So wo nso worehyia ɔhaw wɔ akokoaa nyinsɛn mu? Momma yɛnka Male Infertility ho asɛm!

Sɛ wo ne wo hokafo rehwɛ akokoaa kwan, nanso saa dae no nnya mmaa mu a, ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte awerɛhow ne adesoa pii nka. Wɔ mmere a ɛte sɛɛ mu no, nnipa pii susuw sɛ ɔhaw no da ɔbea no nsam. Nanso nokwarem no, ɔhokafo a ɔyɛ ɔbarima no awo ho hia saa ara bere a ɛfa nyinsɛn a wobenyinsɛn abofra ho no. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ``Male Infertility`` ho asɛm.

So wunim nea mmarima a wontumi nwo yɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Male Infertility yɛ sɛnea ɔbarima tumi nyinsɛn no so tew anaasɛ ɛyera esiane ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ n’awo nhyehyɛe mu nti. Sɛ wo ne obi da bɛboro afe a womfa abusua nhyehyɛe biara nni dwuma, na wo hokafo no da so ara nnyinsɛn a, ebia ebehia sɛ wususuw tebea yi ho.

Eyi yɛ biribi a ɛnyɛ abeawa nko na ebetumi aka, na mmom ɔbarima nso. Mpɛn pii no, nnipa binom mpɛ sɛ wɔbɛka ho asɛm. Nanso eyi yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea, ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ aniwu.

Tebea yi abu so dɛn? Dɛn nti na ɛtɔ mmere bi a abofra ntetee yɛ den?

Nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 186 na wɔhaw wɔ wiase nyinaa wɔ awo a wontumi nwo ho. Na wɔahu sɛ saa nsɛm yi mu bɛyɛ fã fi mmarima nneɛma . Nhwehwɛmu bi kyerɛ sɛ mmarima a wontumi nwo no ka mmarima a wɔrebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobenyinsɛn no mu 10% kosi 15%.

Ɛnyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wubenyinsɛn abofra. Nnipa yɛ mmoa a wontumi nwo koraa. Awarefo nkumaa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden a wɔne wɔn ho da a biribiara nsiw wɔn kwan mpo wɔ hokwan 20-25% sɛ wobenyinsɛn ɔsram biara.

Susuw ho hwɛ, nneɛma pii a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛfata na ama abofra anyin:

• Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbarima nipadua no nya mmadwoa a ɛte apɔw , na ɔbea nipadua nso yɛ nkesua a ɛte apɔw .
• Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbea awotwaa no bue na wobue mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a mmadwoa betumi adu nkesua no mu.
• Sɛ mmadwoa no hyia nkesua no pɛ a, ɛsɛ sɛ etumi ``ma ɛwo '' .
• Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛwo anaa awotwaa a wɔawo no a ɛba saa kwan yi so no hyɛ awotwaa no mu yiye.

Sɛ nyinsɛn no kɔ ne bere nyinaa mu (adapɛn 39-40 ne nnafua 6) a, ɛsɛ sɛ akokoaa no nya apɔwmuden. Afei nso, ɛsɛ sɛ hormone a ɛwɔ ɔbea no nipadua mu no yɛ nea ɛfata na ama akokoaa no anyin. Sɛ saa nneɛma yi mu biara ka a, awo a wontumi nwo betumi aba.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ mmadwoa ho? Dɛn ne adwene mu nkɛntɛnso?

Mmarima a wontumi nwo ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne awosu mu a wontumi nwo abofra . Nanso, eyi betumi anya adwene ne nkate mu nkɛntɛnso pii. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Hahaahayɔ.
• Nkate a ɛma obi hwere biribi `(Loss)`.
• Awerɛhoɔ.
• Nkate a ɛma obi te nka sɛ ɔmfata.
• Nkate a ɛne sɛ woadi nkogu.

Sɛ wo anaa wo hokafo renya saa nkate horow yi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne ɔfotufo anaa adwenemyare ho oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ adwumaden bɛkasa.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, mmarima awo a wontumi nwo no betumi ne hormone testosterone a mmadwoa no yɛ no so tew . Wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔbrɛ, nna mu ɔhaw, adwenemhaw, mu duru a ɛkɔ soro, ne biribiara ho anigye a obi ntumi nnya no betumi aba. Sɛ eyi te saa a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ urologist anaa awo mu ntini ho oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ mmarima awo a wontumi nwo ho.

Dɛn na ɛma mmarima ntumi nwo?

Nneɛma ahorow bi a efi abɔde mu ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia betumi ama mmarima ntumi nwo. Ebi ne:

• Nkwaboaa ho haw ahorow: Nkwaboaa no nsusuwii a akyinkyim, mmadwoa dodow a ɛso tew (Oligospermia), mmadwoa a enni mmadwoa mu (Azoospermia).
• Awosu mu nyarewa: Sɛ nhwɛso no, Klinefelter syndrome ne myotonic dystrophy.
• Ayaresa mu tebea horow bi: Asikreyare, nyarewa bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a ɛtow hyɛ mmadwoa so, cystic fibrosis.
• Nyarewa: Epididymitis (yare mmoawa a ɛwɔ afiri a ɛka awotwaa no bom), orchitis (yare mmoawa a ɛba mmadwoa mu), ne nyarewa a wonya fi nna mu (STIs) te sɛ akisikuru anaa HIV.
• Ntini a ɛwɔ awotwaa mu a ɛho ahonhon (Varicoceles) .
• Kokoram ayaresa: Nnuru a wɔde sa yare, mframa a wɔde sa yare, anaa oprehyɛn a wɔde yi awotwaa no (Orchiectomy).
• Nkwaboaa mu ahodwiriw .
• Nkwammoaa mu nyarewa a ɛka hypothalamus anaa pituitary ntini ahorow .

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane mu kɛse?

Ɔbarima biara betumi anya awo a wontumi nwo, nanso ebia wobɛkɔ asiane mu kɛse esiane nneɛma a edidi so yi nti:

• Sɛ wo nipadua mu duru (BMI) boro 25 (wo mu duru boro so/woyɛ kɛse mmoroso).
• Sɛ woadi mfe 40 anaa nea ɛboro saa a.
• Sɛ wɔde mframa a ano yɛ den ahyɛ wo mu a.
• Sɛ woanya awuduru a atwa yɛn ho ahyia te sɛ kɔbere, calcium, nnuru a ekum mmoawa, anaa mercury a.
• Sɛ wode tawa, wii, anaa nsa di dwuma a.
• Sɛ worenom nnuru bi te sɛ flutamide, spironolactone, ne bicalutamide a.
• Nneɛma a ɛma awotwaa mu hyew yɛ kɛse te sɛ sauna anaa nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔtaa de ne ho hyɛ mu . Mmubuafo akongua a wɔde di dwuma nso betumi ama awotwaa no mu hyew akɔ soro.
• Sɛ abakɔsɛm bi wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mmadwoa a ensi fam wɔ awo mu a.
• Sɛ `varicoceles` tebea a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no adi kan a.
• Sɛ worenom testosterone sɛ aduru a wɔde sa testosterone dodow a ɛba fam a.
• Sɛ wofa anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) anaa hormone a wɔde ma de hyɛ ntini mu den a.

Nkwammoaa a ɛma apɔwmuden te dɛn?

Nkwaboaa yɛ nsu fitaa kosi fitaa a efi ɔbarima no akyi bere a ɔbarima no retu no. Nkwaboaa, nsu a ɛboa mmadwoa no san kɔ awotwaa mu, ne protein, vitamin, ne nnuru a ɛma mmadwoa no nya ahoɔden wɔ mmadwoa mu.

Mpɛn pii no, mmadwoa yɛ den na ɛyɛ nnam . Sɛ mmadwoa a ɛsen anaasɛ nsu wom a, ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ mmadwoa dodow sua. Eyi nso betumi ama mmarima ntumi nwo.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu mmarima a wontumi nwo? Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ?

W’abusua oduruyɛfo (Primary Care Physician - PCP) betumi ahu mmarima a wontumi nwo. Anaasɛ obetumi de wo akɔma oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ awo anaa awo mu ntini ho ɔbenfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ mmarima awo a wontumi nwo ho.

Oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ de ahwɛ sɛ ebia nipadua mu haw biara a ebetumi aka w’akwahosan ne w’awo nyinaa wɔ hɔ anaa. Wɔbɛbisa wo ne wo hokafoɔ nso nsɛm afa mo nna ho su ne w’akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm ho. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Bere tenten ahe na woabɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛma wo hokafo anyinsɛn?
• So woanyinsɛn wo hokafo pɛn?
• So woanya nna mu yare (STI) pɛn? Sɛ saa a, na ɛyɛ dɛn na bere bɛn?
• So woanya ho ayaresa?
• So wode abusua nhyehyɛe ho akwan bi (aduru a wɔde siw nyinsɛn ano) adi dwuma? Sɛ saa a, dɛn ne bere bɛn?
• So wo mogya abusuafo no mu biara rehu amane wɔ mmarima awo a wontumi nwo ho?
• So wonom sigaret, wonom nsa, anaa nnubɔne foforo?
• Nnuru bɛn na wɔde di dwuma?

Sɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu ne akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm anhu nea ɛde ba pefee a, oduruyɛfo no betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo.

Dɛn ne sɔhwɛ atitiriw a wɔyɛ?

Nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ sɔhwɛ atitiriw a wɔde hu mmarima a wontumi nwo no mu biako. Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔhwehwɛ wo mmadwoa nhwɛsode bi mu wɔ aduruyɛdan mu de hwɛ sɛnea mmadwoa dodow ne ne su te.

Kae sɛ eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia paa. Ɛyɛ nea ebetumi ahu ɔhaw pii a ɛwɔ mmadwoa ho.

Sɔhwɛ afoforo nso wɔ hɔ. Wɔn mu bi ne:

• Mfoninitwa sɔhwɛ ahorow:Ebia eyi bɛka nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu te sɛ ultrasound anaa magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), anaa nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu te sɛ venogram.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyinom betumi asusuw wo hormone dodow na wɔahwehwɛ nneɛma a ɛnteɛ wɔ wo awosu mu nkwaadɔm anaa wo chromosomes mu.
• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyi boa ma wohu nneɛma te sɛ nna mu nyarewa (STIs) ne asikreyare.
• Testicular biopsy: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no , oduruyɛfo no yi ntini kakraa bi fi awotwaa no mu de hwɛ sɛnea awotwaa no reyɛ mmadwoa yiye.

So ayaresa bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa yare yi? Ɛyɛ dɛn?

Yiw, asɛmpa no ne sɛ ayaresa ahorow wɔ hɔ a wɔde bɛdan mmarima awo a wontumi nwo anaasɛ wɔadi ho dwuma . Nea ɛde ba no na ɛbɛkyerɛ ayaresa a ɛfata wo.

Asetra kwan mu nsakrae

Nsakrae bi a wobɛyɛ wɔ asetra mu no betumi aboa ma mmadwoa a ɛyɛ papa a wɔyɛ no akɔ soro:

• Wokura mu duru a ɛfata mu .
• Di nnuaba ne nhabannuru pii.
• Fa wo ho hyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ mu daa te sɛ nantew, mmirikatu, sakre, asaw, anaa nneɛma a emu duru a wɔma so.
• Adwennwen a wobedi ho dwuma.
• Gyae sigaretnom, nsa ne nnubɔne afoforo a wɔde di dwuma .
• Kwati sɛ wode nna mu srade bedi dwuma bere a wo ne obi reda.

Nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru

Sɛ wo hormone dodow kɔ soro anaasɛ ɛba fam a, ebia ebehia sɛ wofa hormone therapy de siesie. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wugyae nnuru bi nom anaasɛ wodan kɔ nnuru afoforo so. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Nnuru a wɔde kum adwenemhaw a wɔfrɛ no tricyclic.
• Nnuru a esiw calcium kwan.
• Nnuru a ɛko tia androgens.

Sɛɛgyiri

Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn:

• Vasectomy reversal: Sɛ woadi kan ayɛ vasectomy na amma woanwo a, wubetumi ama wɔadan no na woasan anya tumi a wode benyinsɛn.
• Vasoepididymostomy: Oprehyɛn yi yi epididymis, afiri bi a mmadwoa nyin wom no mu a asiw fi hɔ.
• Nkwaboaa a wogye: Oduruyɛfo yɛ biopsy na ogye mmadwoa fi awotwaa anaa epididymis mu.
• Varicocelectomy: Varicocele yɛ mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ awotwaa no ntini mu. Eyi betumi aka mmadwoa su wɔ ɔkwan a enye so. Saa oprehyɛn yi yi ntini ahorow no fi hɔ. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ebetumi ama hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obenyinsɛn no ayɛ kɛse.

Awo Mfiridwuma a Wɔboa (ART) .

Wɔ saa akwan yi so no, woyi nkesua bi fi wo hokafo no mmadwoa mu na wɔde ka wo mmadwoa ho wɔ aduruyɛdan mu.

• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): Wɔ eyi mu no, oduruyɛfo de mmadwoa biako gu ɛmo mu tẽẽ.
• In vitro fertilization (IVF): Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, wo duruyɛfo de nnuru a ɛma awo hyehyɛ wo hokafo no mu. Eyi ma nkesua pii nyin wɔ ne mmadwoa mu. Sɛ nkesua no yɛ krado a, oduruyɛfo bi boaboa nkesua no ano na ɔde hyɛ mmadwoa mu wɔ aduruyɛdan mu. Bere a mmadwoa bi ma nkesua no nyin wie a, wɔde nkesua (nkwaboaa) a wɔawo no no hyɛ awotwaa no mu.

So mmarima awo a wontumi nwo no ankasa bɛtu mpɔn ? So wobetumi asiw ano?

Mpɛn pii no, mmarima a wontumi nwo no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔsa wɔn yare . Nyansa nnim sɛ wobɛtwɛn ma n’ankasa ayɛ yiye .

Afei nso, nneɛma bi a wɔyɛ no betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mmarima ntumi nwo no so:

• Kwati anaa gyae sigaretnom, nsa, ne nnubɔne a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu.
• Nnuru a asiane wom a wɔbɛtew so.
• Nyarewa a wɔde bɛbɔ wo ho ban afi mmoawa a ebetumi aka w’awo ho.
• Kwati sɛ wode awotwaa no bɛto ɔhyew a ɛboro so mu bere tenten.
• Kwati nnuan a srade pii wom na kura mu duru a ɛfata a ɛfata wo.

Sɛ wowɔ kokoram a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka mmadwoa a wɔde sie ho asɛm ansa na woafi ayaresa ase.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wo ne awo a wontumi nwo tra ase? Wobɛyɛ dɛn akɔ so ayɛ den wɔ adwene mu?

Mmarima a wontumi nwo nyɛ mmerɛw. Nnipa pii ho nyɛ wɔn dɛ sɛ wɔne wɔn hokafo anaa oduruyɛfo bɛka ho asɛm. Da ayamye adi kyerɛ wo ho ne wo hokafo . Ebetumi aboa sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ oduruyɛfo anaasɛ wobɛkɔ akɔka kuw bi a wɔboa wo ho ma wɔayɛ wo nkate ho adwuma. Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nko ara.

Nsunsuanso bɛn na aduan ne anonne de ba? Dɛn na eye?

Sɛnea nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi kyerɛ no, saa nnuan ne anonne yi betumi aka mmadwoa su:

• Nam a wɔayɛ no foforo.
• Nnuan a ɛyɛ dɛ.
• Soya `(Soya)`.
• Nufusu mu nneɛma (sɛnea nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi kyerɛ no).
• Mpataa a wɔde ahyɛ toa mu.
• Soda pop ne anonne afoforo a asikre pii wom.
• Nsaden.
• Caffeine a wɔde yɛ adwuma.

Aduan a ɛkari pɛ te sɛ eyi betumi aboa wo:

• Nnuaba ne nhabannuru a wɔayɛ no foforo.
• Nnuaba a ayow.
• Atoko a wɔfrɛ no legumes.
• Mpataa a wɔn ho yɛ hare.
• Nufusu a srade nnim.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn? Nsɛmmisa bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa?

Sɛ wo ne wo hokafo abɔ mmɔden afe biako na moannyinsɛn a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.Afei nso, sɛ worenya adwenemhaw, awerɛhow, anaasɛ worentumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, wubetumi abisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Dɛn na ɛma mmarima ntumi nwo?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsɔ me hokafo nso hwɛ?
• Dɛn ne ayaresa a eye sen biara ma me?
• Dɛn ne ayaresa a wokamfo kyerɛ no nkonimdi?
• So nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ saa ayaresa no mu?
• So sɛnkyerɛnne anaa nsɛnnennen afoforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ mihu?
• Dɛn ne nnuru a ebetumi ama mmarima ntumi nwo no nyinaa?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ ntini mu yare anaa awo ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn?
• So wubetumi akamfo ɔyaresafo anaa kuw bi a wɔboa akyerɛ?

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ me mmadwoa no wɔ tebea pa mu?

Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ahu wo mmadwoa akwahosan ankasa ne sɛ wobɛma wɔayɛ mmadwoa mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ ayaresabea anaa aduruyɛdan a wɔhwɛ awo so .

Afei nso, OTC at-home semen analysis sɔhwɛ ahorow wɔ hɔ a wobetumi ayɛ. Nanso, eyinom nyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ te sɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu, na ebia ɛrenyɛ adwuma yiye. Kae sɛ abɔnten so sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ a ɛda adi pefee a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo mmadwoa no wɔ apɔwmuden a woannyɛ nhwehwɛmu biara.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Mmarima a wontumi nwo no yɛ asɛnnennen. Nanso, eyi nkyerɛ sɛ worentumi nwo abofra a wowoo no da . Esiane nnɛyi mfiridwuma nti, awarefo pii tumi nyinsɛn abofra a wɔawo no.

Sɛ wo hokafo no nnyaa nyinsɛn bere a wabɔ mmɔden afe biako akyi a, wo ne oduruyɛfo nkasa. Nsakrae a wɔyɛ wɔ asetra mu no betumi aboa ma wɔasiw awo a wontumi nwo ano, na oprehyɛn ne akwan foforo betumi asa nea ɛde ba no. Mma anidasoɔ nnyae da!

` Mmarima awo a wontumi nwo, awo a wontumi nwo, mmadwoa, awo a wontumi nwo, awo akwahosan, mma a wowo, ayaresa