So wo nipadua no ahobammɔ sua? Momma yɛnka neutropenia ho asɛm!

So wotaa yare? Anaasɛ oduruyɛfo bi ahwɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu pɛn na waka sɛ, "Wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa no so atew kakra?" Ebia wowɔ atiridiinini, wote nka sɛ woayɛ mmerɛw kakra, nanso wuntumi nhu nea enti a ɛte saa. Wɔ mmere te sɛ eyinom mu no, ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛho hia kɛse sɛ wubehu tebea a wɔfrɛ no neutropenia yi a yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ no. Mma ɛnhaw wo, momma yɛnkyerɛkyerɛ mu tiawa.

Dɛn ne neutropenia? Ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye!

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, neutropenia yɛ tebea a wo mogya mu mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi a wɔfrɛ no neutrophils dodow sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa. Fa no sɛ saa neutrophils yi yɛ polisifo a wɔatete wɔn titiriw wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔn na wɔko tia mmoawa, te sɛ mmoawa ne mmoawa a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu na wɔbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho.

Wɔyɛ asraafo a wɔfrɛ wɔn neutrophils yi titiriw wɔ adwumayɛbea bi a ɛwɔ yɛn nnompe mu ntini mu. Enti, sɛ saa neutrophils yi dodow so tew a, tumi a yɛn nipadua no tumi ko tia mmoawa no nso so tew. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nyarewa no kɔ soro kɛse. Wɔ tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den mu no, mmoawa a mpɛn pii no wɔmfa ɔhaw kɛse mma obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mpo, te sɛ nea ɛwɔ yɛn anom anaa yɛn dwensɔtwaa mu no betumi de yare a emu yɛ den aba. So wote ase?

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ neutrophils dodow a ɛfata yɛ?

Wɔkyekyɛ neuropenia mu sɛnea neutrophils dodow a ɛwɔ mogya bi mu te. Wogye tom sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ ɔpanyin nya neutrophils 1,500 wɔ mogya microliter biara mu. (Ebinom bu anohyeto yi sɛ ɛyɛ 1,800). Sɛnea ɛpaapae ni:

• Neutropenia a ɛnyɛ den: Neutrophils 1,000 – 1,500 ntam.
• Neutropenia a ɛkɔ fam: Neutrophils 500 – 1,000 ntam.
• Neutropenia a emu yɛ den: Neutrophils nnu 500.

Saa tebea yi betumi ayɛ bere tiaa mu (ɛyɛ den) anaa nea ɛtra hɔ kyɛ (nea enni sabea). Ebetumi nso afi awo mu anaasɛ obi anya.

Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya neutropenia?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɔyare mmoawa betumi de neutropenia aba. Nanso, wɔtaa hu no sɛ ɛyɛ kokoram ayaresa, titiriw nnuru a wɔde sa yare no mu nsunsuanso bɔne. Nhwehwɛmufo ka sɛ nnipa a wɔde nnuru sa wɔn yare no mu bɛyɛ 50% betumi anya neutropenia.

Ɔkwan foforo nso wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no `Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN).` Eyi yɛ awo mu tebea a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ. Ɛtaa ba nnipa a wofi Afrika, Mfinimfini Apuei, ne West India abusua mu. Saa nkurɔfo yi neutrophil dodow nnu 1,500, nanso asiane kɛse nni mu sɛ wobenya ɔyare mmoawa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na neutropenia ka me nipadua?

Nkɛntɛnso a neutropenia de ba no gu ahorow a egyina wo neutrophil dodow so. Ebia obi a ɔwɔ neutropenia a emu nyɛ den no rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Mpɛn pii no, wohu no wɔ akwanhyia mu bere a wɔreyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahu tebea foforo bi no. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ neutropenia a ɛkɔ fam kosi nea emu yɛ den a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya nyarewa. Neutropenia a emu yɛ den betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu sɛ wɔansa no yiye a. Eyi nti na ɛho hia sɛ wohu saa tebea yi.

Dɛn nti na neutropenia ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa betumi ama neuropenia aba:

1. Wo nnompe mu ntini no ntumi nyɛ neutrophils a ɛdɔɔso.

2. Neutrophils a wɔyɛ no a ɛpaapae (ɔsɛe) ntɛmntɛm.

3. Anaasɛ, sɛ wɔbɛsɛe neutrophils a ayɛ no.

Nneɛma a enti a ɛte saa no bi ni:

• Awosu mu tebea horow: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wobetumi de saa tebea yi afi awofo hɔ akɔ mmofra nkyɛn denam awosu mu nkwaadɔm so. Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN), Cyclic neutropenia, ne Severe congenital neutropenia yɛ ahorow a awosu mu nneɛma a ɛtete saa na ɛde ba no bi.
• Nyarewa: Neutropenia nso betumi afi ɔyare mmoawa, mmoawa, ne mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae mu aba. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne HIV, mmerɛbo mu yare, nsamanwaw, sepsis (mogya mu yare a emu yɛ den), ne Lyme yare.
• Kokoram: Kokoram te sɛ mogya mu kokoram, lymphoma, ne nyarewa afoforo a ɛfa mogya anaa nnompe mu ntini ho no betumi ama nipadua no ntumi nyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛte apɔw a ehia no, na ɛde neutropenia aba.
• Nnuru: Kokoram ayaresa te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare ne mframa a wɔde sa yare no betumi asɛe neutrophils ne nnompe mu ntini a ɛde ba no. Afei nso, nnuru bi a wɔde sa tebea afoforo a ɛnyɛ kokoram betumi ama neutrophil dodow so atew sɛ nea efi mu ba.
• Aduan a enni nipadua mu: Sɛ nipadua no nnya vitamin ne nnuru a ɛdɔɔso te sɛ vitamin B12, folate, anaa kɔbere a, neutropenia betumi aba.
• Autoimmune deficiencies: Eyi ne bere a yɛn ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no nte yɛn ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no ase yiye na ɛyɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛsɛe neutrophils a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden no. Ɛte sɛ yɛn ankasa asraafo a wɔreto ahyɛ wɔn ho so. Crohn yare, lupus, ne ntini mu yare yɛ saa tebea horow yi bi.

Ɛtɔ da bi a, tebea bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no `Chronic idiopathic neutropenia`. Ɛne sɛ, neutropenia wɔ hɔ, nanso wontumi nhu nea ɛde ba ankasa .

Dɛn nti na kokoram a wɔsa no ma mogya mu ntini a ɛma mogya tu no so tew?

Kokoram ayaresa te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare yɛ nnuru a tumi wom yiye. Wokum kokoram nkwammoaa. Nanso, wobetumi asɛe nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw a ɛpaapae ntɛmntɛm nso. Yɛn neutrophils ne nnompe mu nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ no nso yɛ nkwammoaa a ɛpaapae ntɛmntɛm. Ɛno nti na neutropenia abu so bere a wɔreyɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare no. Mpɛn pii no, neutrophil dodow so tew kɛse wɔ adapɛn abien a edi kan a wɔde sa yare no mu. Ɛno akyi no, wɔsan kɔ soro nkakrankakra.

Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛyɛ nneɛma foforo de abɔ wo ho ban afi nyarewa ho wɔ saa bere yi mu, efisɛ eyi ne bere a nipadua no ahobammɔ yɛ mmerɛw kɛse.

Dɛn ne neutropenia ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Neutropenia ankasa nni sɛnkyerɛnne pɔtee biara. Nanso, sɛ wunya nyarewa esiane neutropenia nti a, wubetumi ahu saa nyarewa no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nyarewa a wɔtaa nya nso betumi ayɛ neutropenia ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no bi ni:

• Atiridii (titiriw tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no febrile neutropenia) .
• Ɔbrɛ
• Menewa mu yaw (Pharyngitis) .
• Ntini a ɛma mogya tu a ahonhon
• Akuru a ɛwɔ ano anaa akyi berɛmo no ho
• Ɛyaw, ɔfe, ne kɔkɔɔ wɔ baabi a ɔyare no wɔ no
• Indigestion, akisikuru a ɛma obi dwensɔ
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi tow nsu, te sɛ ɔhyew bere a ɔreto nsu ne nea ɔtaa tow

Sɛ wowɔ neutropenia a emu nyɛ den a, ebia wowɔ neutrophils a ɛdɔɔso wɔ wo nipadua mu a ɛbɛko atia nyarewa. Sɛ ɛba saa a, ebia worenhu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya neutropenia?

Nhwehwɛmu titiriw a ɛyɛ mmerɛw sen biara a wɔde hu eyi ne mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) a nsonsonoe wom . Sɛ woreyɛ ayaresa te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa wo a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi daa de ahwɛ wo neutrophil dodow.

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo nnim nea ɛde wo neutropenia no reba a, ebia ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wobetumi afa wo nnompe mu ntini bi na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete ahwɛ mu. Saa sɔhwɛ yi betumi ahu sɛ ebia wɔreyɛ neutrophils yiye wɔ wo nnompe mu ntini mu, anaasɛ wɔresɛe no bere a wɔayɛ no awie no. Saa nsɛm yi betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo no ma wakyerɛ sɛ woahu yare no.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa neutropenia?

Ebia neutropenia ahorow bi renhia ayaresa. Ayaresa afoforo a wubetumi apaw no gyina nea ɛde neutrophil dodow a ɛba fam ba no so.

Wobetumi ayɛ nea edidi so yi sɛ ayaresa:

• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa: Sɛ wowɔ febrile neutropenia a atiridiinini ka ho a, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa betumi agye wo nkwa. Wɔbɛtaa de wo akɔ ayaresabea na wɔama wo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ nkyene a wɔde fa ntini mu. Saa bere yi mu no, wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu de ahu nea ɛde ɔyare no ba.
• Corticosteroids: Sɛ wowɔ neutropenia a ɛnam tebea bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa so de ba a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no corticosteroids ama wo. Saa nnuru yi brɛ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no dwumadi ase, na ɛsɛe wo neutrophils no.
• Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): Ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛkanyan wo nnompe mu ntini ma ɛyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa. Sɛ woreyɛ nnuru a wɔde sa wo a, ebia wɔbɛma wo saa G-CSF aduru yi.

Sɛ wohu sɛ aduru bi a worenom na ɛde neutropenia ba a, wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae saa aduru no nom anaasɛ sesa dodow a wode ma no.

So wobetumi asiw neutropenia ano?

Yɛrentumi nsiw neutropenia a wonya fi awo mu no ano. Nanso, sɛ woreyɛ nnuru a wɔde sa wo a, sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ wo neutrophil dodow sua a, obetumi atwe nnuru a edi hɔ no ase anaasɛ ɔbɛtew dodow no so. Ebia wɔbɛkamfo akyerɛ nso sɛ wɔmfa G-CSF nto nipadua no mu na ama mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a wɔyɛ no akɔ soro.

Sɛ mewɔ neutropenia a, mɛyɛ dɛn atumi abɔ me ho ban afi ɔyare mmoawa ho?

Sɛ wunim sɛ wo neutrophils no sua a, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ wo ho ban afi ɔyare mmoawa ho. Eyinom yɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia yiye a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma ɛtra yɛn adwenem.

• Fa samina hohoro wo nsa daa anaa fa aduru a wɔde tew nsa a nsa wom di dwuma.
• Atiridii ne Covid-19 `(COVID-19)` ka hoNya wo vaccinations nyinaa wɔ bere ano.
• Twe wo ho fi nnipa a wɔyare ne mmeae a nnipa ahyɛ hɔ ma a ebia wubehyia obi a ɔyare.
• Hwɛ yiye wɔ nsensanee, ntwitwiridii, ne akuru (a tattoo ne nipadua a wɔatutu ka ho) ho. Sa honam ani hwɛbea biara a asɛe ntɛm ara.
• Hohoro nnuaba ne nhabannuru yiye, yi nam ne mpataa fi nnuan afoforo ho, na siesie aduan wɔ adididan a ɛho tew mu, na noa no yiye. Saa kwan yi so no, wubetumi asiw mmoawa a wɔbɛtrɛw mu no ano.
• Mfa adidi nkuku, nkuruwa, anaa aduan ne anonne nnkyɛ afoforo.
• Mfa nneɛma te sɛ mpopaho, ahwehwɛ, ne brɔs a wɔde sew sẽ nkyɛ afoforo.
• Sɛ woreyɛ adwuma wɔ turo mu a, hyɛ nsateaa.
• Kwati sɛ wubeyi afieboa nwura afi hɔ na woasesa mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo mpaboa sɛnea wubetumi biara (sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wohyɛ a, hyɛ nsateaa na hohoro wo nsa yiye bere a woawie no).
• Kwati sɛ wode atare, atare, nsubɔnten, ne nsu a ɛyɛ hyew bedi dwuma.
• Fa nnuru no di dwuma sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ na asiw nyarewa ano.

Saa afotu yi mu pii yɛ nneɛma a yɛtaa yɛ na ama yɛanya apɔwmuden. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ neutropenia a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye kɛse. Bisa wo duruyɛfo no nea wubetumi ayɛ bio de abɔ wo ho ban afi nyarewa ho, a egyina w’asetra kwan ne w’akwahosan tebea so.

Dɛn ne nkɔmhyɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ ma nnipa a wɔwɔ neutropenia? (Nkɔmhyɛ) .

Wobetumi asa neutropenia, enti adwene a nnipa dodow no ara benya no ye. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wubesiw nyarewa ano na woahwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara (sɛ woyare a).

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ woreyɛ nnuru a wɔde sa wo yare anaasɛ wowɔ tebea foforo a ebetumi ama woanya neutropenia a, sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara, anaa frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara na ɔmmoa wo afotu wɔ nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ho:

• Atiridiinini a ɛyɛ digrii Fahrenheit 100.4 (digrii Celsius 38) anaa nea ɛboro saa.
• Fifiri anaa ahopopo esiane awɔw nti.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.
• Anom a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• Menewa mu yaw anaa kɔn a ɛyɛ den.
• Ɔfe foforo anaasɛ ɔfe a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw a ɛyɛ den.
• Atiridiinini ne/anaasɛ ɔfe.
• Nsu a ɛba ɔbea awotwaa mu anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• Ɛyaw, kɔkɔɔ, anaa ɔfe wɔ nipadua no baabiara.
• Nsakrae a ɛba wɔ nsu a wɔtow mu (ɛyaw, ɔhyew, ɛho hia sɛ wɔtaa tow).
• Ɛyaw a efi ase foforo, titiriw wɔ yafunu anaa akyi berɛmo mu.
• Sɛ́ wobɛte nka sɛ w’adwene atu afra anaasɛ ɛyɛ soronko wɔ w’adwene mu sen sɛnea ɔtaa yɛ no.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wabrɛ dodo anaasɛ wo ho nyɛ no dɛ.

Sɛnea wunya neutropenia no gyina nea ɛmaa wo neutrophil dodow so tew so. Sɛ wo dodow so tew esiane ɔyare bi a woanya nnansa yi nti a, ɛda adi sɛ ɛbɛsan aba sɛnea na ɛte kan bere a wo nipadua no sa yare no. Sɛ yare a ɛkyɛ anaa nnuru a wɔde sa wo yare na ɛde wo neutropenia ba a, wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo neutrophil dodow so daa na amma nsɛnnennen a efi ɔyare mmoawa mu aba no ano. Bisa wo duruyɛfo sɛ ebia wo neutropenia no hwehwɛ sɛ woyɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu ne nnuru a wɔde siw nyarewa ano daa anaa.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Neutropenia yɛ tebea a ɛma nipadua no mu mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a wɔfrɛ no neutrophils no sua. Eyi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya ɔyare mmoawa no yɛ kɛse. Saa tebea yi abu so titiriw wɔ nnipa a wɔreyɛ kokoram ayaresa te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare no mu.

Ɛnyɛ biribiara a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho, ayaresa ahorow wɔ hɔ ma eyi. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ:

• Di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Anamɔn biara a wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ wo ho ban afi ɔyare mmoawa ho.
• Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara a ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanya ɔyare no, te sɛ atiridiinini , hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

Sɛ wunim eyi na woyɛ ahwɛyiye a, wubetumi akɔ so anya apɔwmuden wɔ neutropenia mpo ho. Mma ntwentwɛn wo nan ase da sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa nsɛmmisa anaa dadwen biara a ebia wowɔ ho.

` Neutropenia, neutrophils, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa, ɔyare mmoawa, kokoram, nnuru a wɔde sa yare