Ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: Primary ( ɔhaw a ɛwɔ adrenal glands no ankasa ho) ne Secondary (adrenal gland a ɛkanyan esiane ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ baabi foforo nti).
• Sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso a nnuru ntumi nni so a , ɛsɛ sɛ wugye eyi ho adwenem naayɛ.
• Wɔnam mogya mu nhwehwɛmu so hu eyi .
• Nea ɛka ayaresa ho ne sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ mogya mmoroso so na wɔasa nea ɛde ba no .
• Sɛ wohu na wɔsa no ntɛm a, wobetumi anya nneɛma pa .

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi fa eyi ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Hyperaldosteronism, Hyperaldosteronism, Aldosterone, Mogya mmoroso, mogya mmoroso, Potassium, Adrenal ntini, Conn yare