Wo ba a wadi mfeɛ 2 no ba yie nsrahwɛ (Well-Child Visit - 2 Years): Momma yɛnhwɛ deɛ ɛbɛsi.

Seesei wo ba ketewa no adi mfe abien, ɛnte saa? Bere a ɔrenyin no, ɛho hia sɛ ɔkɔ oduruyɛfo anaa ɔyarehwɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwɛ sɛnea n’akwahosan te. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka nea ɛtaa si wɔ abofra a wɔn ho yɛ den nsrahwɛ mu, nea oduruyɛfo no bɛhwehwɛ, ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu ho asɛm. Eyi te sɛ nkɔmmɔbɔ a wo ne oduruyɛfo no bɔ.

Sɛ wohyia oduruyɛfo yi a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ kwan?

Sɛ wode wo ba no kɔ a, wubetumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ oduruyɛfo ne/anaasɛ ɔyarehwɛfo no bɛyɛ nea edidi so yi:

1. Akokoaa nyin a wosusuw :

Ade a edi kan a wobɛyɛ ne sɛ wubesusuw wo ba no mu duru, ne tenten, ne ne ti ntwemu na woakyerɛw saa susuw ahorow no wɔ onyin ho nhyehyɛe so. Eyi ne ɔkwan a wobɛfa so ahu sɛ wo ba no renyin yiye anaa. Afei nso, wobu wo ba no nipadua mu duru, anaa BMI (Body Mass Index) ho akontaa na wɔkyerɛw gu nhyehyɛe no so. Eyi betumi aboa wo ma woahu sɛ ebia wo ba no mu duru yɛ nea ɛfata ma ne tenten anaa.

2. Sɔhwɛ titiriw (`Screening Sɔhwɛ`):

Ɛtɔ da bi a, tebea horow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohu ntɛm wɔ abofra nyin mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a ebetumi aboa ma wɔahu tebea horow te sɛ `` Autism '' ntɛm wɔ saa mfe yi mu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ biribi a ɛte saa wɔ hɔ a, yebetumi afi ase aboa ntɛm.

3. Wo ba ketewa no ho asɛm a wobɛka:

Oduruyɛfo no bebisa wo nsɛm, aka wo haw ahorow ho asɛm, na wama wo akwankyerɛ wɔ sɛnea wo ba a wadi mfe abien betumi ayɛ saa nneɛma yi ho:

• Aduan ne anonne:

Sɛ ɛtɔ da bi a wo ba kumaa no gyae adidi, anaasɛ onni biribi a n’ani gye ho da bi na afei onni bi da a edi hɔ no a, mma ɛnyɛ wo nwonwa. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata wɔ mfe yi mu. Yɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wobɛma wo ba no nnuan atitiriw 3 ne nnuan a ahoɔden wom 2-3 da biara. Ɛyɛ w’asɛyɛde sɛ wusi nea wobɛma wɔn aduan ho gyinae, nanso ma wo ba no nsi dodow a wobedi ho gyinae.

• Peeing ne Pooping a Wɔde Tow : .

Mmofra dodow no ara ayɛ krado sɛ wobefi ase atete nkuku bere a wɔadi mfe 2-3 . Wubetumi ahu bere a wo ba no ayɛ krado sɛ obefi ase atete nkuku denam nsɛnkyerɛnne yi so:

• Tiafi ho anigye a wobɛda no adi (nea maame, papa, anaa onua bi yɛ wɔ aguaree, a wobɛtra nkongua ketewa bi a wɔde nkuku ayɛ so).
• Wubetumi ama diaper no ayow bere tenten a ɛrenyɛ nsu.
• Wubetumi de mmoa atwe wo pants akɔ fam na akɔ soro.
• Te abusuabɔ a ɛda atenka a ɛne sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔtow /su ne nsu a wɔtow /wura ntam no ase.
• Wɔka bere a mpaboa no ayɛ nsu anaasɛ ɛho agu fĩ.

• Da:

Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, abofra a wadi mfe abien hia bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew 11-14 da biara, a nna a ɔda awia ka ho.

• Mmofra Nkɔso (`Nkɔso`):

Edu mfe abien a, mmofra dodow no ara yɛ saa nneɛma yi:

• Wɔde nsɛmfua abien bom yɛ kasamu (e.g. "Mepɛ nufusu").
• Ɔde nsaanodwuma foforo a ɛnyɛ sɛ wobɛwosow ne nsa a wode bɛkyerɛ (e.g., atuu a ɔbɔ) di dwuma.
• Sɛ wɔka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnhwehwɛ nneɛma wɔ nhoma bi mu a, wɔtwe adwene si so.
• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, nipadua no afã abien a wɔbɛtwe adwene asi so.
• Mihu no bere a afoforo apira anaa wɔadi awerɛhow no.
• Mmɔden a wɔbɔ sɛ wode nneɛma te sɛ `switches`, `knobs`, `buttons` bedi dwuma.
• Ɔde agode a wɔde di dwuma bɛboro pɛnkoro di agoru (e.g., wɔde agode nkuku bi gu agode prɛte so).
• Mmirikatu na wɔbɔ bɔɔl no.
• Ɔforo antweri kakraa bi a ɔwɔ mmoa anaasɛ onni mmoa (a onhuruw nkɔ soro).

Sɛ wo ba kumaa no ntumi nhyia nkɔso mu nsɛntitiriw yi biako anaa nea ɛboro saa, anaasɛ wuhu sɛ ɔrehwere ne tumi a na ɔwɔ kan no a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa.

4. Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ :

Wɔ w’anim no, wobeyi wo ba no ntade na wɔayɛ no nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ wɔn aniwa, wɔn sẽ, atie wɔn koma ne wɔn ahurututu, na wɔahwɛ wɔn nipadua mu ahoɔden, kasa a wɔde di dwuma, ne wɔn nneyɛe so.

5. Vaccines Nsakraeɛ:

Nnuru a wɔde bɔ mmofra ho ban yɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so bɔ mmofra ho ban fi nyarewa a emu yɛ den ho. Enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛma wo ba no anya vaccine wɔ bere ano. Vaccination nhyehyɛe betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ oduruyɛfo adwumayɛbea biara. Enti, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea wobɛhwɛ kwan ho.

6. Sɔhwɛ afoforo sɛ ɛho hia a:

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ ɛho hia a, obetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nneɛma te sɛ kɔbere awuduru, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, srade a ɛdɔɔso , ne nsamanwaw mu nhwehwɛmu.

Momma yɛnhwɛ yɛn anim.

Enkosi sɛ wo ba no bɛkɔ akɔhwɛ no bio, a ɛyɛ asram 30 no, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wode saa nneɛma yi tra w’adwenem:

Momma yɛnhwɛ aduan ne anonne so.

• Ɛtaa ba sɛ mmofra nkumaa a wɔwɔ saa mfe yi mu no sua sɛ wobedi aduan koro (‘food jags’). Sɛ ɛte sɛ nea wo ba no abata aduan biako ho mpo a, kɔ so de nnuan ahorow ma.
• Ma wo ba no nsi nea obedi ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ ogyae adidi bere a wamene no ho gyinae. Fa nnuan a ahoɔden wom ma, .Kwati sɛ wobɛma anonne a asikre pii wom .
• Dan kɔ nufusu a srade nnim anaa srade nnim so , anaasɛ fa soya anonne a wɔahyɛ no den a wɔmfa nnɔkɔnnɔkɔwade nnim ma. Fa nufusu afoforo a srade nnim anaa srade nnim te sɛ yogurt ma.
• Mfa nnuaba nsuo a ɛboro ounces 4 (120 ml) mma da biara.
• Kwati sɛ wode nnuan a asikre, nkyene, ngo pii wom, na aduannuru kakraa bi wom bɛma.
• Kwati sɛ wode nnuan a ebetumi ama obi amene no bɛma obi, te sɛ hot dog, bobe a wɔayam, nhabannuru a wɔannoa, nnuaba, ne nnuaba anaa ahwiesa a ɛyɛ den.

Momma yɛmmoa wo mma yensua.

• Mmofra nkumaa sua ade yiye bere a wɔne wɔn awofo, wɔn a wɔhwɛ wɔn, ne nneɛma a atwa wɔn ho ahyia bom yɛ adwuma no. To screen bere (i.e., bere a wode hwɛ TV, kɔmputa, tablɛt, anaa screen afoforo) ano hye ma nnɔnhwerew 1-2 da biara. Ɛsɛ sɛ eyi nso yɛ mmofra dwumadi pa, a wo ne wo ba betumi abom ahwɛ.
• Fa beae a ahobammɔ wɔ a wodi agoru ma , na ma wo ba no bere pii mfa nhwehwɛ nneɛma mu, mfa mmirika nkɔ baabiara, na onni agoru (`active play`). Mpɛn pii no, wɔbom di agoru.
• Kenkan nhoma kyerɛ wo ba da biara.

Momma yensusuw da biara da hwɛ ne ahobammɔ nso ho.

• Ma wo ba no nhohoro ne sẽ wɔ w’akwankyerɛ ase. Fa aduru a wɔde sew sẽ kakraa bi (bɛyɛ sɛ pea) ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw di dwuma mprenu da biara. Brush mmeae biara a wɔbɛpa. Sɛ wunnya nkɔɔ ntini ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛyɛ saa. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛboa ma wo sẽ aporɔw no, wo duruyɛfo anaa wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo betumi de fluoride varnish apete wo ba no sẽ so mpɛn 2-4 afe biara.
• Hwɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ba no ayɛ krado sɛ obefi ase atete nkuku. Sɛ n’ani nnye ho a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛtwɛn kakra ansa na woabɔ mmɔden bio. Ebia abofra a ɔde nkuku no di dwuma awiabere na onni ɔhaw biara mpo behia mpaboa anadwo.
• Fa mmara a ɛkɔ so daa a wo ba no betumi ate ase sisi hɔ. Hyɛ suban pa ho nkuran, kamfo, na nya adwempa bere a woresakra suban a wompɛ no.
• Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ mmofra bo fuw wɔ saa mfe yi mu. Ɛda adi sɛ ɛbɛba titiriw bere a wɔabrɛ anaasɛ ɔkɔm de wɔn no. Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wubegyae abufuw ansa na aba - twetwe wo ba no adwene anaa yi no fi tebea no mu.
• Mmɔ wo ba no. Mmofra nte abusuabɔ a ɛda ɔbɔ ne subammɔne a worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubesiesie no ntam ase. Mmom no, wubetumi de bere tiaa bi a wode gye w’ahome adi dwuma.
• Sɛ wode abofra no kɔ kar mu a, .Fa wo ba no to kar mu nkongua a ɛhwɛ akyi kosi sɛ obedu ne mu duru anaa ne sorokɔ a ɛsen biara a nea ɔyɛ kar nkongua kamfo kyerɛ no ho. Na afotu dedaw no ne sɛ wɔbɛdan wɔn anim akɔ anim bere a wɔadi mfe 2. Nanso mprempren, ahobammɔ ho abenfo ka sɛ eye sɛ wobegyina abofra no kɛse so ayɛ saa, na ɛnyɛ mfe a wadi. Enti, mmofra nkumaa betumi atra kar nkongua a ɛhwɛ akyi mu kosi sɛ wobedi mfe 3 anaa 4.
• Hwɛ wo ba no so bere a ɔredi agoru wɔ abɔnten anaa agodibea nnwinnade so no. Hwɛ hu sɛ wo ba no hyɛ dade kyɛw bere nyinaa bere a ɔte sakre abiɛsa so anaasɛ ɔte ɔpanyin sakre akongua mu no.
• Bɔ wo ba ho ban fi atuo akwanhyia ho denam tuo a woremfa nsi fie hɔ no so. Sɛ wowɔ tuo a, fa to mu, a atuo nni mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde atuo sie wɔ ɔkwan soronko so. Fa nsafe no sie baabi a mmofra ntumi nkɔ.
• Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa w’asetra tebea ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa. So wowɔ nneɛma a wuhia na wode ahwɛ wo ba no? So wowɔ aduan a ɛdɔɔso, baabi a ahobammɔ wɔ a wobɛtra, ne akwahosan ho insurance? Wo duruyɛfo betumi aka mpɔtam hɔ nneɛma ho asɛm akyerɛ wo anaasɛ ɔde wo bɛkɔ asetra mu nsɛm ho dwumayɛni nkyɛn.

Saa nhwehwɛmu ho nsɛm nkrataa yi ne Amerika Mmofra Ayaresa Sukuu (AAP)/Bright Futures akwankyerɛ ahorow no hyia.

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae sɛ wode bɛkɔ fie

Okay, enti yɛaka mfeɛ mmienu oduruyɛfoɔ nsrahwɛ yi ho asɛm pii, ɛnte saa? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ nhyiam a ɛho hia wɔ wo, wo ba kumaa, ne oduruyɛfo no ntam.

• Ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ sɛ akokoaa no renyin yiye anaa. `Growth chart` ne `BMI` boa wɔ eyi mu.
• Mma nhyɛ aduan, na mmom fa nnuan a ahoɔden wom ma. Hwɛ sɛ wo ba ketewa no ayɛ krado ama potty ntetee anaa.
• Hwɛ sɛnea wo ba no tumi te, sɛnea ɔkasa, ne sɛnea odi agoru no yiye. Sɛ biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ ɔhaw a, ka kyerɛ oduruyɛfo no .
• Fa vaccine no ma wɔ bere ano. Ɛno ho hia paa.
• Ahobammɔ di kan! Dwen wo ba no ahobammɔ ho bere nyinaa wɔ fie, abɔnten, ne kar mu.
• Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa adwenem naayɛ bi a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. Wɔwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛboa wo.

Bere a saa nneɛma yi wɔ w’adwenem no, wo ne wo ba ketewa no kɔ oduruyɛfo nsrahwɛ a ɛho hia yi. Afei wo nso wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho adwo wo!

` Mmofra akwahosan, mfe abien nhwehwɛmu, Well-Child Visit, mmofra nkɔso, potty ntetee, mmofra vaccinations, mmofra ahobammɔ