So mmoawa a wɔn ho yɛ nwonwa yi ka w’ahurututu nso? (NTM Lung Disease) Momma yɛnkasa nkɔ akyiri!

So woate mmoawa bi a wɔfrɛ no `Nontuberculous Mycobacteria` (NTM) a wɔde ahurututu mu yare ba ho asɛm pɛn? Eyi ho yɛ na kakra, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ yare a obiara nya. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, tebea a wɔfrɛ no NTM ahurututu mu yare yi ba bere a saa mmoawa a wɔfrɛ wɔn NTM yi hyɛn yɛn ahurututu mu na ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba wɔ hɔ no. Ebia saa din yi yɛ foforo kakra ma wo, nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm kɔ akyiri nnɛ, wɔ Sinhala kasa mu a wubetumi ate ase.

Dɛn ne NTM ahurututu mu yare yi? So ahorow ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea NTM ahurututu mu yare yi yɛ, ne sɛ ebia ne ahorow ahorow wɔ hɔ anaa. Eyi yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛka ahurututu nkutoo. Yehu eyi ahorow atitiriw abien:

1. Nodular bronchiectasis: Eyi ne yare a abu so sen biara na ɛnyɛ den koraa . Ne titiriw no, ɛyɛ tebea a ntini nketenkete (akuru nketenkete) nyin wɔ ahurututu no mu, na ɛma ahurututu no trɛw (bronchiectasis). Saa tebea yi taa ba mmea a wɔagyae brayɛ akyi (i.e., wɔn a wɔagyae brayɛ) ne wɔn a wɔnnom sigaret mu . Ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ den de, nanso sɛ wɔansa a, ebetumi de ɔhaw aba.

2. Cavitary NTM ahurututu mu yare: Eyi yɛ yare no a emu yɛ den sen nea atwam no. Nea ɛda nsow ne sɛ ntokuru anaa ntokuru a ɛba w’ahurututu mu ntini mu nkakrankakra. Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ mmeae nketenkete a tokuru wɔ w’ahurututu mu. Bere a eyi kɔ so no, ɔhome mu yɛ den kɛse na ebetumi ama obi ahome a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye . Saa ɔkwan yi abu so wɔ wɔn a wɔnom sigaret, wɔn a wɔanom sigaret mfe pii, anaa wɔn a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa afoforo te sɛ emphysema .

Enti dɛn ne NTM yi?

Seesei ebia woresusuw ho sɛ mmoawa bɛn na NTM yɛ. `Nontuberculous mycobacteria` (NTM) yɛ mmoawa abusua bi a wɔnyin brɛoo, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔnnɔɔso na wɔnyini ntɛmntɛm. Wɔwɔ baabiara wɔ baabiara a ɛyɛ nwonwa wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wobetumi ahu mmoawa yi wɔ asase, nsu (nsubɔnten, nsubɔnten, tap nsu mpo), ne mfutuma mu . Enti, ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ yɛbɛde yɛn ho afi wɔn ho koraa.

Ade titiriw foforo a ɛwɔ saa NTM mmoawa yi ho ne sɛ nnuru a wɔtaa de kum mmoawa no tumi ko tia . Nea ɛka ho no, saa NTM mmoawa yi wɔ tumi a ɛyɛ nwonwa a wotumi gyina ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro a anka ebekum mmoawa ahorow afoforo ano. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wode nsu a ɛyɛ hyew hohoro wɔn kɛkɛ mpo a, wonwuwu.

Nneɛma atitiriw abien na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea ɔyare mmoawa yi mu yɛ den, ayaresa a wɔde ma, ne sɛnea obi ho bɛtɔ no. Biako ne sɛ, .Dɛn ne mmoawa (`strain`) a ɛde ɔyare no ba? Foforo nso ne sɛ ebia yare no yɛ `nodular bronchiectatic` anaa `cavitary` a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no . Ɛwom sɛ mmoawa ahorow pii wɔ NTM abusua no mu de, nanso ahorow atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a ɛde ahurututu mu nyarewa ba nnipa mu:

• Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC): Wɔ aman te sɛ United States mu no, mpɛn pii no, mmoawa kuw yi na ɛde NTM ahurututu mu nyarewa ba.
• Mycobacterium abscessus: Eyi nso yɛ type a emu yɛ den na ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa.
• `Mycobacterium kansasii`: Eyi yɛ ɔkwan foforo a wɔfa so yɛ ade.

Hena na ɛda adi sɛ obenya NTM ahurututu mu yare?

Ɛnyɛ obiara na NTM mmoawa na ɛyare. Nanso, ɛda adi sɛ nnipa binom benya yare no, anaasɛ asiane kɛse wom . Ɛne sɛ, nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow bi a ɛma obi nya ɔyare no betumi aka wɔn. Titiriw no, sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa afoforo a, ɛda adi sɛ wubenya NTM ahurututu mu yare. Nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho ni:

• Ahurututu mu yare a ɛsan ba bio: Nnipa binom taa nya ahurututu mu yare. Eyi te saa titiriw ma nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow te sɛ `aspirate pneumonia`, baabi a nneɛma a yɛhome (te sɛ aduan ne anonne) betumi akɔ yɛn ahurututu mu na anya ɔyare no .
• Akisikuru: Eyi nso yɛ tebea a abu so wɔ nnipa pii mu. Akisikuru ma mframa kwan a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu no yɛ mmerɛw, na ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobenya NTM nyarewa.
• Bronchiectasis: Wɔkyerɛ sɛ eyi ne asiane titiriw a ɛma obi nya NTM ahurututu mu yare. Wɔ eyi mu no, ahurututu ( mframa kwan) a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu no trɛw daa, ɛtrɛw, na wɔn afasu yɛ mmerɛw. Eyi ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ nsu bɛkyere, na ɛma tebea pa a mmoawa betumi anyin.
• Ahurututu mu yare a enni sabea (COPD): Eyi yɛ ahurututu mu yare a enni sabea a abu so wɔ wɔn a wɔnom sigaret mu.
• Cystic fibrosis: Eyi yɛ awosu mu yare. Ɛma nsu a ɛyɛ den nso boaboa ano wɔ ahurututu no mu, na ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba.
• Ahurututu mu kokoram: Esiane sɛ obi a ɔwɔ ahurututu mu kokoram no ahurututu yɛ mmerɛw nti, ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ NTM betumi anya.
• Nsamanwaw (TB): Nnipa a wɔadi kan anya nsamanwaw na wɔasɛe wɔn ahurututu nso wɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya NTM.

Bio nso, sɛ woadi boro mfeɛ 65 , anaasɛ wowɔ ayaresa tebea biara a ɛma wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / AIDS , rheumatoid arthritis - yareɛ a ɛma nkwaa mu yɛ hyew, .Sɛ wowɔ Sjögren yare (a ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ aniwa ne ano a ɛyɛ kusuu ba), anaasɛ wonom nnuru a esiw nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ano (e.g., chemotherapy , corticosteroids a wɔhome ma tebea horow te sɛ ayamtu) a, asiane kɛse nso wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya NTM ahurututu mu yare.

Dɛn ne NTM ahurututu mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛda adi bere a NTM ahurututu mu yare yi aba no. Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw a wɔtaa hu ne ɔfe . Saa ɔfe yi nte sɛ ɔfe a atiridii a ɛtaa ba no ara kwa. Ɛyɛ:

• Ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛtra hɔ kyɛ . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ebetumi atra hɔ adapɛn anaa asram pii.
• Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ wofe a, wubetumi mpo de mogya kakra aka nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ no ho aba . Wɔfrɛ eyi `hemoptysis` wɔ aduruyɛ mu.
• Ɔfe no betumi ayɛ den araa ma wuntumi nna anadwo. Ebia wobɛsɔre a ɔfe bere a woada no.
• Ebia nsu a ɛyɛ den a ebia ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow bɛpue .

Wɔ ɔfe yi akyi no, sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo betumi aba. Ɛnyɛ obiara na obenya saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nyinaa, nanso ebia wubenya eyinom bi:

• Koko mu yaw: Ebia wobɛte ɛyaw bi wɔ wo koko mu bere a worehome anaa wofefe no.
• Ɔbrɛ/ɔbrɛ a ɛboro so: Ɛnyɛ ɔbrɛ nko, na mmom atenka a ɛne sɛ wuntumi nyɛ hwee ɛmfa ho nea wobɛyɛ.
• Anorexia: Ɔpɛ a obi hwere sɛ obedidi.
• Atiridii a ɛba fam a ɛma obi ho nyɛ no dɛ: Ɛnyɛ atiridii a ɛkɔ soro, nanso nipadua no hyew kɔ so yɛ kɛse.
• Anadwo fifiri: Wosɔre a wo ho fifiri retu wo nipadua nyinaa bere a woada no.
• Ɔhome mu nyarewa a ɛtaa ba: Nyarewa a ɛte sɛ ahurututu mu yare ba asram kakraa biara.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea): Ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome bere a ɔbɔ mmɔden kakra mpo anaasɛ bere a ɔreforo antweri no.
• Mu duru a wɔtew so a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu: Mu duru a wɔtew so mpofirim a wonni aduan pa.
• Nnyigyei a ɛyɛ hu bere a ɔrehome: Wɔte abɛn nnyigyei bi fi koko mu.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, titiriw ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa a.

So NTM ahurututu mu yare no tumi de nnipa kɔ nnipa mu?

Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a nnipa pii bisa na wɔpɛ sɛ wohu. Nokwarem no, ɛntaa nnya NTM mmoawa mfi onipa biako mu nkɔ foforo mu. Wei kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wo ne obi a ɔwɔ NTM ahurututu mu yare kasa anaa wonom kuruwa a wɔde dii dwuma mu a, worennya. Enti, mprempren wogye tom sɛ eyi nyɛ yare a ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba .

Nanso, ade biako wɔ hɔ. Wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ awosu mu yare ``cystic fibrosis`` mu no, nyarewa binom (nhwehwɛmufo da so ara reyɛ nhwehwɛmu sɛ ebia saa NTM yareɛ yi nso ka wɔn ho anaa) ntaa ntrɛwee. Nanso, wɔ nnipa dodow no ara mu no, biribiara nni hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro sɛ NTM ahurututu mu yare bɛtrɛw.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu NTM ahurututu mu yare no pɛpɛɛpɛ?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, NTM ahurututu mu yare a wobehu no betumi ayɛ den efisɛ ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no nyɛ pɔtee. Ɛne sɛ, wɔte sɛ ahurututu mu nyarewa afoforo a ɛtaa ba (e.g., ahurututu mu yare, nsamanwaw, ahurututu mu yare) no ara pɛ.

Sɛ wobetumi ahu yare no a, anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ wodi nneɛma abiɛsa ho dwuma:

1. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛwɔ hɔ: Nsɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ ɔfe a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm ne ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.

2. Nsakrae a ɛba wɔ ahurututu mu X-ray anaa CT scan mu: Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi hwehwɛ ntini, abura, anaa ahurututu mu yare a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu.

3. NTM mmoawa a enyin wɔ ahurututu mu nhwɛsode mu: Wɔfa ahurututu a wofe (a ebia ɛne nnompe afra) no na wɔsɔ hwɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu hwɛ sɛ NTM mmoawa wɔ mu na ɛrenyin wɔ mu anaa.

Sɛ wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa bi a, sɛ wubehu NTM mmoawa a ɛde ba ankasa a, ɛho hia ma ayaresa.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔyɛ ma eyi no bi ne:

• Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu: Oduruyɛfo no bebisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na ɔde afiri a wɔde tie asɛm atie wo koko.
• Mfoninitwa ho nhwehwɛmu: Chest X-ray anaa CT scan de hwɛ nsakrae a ɛba ahurututu mu ntini mu. CT scan betumi ama woanya mfonini a emu da hɔ sen X-ray.
• Sputum culture: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia sen biara. Ade a edi kan anɔpa, ansa na wobɛhohoro wo sẽ no, ɛho behia sɛ wofefe nsu pii na wode ahyɛ toa titiriw bi mu. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a sɔhwɛ no bɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no, ɛho behia sɛ wode nhwɛsode no ma nna pii (mpɛn pii no anyɛ yiye koraa no nnansa). Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ wuntumi nfefe ahurututu mu yiye a, wo duruyɛfo betumi de ɔkwan bi a wɔfrɛ no ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu afa mframa kwan nketewa a ɛwɔ w’ahurututu mu no mu. Afei oduruyɛfo titiriw no de afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete bɛhwɛ nhwɛsode no mu na wayɛ mmoawa no amammerɛ.
• Lung biopsy: Wɔnyɛ eyi mma obiara. Sɛ wɔantumi amfi ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu anaa nhwehwɛmu afoforo mu ankɔ asɛm bi a emu da hɔ, anaasɛ wosusuw sɛ yare foforo bi wɔ hɔ a, woyi ntini ketewaa bi fi ahurututu no mu na wɔhwehwɛ mu.

Dɛn bio na ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa NTM sɔhwɛ ahorow ho?

Ade biako wɔ hɔ a ɛho hia bio a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa NTM sɔhwɛ ho. Nnipa pii wɔ yare no mfe pii ansa na wɔahu wɔn.Saa NTM ahurututu mu yare yi betumi aba. Esiane sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi nkakrankakra nti, nnipa binom mfa wɔn adwene nsi so. Dodow a wo yare yi kyɛ no, dodow no ara na w’ahurututu no sɛe kɛse na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nsɛnnennen no yɛ kɛse.

Sɛ wɔresa w’ahurututu mu yare foforo dedaw (e.g. ayamtu, COPD), nanso wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow (te sɛ ɔfe, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa) reyɛ kɛse a, ebia wubenya mfaso afi nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ sɛ wowɔ NTM yare no mu. Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka eyi ho asɛm akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Ɔhwɛ a eye sen biara a wɔde sa yare yi fi nnuruyɛfo a wɔwɔ nimdeɛ ne osuahu titiriw wɔ yare yi ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no , ahurututu ho animdefo ne nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ nyarewa a wɔde yare mmoawa .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa NTM ahurututu mu yare?

Okay, afei momma yɛnka ayaresa a wɔde sa eyi ho asɛm. Ayaresa a ɛfata wo no gyina nneɛma kakraa bi so. Eyinom bi ne NTM mmoawa ko a wɔde wo yare no reba, NTM ahurututu mu yare ko a wowɔ (nodular bronchiectatic anaa cavitary) , ne w’akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm nyinaa ne mprempren akwahosan tebea .

Mpɛn pii no, eyi ho ayaresa titiriw ne nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa . Nanso eyi nyɛ aduru a wonom nnanson anaa awotwe na afei wugyae ara kwa. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔnom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa yi bere nyinaa asram pii, ɛtɔ mmere bi a afe biako anaa nea ɛboro saa mpo . Mpɛn pii no, ɛnyɛ nnuru biako pɛ a ekum ɔyare mmoawa, na mmom nnuru ahorow abien anaa abiɛsa a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔbom nom .

Wɔ yare no tebea a emu yɛ den mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ahurututu no asɛe kɛse na abura ayɛ mu no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de yi ahurututu mu ntini a ɔyare no wom no fi hɔ. Nanso, wɔnyɛ eyi mma obiara. Sɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ntumi nni wo yare no so yiye, anaasɛ wuntumi nnyina nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa de ba no ano a, ɛda adi sɛ nnuruyɛfo besusuw oprehyɛn ho. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnipa a wɔwɔ Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) yare no tumi mogya fi wɔn ahurututu mu esiane ɔyare mmoawa yi nti. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn na ama mogya no agyae.

So nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ NTM ayaresa mu?

Yiw, eyi nso yɛ asɛmmisa a ɛho hia. Sɛ obi nom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa bere tenten, kyerɛ sɛ, asram pii a, ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow bi aba . Nneɛma bɔne a ɛtaa ba ne:

• Ɔfe ne akisikuru
• Ɔyare a ɛma obi dwensɔ (yafunu mu yaw) .
• Akɔnnɔ
• Yafunu mu yaw

Bio nso, nnuru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa (ɛnyɛ ne nyinaa) betumi ama aso mu nsakrae (te sɛ aso a ɛso tew), aniwa mu nsakrae (te sɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ kusuu), mmerɛbo asɛe, ne honam ani akisikuru.Nneɛma a ɛtete saa ntaa nsi.

Nha wo ho! Wo duruyɛfo bɛbɔ wo amanneɛ wɔ saa nsunsuanso bɔne yi ho. Afei nso, bere a wɔreyɛ ayaresa no, wɔbɛyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu, ne aso mu nhwehwɛmu daa de ahwɛ sɛ ebia saa nsunsuanso bɔne yi wɔ hɔ anaa.

Saa ɔhaw ahorow yi betumi ama ayɛ den sɛ wobɛyɛ da biara da dwumadi ahorow. Nanso, sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛtoa w’ayaresa no so a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ebia wo duruyɛfo betumi asesa dodow a wode bɛma no, akyerɛw wo aduru foforo, anaasɛ wafa akwan foforo so adi nea efi mu ba no ho dwuma. Nnyae nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa no da a wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa. Saa a wobɛyɛ no betumi ama mmoawa no atumi ako atia nnuru no, na ɛno betumi ama wo tebea no asɛe kɛse.

So wobetumi asiw NTM ahurututu mu yare ano?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ɛyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛkwati NTM mmoawa a wɔde yɛn ho bɛhyɛ mu koraa efisɛ ɛwɔ baabiara wɔ yɛn nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu. Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a ɛnyɛ den a wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya NTM ahurututu mu yare no so:

• Fa ahotew pa di dwuma: Sɛ wode samina ne nsu hohoro wo nsa yiye daa a, ebetumi aboa ma woasiw mmoawa te sɛ NTM mmoawa a wɔtrɛw mu no so. Ɛtew hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ɔyare mmoawa no nso so sɛ wunya ɔyare mmoawa no a.
• Nya vaccine: Ɛho hia sɛ wobɛnya atiridiinini vaccine no afe biara ne pneumonia vaccine no sɛdeɛ wo duruyɛfoɔ kyerɛ no. Efisɛ sɛ wunya atiridii anaa ahurututu mu yare a, NTM ahurututu mu yare a wobɛsan anya no betumi ayɛ den kɛse na w’ahurututu betumi ayɛ mmerɛw mpo.
• Gyae sigaretnom ne tawanom mu nneɛma koraa: Tawa a wɔnom no pira ahurututu no kɛse. Ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya ahurututu mu nyarewa ne nyarewa te sɛ NTM no yɛ kɛse. Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret a, sigaret a wubegyae ne ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ama w’ahurututu. Sɛ wuhia mmoa wɔ eyi ho a, wo ne oduruyɛfo nkasa.

Dɛn ne daakye ma nnipa a wɔwɔ NTM ahurututu mu yare?

Eyi gyina onipa no tebea so kɛse. Nanso, nnipa pii, titiriw wɔn a wɔwɔ `non-cavitary` (non-cavity, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ntokuru biara nni ahurututu mu) no ho tɔ wɔn koraa. Hokwan a wowɔ ne ahoɔhare a wowɔ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo no gyina nneɛma te sɛ:

• NTM ahurututu mu yare ko a wowɔ (e.g., nodular bronchiectasis anaa cavitary?).
• Dɛn ne NTM mmoawa a ɛde ɔyare no bae no? (Nnuru ahorow bi yɛ wɔn ade yiye wɔ ayaresa ho sen afoforo.)
• W’akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm nyinaa (te sɛ nyarewa afoforo, nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa, ne nea ɛkeka ho).
• Sɛ́ ebia wubetumi agyina nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde ma bere tenten ano (sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae aduru no esiane nea efi mu ba nti a, ɛyɛ ɔhaw).
• Wo nsa bɛka nnuru a ɛfata a ekum ɔyare mmoawa nso, a ɛfata wo yare ne mmoawa ko a wowɔ no.
• Sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu yare a, tumi a wowɔ ne ɔpɛ a wowɔ sɛ wobɛyɛ mframa kwan a wɔde yi mframa no mu ayaresa (te sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ de yi nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ) ho hia.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ ayaresa no yɛ yiye mpo a, ebia nnipa binom benya NTM ahurututu mu yare a ɛsan ba bio pɛnkoro anaa nea ɛboro saa . Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no na wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi.

Dɛn na ɛho hia bere a wo ne NTM ahurututu mu yare te no?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ahurututu mu yare a NTM mmoawa de ba a wobɛtra ase no betumi ayɛ den kakra. Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a ɛnyɛ den na mfaso wɔ so a wubetumi ayɛ de aboa wo ma woanya apɔwmuden na wo ho atɔ wo sɛnea wubetumi:

• Kwati nsu ne nsu a ɛyɛ hyew: NTM mmoawa no nyin yiye wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini. Enti, kwati sɛ wode nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, spa, ne sauna bedi dwuma sɛnea wubetumi biara. Sɛ wowɔ adididan anaa aguaree mu a, sɛ nsuo a ɛyɛ hyew boaboa ano a, dane `ventilation fan` / `exhaust fan`. Sɛ woreguare a, nnyaw nsu no nkyɛ dodo na fa nsu a ɛyɛ hyew hyɛ aguaree no ma.
• Di aduan a ahoɔden wom: Sɛ woma w’aduan kari pɛ na ahoɔden wom a, ɛbɛma wo nipadua no anya ahoɔden ne aduannuru a ehia na ama watumi ako atia nyarewa. Fa protein (mpataa, nam, nkesua, nufusu, nnuaba), nsu (nsu, soup, nnuaba nsu), ne nhabannuru ne nnuaba pii ka w’aduan ho.
• Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wo duruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛnyɛ den (te sɛ nantew) betumi ama nsu a ɛwɔ w’ahurututu mu no ayɛ mmerɛw na ama ayɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobɛfefe. Wobetumi nso ama w’ahoɔden ne wo boasetɔ atu mpɔn. Nanso, bisa wo duruyɛfo anaa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho ɔbenfo mfa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛfata wo ho asɛm.
• Hyɛ anim akatasoɔ sɛ ɛho hia a: Esiane sɛ NTM mmoawa tumi tena mfuturo ne dɔteɛ mu nti, anim akatasoɔ a wobɛhyɛ berɛ a worekɔ mmeaeɛ te sɛ sare a wɔatwa no foforɔ, mmeaeɛ a wɔasiesie no foforɔ, mfuo, ne mmeaeɛ a mfuturo wɔ hɔ no bɛtumi aboa ama wɔasiw NTM a wɔbɛkɔ so adi dwuma no ano akodu baabi.

Momma yɛmfa saa nkrasɛm yi nkɔ fie.

Okay, enti yɛaka NTM ahurututu mu yare ho asɛm pii. Sɛ yɛde rewie a, nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae no bi ni:

NTM ahurututu mu yareɛ yɛ ahurututu mu yareɛ a ɛfiri mmoawa bi (`Nontuberculous Mycobacteria`) a ɛnyini nkakrankakra wɔ yɛn mpɔtam, te sɛ asase ne nsuo. Nnipa a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa afoforo (titiriw `Bronchiectasis`) ne wɔn a wɔn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw no taa nya saa tebea yi.

Ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobehu na wɔasa, efisɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no te sɛ ahurututu mu nyarewa afoforo na ayaresa betumi agye bere tenten. Mmom,Nnipa pii nam ayaresa ne afotu a ɛfata so ma wɔn ho tɔ wɔn koraa.

Sɛ wowɔ saa yare yi, anaasɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya bi a, kwati a wobɛkwati nsu a ɛyɛ nwini, ahotew pa a wobɛkɔ so ayɛ, na sɛ ɛho hia a, w’anim akataso bere a worekɔ abɔnten wɔ mmeae a mfutuma wɔ no betumi aboa wo kɛse.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa, mogya a ɛtɔ, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa, anaasɛ wo mu duru a ɛso tew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu a, nnye ntom kɛkɛ sɛ ɛyɛ biribi a ɛbae kwa, na mmom kɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔfata nkyɛn ntɛm ara kɔhwehwɛ afotu. Mma ɛnhaw wo, sɛ wohu yare no yiye na wosa yare a, wobetumi adi tebea yi so yiye. Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara, na nnuruyɛfo wɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛboa wo.

` NTM ahurututu mu yare, Mycobacteria a ɛnyɛ nsamanwaw, ahurututu mu yare, mmoawa, ɔhome mu yare, ɔfe, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa