So wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no sua? Momma yɛnka Microcytosis ho asɛm!

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ woyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a, sɛ wuhu nsɛm bi wɔ amanneɛbɔ no so a, wote ehu nka kakra, ɛnte saa? Asɛmfua a ɛte saa no mu biako ne ‘Microcytosis’. Nanso mma nsuro, eyi nyɛ yare a emu yɛ den din. Nea ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no sua kakra sen sɛnea ɛte daa. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm kɔ akyiri, tiawa koraa.

Dɛn ne Microcytosis?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, microcytosis yɛ bere a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa no. Yemmu eyi sɛ yare, na mmom ɛyɛ ade a wɔahu a wobetumi ahu bere a wɔayɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu awie no. Eyi ne nea mpɛn pii no wubetumi ahu denam mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) so. Fa no sɛ amanneɛbɔ a ɛma mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no ho nsɛm kɔ akyiri.

Mfasoɔ bi wɔ saa `CBC` amanneɛbɔ yi mu, a wɔfrɛ no `Mean Corpuscular Volume` (MCV) . Saa `MCV` botae yi na wɔde susuw wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kɛse. Wɔ ɔpanyin fam no, sɛ saa `MCV` bo yi nnu femtoliter 80 `(80 fL)` a, ɛnde yɛka sɛ microcytosis wɔ hɔ.

Mpɛn pii no, tebea a wɔfrɛ no microcytosis yi betumi ayɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu bi a wɔfrɛ no microcytic anemia ho sɛnkyerɛnne . Wɔ microcytic anemia yi mu no, hemoglobin a ɛdɔɔso nni mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no mu. So wunim sɛ hemoglobin yɛ protein a ɛho hia paa a ɛboa ma yɛn mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no ma oxygen kɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa?

Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Nokwarem no, tebea a wɔfrɛ no Microcytic Anemia yi yɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a abu so yiye a wohu wɔ mpanyimfo ne mmofra nkumaa mu. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ yehu eyi.

Dɛn ne Microcytosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Mpɛn pii no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne pɔtee biara nni hɔ. Nea wohu wɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu ara ne sɛ `MCV` bo no sua.

Nanso, sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow da adi ampa a, ɛte sɛ tebea a ɛne Microcytic Anemia a madi kan aka ho asɛm no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no. Wɔne:

• Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka bere nyinaa. Te sɛ nea nkwa nni nipadua no mu.
• Wora a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ano ne tɛkrɛma nso betumi ayɛ fitaa.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ woatɔ piti sɛ wobɔ mmɔden kakra mpo a.
• Koma a ɛbɔ kɔ soro.
• Tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no 'Pica'. Eyi ba bere a dade a enni nipadua mu no ma microcytosis ba nkutoo. ‘Pica’ yɛ ɔpɛ a obi wɔ sɛ obedi nneɛma a wontumi nni te sɛ efĩ, nsukyenee, ne dɔte.

Wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi akyi no, wubetumi anya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛfa nea ɛde microcytosis ba no ho nso.

Dɛn nti na microcytosis yi ba?

Nea ɛtaa de microcytosis ba ne sɛ wunnya dade a ɛdɔɔso wɔ wo nipadua mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a dade nnim . Kae sɛ mekae sɛ dade ho hia na ama wɔatumi ayɛ hemoglobin.

Bio nso, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia, aduruyɛ mu tebea horow bi (a wofi awo mu ne nea wonya nyinaa), ne suban ahorow bi nso betumi ama microcytosis aba.

Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛde microcytosis ba:

• Iron a enni nipadua mu:
• Dade a ɛdɔɔso a yennya mfi aduan mu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia aduan a yedi no remma yɛn nipadua no dade a ɛdɔɔso. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wonni nam titiriw no hwɛ yiye wɔ eyi ho.
• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa iron a wɔtwe ho: Fa no sɛ, sɛ wudi nnuan a iron wom mpo a, sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ ‘Celiac yare’ anaa yafunu mu yare te sɛ ‘H. pylori infection’ , nipadua no ntumi nnye saa dade no yiye. Afei nso, saa tebea yi betumi aba wɔ oprehyɛn te sɛ ‘Gastric bypass surgery’ a wɔde ma obi mu duru a ɛso tew akyi.
• Iron a enni nipadua no mu esiane mogya a ɛretu nti: Wɔ mmea fam no, mogya a ɛba brayɛ mu kɛse bere a wɔagyae brayɛ no betumi ama dade a enni nipadua no mu. Afei nso, mogya a ɛba yafunu mu (GI) esiane akuru a ɛwɔ yafunu anaa dwensɔtwaa mu nti no yɛ ade foforo a ɛde ba.

• Thalassemia:
• Eyi yɛ awosu mu yare a wonya fi awo mu. Wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, nipadua no ntumi nyɛ hemoglobin yiye. Ebia obi a ɔwɔ thalassemia no mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛfata anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro, nanso hemoglobin dodow a ɛwɔ saa nkwammoaa no mu no sua. Wɔfrɛ eyi hypochromic microcytosis . Wɔ thalassemia ahorow bi a emu nyɛ den mu no, microcytosis nkutoo na wobetumi ahu a mogya nnim.

• Mogya a ɛtɔ mogya a ɛba wɔ yare a enni sabea mu:
• Ɔfe a efi nyarewa a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ te sɛ nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa ( s.e. ntini mu yare), nyarewa a enni sabea, asaabo mu yare, ne kokoram mu ba no betumi asɛe tumi a nipadua no de dade di dwuma de yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw.

Nneɛma a ɛntaa mma a ɛde microcytosis ba:

Eyinom sua kakra, nanso eye sɛ wubehu:

• Awosu mu tebea horow a ɛntaa nsi a esiw mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔyɛ ne ne dwumadi kwan.
• Aboɔden abo a enni mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, kɔbere a enni mu).
• Awuduru a wɔde kɔbere ayɛ.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ wowɔ microcytosis anaa?

Sɛnea madi kan aka no, microcytosis nyɛ edin a aban de frɛ yare bi. Nea ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa.

Wo duruyɛfo no besusuw wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, wo mfe a woadi, wo bɔbeasu, ne w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm ho de ahu nea ebia ɛde eyi ba. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ mogya tu wo kɛse wɔ wo brayɛ mu a, ebetumi ayɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a dade nnim. Anaasɛ, sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu wɔ thalassemia a, ɛno nso betumi ayɛ nea ɛde ba.

Oduruyɛfo no betumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de ahu nea ɛde ba ankasa.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔreyɛ ama eyi?

Nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa oduruyɛfo no ma wahu nea ɛde tebea yi ba:

• Peripheral blood smear: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobɛfa wo mogya no bi na wode afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete ahwɛ. Eyi betumi asi so dua sɛ ebia wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no sua ankasa ne sɛ ebia ɛwɔ nneɛma foforo bi a ɛnteɛ. Sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kɛse ne ne nsusuwii gu ahorow (Poikilocytosis) a, ebetumi ayɛ nyarewa a ɛde microcytosis ba no bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Red cell distribution width (RDW): Eyi nso susuw nsakrae a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kɛse mu. Eyi nso yɛ botae a wohu wɔ CBC amanneɛbɔ no mu. Mpɛn pii no, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kɛse yɛ pɛ. Nanso, sɛ nsakrae kɛse wɔ nkwammoaa kɛse mu (Anisocytosis) a, ebetumi ama wɔanya nyarewa bi ho adwene nso.
• Iron dodow: Iron dodow a ɛba mogya mu no yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a dade nnim.
• Ferritin dodow: Ferritin yɛ protein a ɛkora dade so wɔ yɛn nkwammoaa mu. Sɛ wohwɛ ferritin dodow yi a, wubetumi ahu dade dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu.
• Total iron binding capacity (TIBC): Sɛ wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi de ka dade ne ferritin dodow ho a, ebetumi aboa kɛse ma wɔahu dade a enni nipadua no mu. Ebetumi aboa nso ma wɔahu mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a nyarewa a enni sabea anaa ɔfe de ba no.

Sɛ wosi so dua sɛ dade a enni nipadua no mu biara nni hɔ wie a, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu no yiye sɛ ebia nea ɛde ba no ne thalassemia a, ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ hemoglobin electrophoresis ne awosu mu nhwehwɛmu .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa Microcytosis?

Ayaresa no gyina nea ɛde wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛba fam ba so. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara na nhwehwɛmu no mu aba nyɛ aniberesɛm dodo a, ebia ɛho renhia sɛ wosa yare.

Wobetumi ayɛ ayaresa ahorow a edidi so yi a egyina nea ɛde ba no so:

• Nsakrae a ɛba aduan mu: Nnuan a dade wom (sɛ nhwɛso no, mpataa, soya nneɛma (tofu), peas, bankye, nhabannuru, nnuaba) a wɔde bɛka aduan no ho.
• Iron a wɔde ma: Wɔde eyinom ma nnipa a mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a iron nnim.
• Mogya a wɔde ma: Sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu no mu yɛ den yiye nkutoo a, wɔyɛ eyi.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wubedi ayaresa nhyehyɛe a wo duruyɛfo de ama wo no akyi sɛnea ɔhaw a ɛwɔ ase no te pɛpɛɛpɛ.

So wobetumi adan Microcytosis no?

Ɛno nso gyina nea ɛde ba no so. Mpɛn pii no, microcytosis befi hɔ bere a wɔasa tebea a ɛwɔ ase no. Wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛ wo sɛnea ayaresa no bɛka wo mogya mu nkwammoaa ne w’akwahosan nyinaa.

Sɛ wɔansa wɔn yare a, dɛn na ɛba?

Ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ microcytosis anaa microcytic anemia na obehia ayaresa. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a emu yɛ den a ɛde wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no reyɛ nketewa a, ɛho hia sɛ woma wohu na wɔsa no ntɛm. Di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ a ɛfa sɛ ebia wuhia ayaresa ne nea wobɛhwɛ kwan afi ayaresa mu no akyi.

So Microcytosis yɛ aniberesɛm?

Microcytosis yɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no su biako pɛ. Ebetumi ayɛ yare bi a ehia ayaresa ho sɛnkyerɛnne (ne sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo). Nanso mpɛn pii no, ɛnyɛ aniberesɛm saa, na ebia ɛyɛ biribi a wuhu wɔ amanneɛbɔ no so ara kwa.

Wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ ebia wo microcytosis kyerɛ tebea bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsa yare anaa.

Dɛn na metumi ayɛ de atew asiane yi so?

Ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wobesiw nyarewa a ebetumi ama mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ asɛe nyinaa ano. Nanso, wubetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so denam akwahosan ho su ahorow bi a wubedi akyi so.

Ade titiriw a ɛbɛma woayɛ eyi ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ ahu sɛ worenya dade a ɛdɔɔso afi w’aduan mu. Nnuan a iron pii wom no bi ne:

• Po mu nnuan te sɛ tuna ne mackerel
• Nneɛma a wɔde soya ayɛ (Tofu) .
• Atoko te sɛ peas, green beans, chickpeas, ne lentils
• Nhaban a ɛyɛ ahabammono tuntum te sɛ spinach, kale, ne collard greens
• Nnuaba te sɛ date ne borɔdɔma
• Nam, titiriw nam kɔkɔɔ (nantwinam, abirekyi) ne nkokɔnam

Afei nso, sɛ wɔayɛ wo yafunu mu oprehyɛn anaasɛ wowɔ tebea foforo a ɛmma wuntumi twetwe dade fi aduan mu a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa iron a wuhia ho asɛm.

Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛde wo to asiane mu sɛ wubenya mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ mogya mu, te sɛ thalassemia anaa yare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a, di wo duruyɛfo afotu a ɛfa sɛnea wobɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so no akyi.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ microcytosis a, di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ a ɛfa nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi no akyi. Ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wubisa nsɛm te sɛ:

• ‘So ɛsɛ sɛ mehaw me ho wɔ me MCV a ɛba fam no ho?’
• ‘Nsɔhwɛ afoforo bɛn na ebehia sɛ meyɛ na ama mahu nea ɛde microcytosis no ba?’
• ‘So mehia ayaresa?’ Ɔkae.
• ‘Aduru bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan sɛ ebefi ayaresa no mu aba?’
• ‘Asetra mu nsakrae bɛn na metumi ayɛ de asan microcytosis yi?’

So abusuabɔ bi wɔ microcytosis ne kokoram ntam?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a microcytosis betumi ayɛ kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne, nanso ɛtaa yɛ tebea afoforo ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Mpɛn pii no, microcytosis yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ dade nnim. Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ woremmɔ hu na womfa no sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram (anaa biribi foforo) kosi sɛ wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu no mu.

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte dadwen nka bere a wuhu nea efi mu ba a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu bi mu no. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ ranges a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ woyare anaasɛ wuhia ayaresa. Gyinapɛn te sɛ ``MCV'' yɛ nsɛm a ɛboa wo duruyɛfo ma ɔte w'akwahosan nyinaa ase kɛkɛ. Bisa wo duruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ wɔ sɛnea wo nhwehwɛmu no mu aba betumi aka wo daakye ayaresa ho.

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi eyinom nyinaa mu?

Okay, momma yɛnkɔ nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae fi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu kɛkɛ:

• Microcytosis nyɛ yare, ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa.
• Wɔtaa de ``CBC`` (mogya dodow a edi mũ) hu eyi.
• Nea ɛtaa de ba ne dade a enni nipadua no mu, nanso nneɛma afoforo betumi de aba, te sɛ thalassemia ne nyarewa a enni sabea.
• Nnipa pii nkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛ wɔyɛ saa a, ebia wɔbɛbrɛ, wɔn ho ayɛ fitaa, na ayɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhome.
• Oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de ahu nea ɛde ba.
• Ayaresa no gyina nea ɛde ba no so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia ayaresa ho renhia koraa.
• Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu! Sɛ wuhu sɛ wo MCV no sua a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na woahu nea enti a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ankasa.
• Ɛho hia sɛ wudi aduan pa, titiriw nnuan a iron pii wom a wubedi.

Kae sɛ saa nsɛm yi yɛ nsɛm a wɔde bɛma nkutoo, na ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛbɛbɔ wo hu ma woasusuw sɛ wowɔ yare bi. Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ anaa nsɛmmisa bi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.

`Microcytosis, Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, Iron a enni nipadua mu, Hemoglobin, MCV