Wo Asram 18 Nsrahwɛ a Wobɛkɔ Ahwɛ Abofra Yiye: So Ɛsɛ sɛ Yehu Eyi?

Ebetumi ayɛ hu kakra sɛ wode wo ba ketewa a wadi asram 18 bɛkɔ oduruyɛfo adwumayɛbea, ɛnte saa? Nanso eyi yɛ hokwan kɛse a wode besua wo ba no akwahosan ne ne nkɔso ho ade pii. Enti momma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛkɔ so wɔ oduruyɛfo yi nsrahwɛ mu, ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ kwan.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a obi rekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Nea edi kan no, oduruyɛfo anaa ɔyarehwɛfo no bɛsusuw wo ba no mu duru, ne tenten, ne ne ti ntwemu . Wɔbɛkyerɛw saa susudua yi wɔ nhyehyɛe titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘nkɔso nhyehyɛe’ so. Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔbɛfa so ahwɛ sɛ wo ba no renyin yiye anaa.

Afei, wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ketewa bi (`(Screening Test)`) de aboa ma wɔahu nkɔso a ebetumi akyɛ anaa tebea horow te sɛ `(Autism)` ntɛm. Sɛ wohu eyi ntɛm a, wobetumi ama akokoaa no mmoa a wohia no ntɛm.

Afei oduruyɛfo no bebisa wo nsɛm bi, aka wo haw ahorow ho asɛm, na wama wo afotu wɔ sɛnea wo ba kumaa no te nnansa yi ho. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛno fa ho, ɛnte saa?

Ɛfa aduan ne anonne ho

Wo ba ketewa no bedi nnuan atitiriw 3 ne nnuan a ahoɔden wom 2-3 da biara. Wɔ saa mfe yi mu, kyerɛ sɛ, afe biako akyi no, mmofra nkumaa nyin brɛ ase kakra, enti ebia wɔn aduan ho akɔnnɔ nso so bɛtew. Mma ɛnyɛ wo nwonwa. Ebia mprempren wobetumi anom nsa afi kuruwa mu na wɔadi afi nsenia mu, nanso ebia wɔda so ara pɛ sɛ wɔde nsa didi (nsateaa a wɔde ma) .

Ɛfa sɛnea wɔtow nsu na wɔtow gu ho

Hwɛ sɛ wo ba no mpaboa ayow akyɛ sen sɛnea wotaa yɛ no anaa. Nanso, mmofra a wɔretu mmirika dodow no ara ntete wɔn tiafi koraa kosi sɛ wobenyin kakra, mpɛn pii no wɔadi fi mfe 2 kosi 3. Sɛ wo ba no ho ayɛ no yaw, ne ho ayɛ no yaw, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den ma no sɛ ɔbɛfa nsu mu a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Ɛfa nna ho

Mpɛn pii no, mmofra a wɔretu mmirika a wɔadi mfe yi hia bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew 12-14 da da biara, a nna ka ho. Edu asram 18 no, mmofra a wɔretu mmirika dodow no ara agyae anɔpa nna .

Ɛfa abofra no nkɔso ho (nkɔso mu nsɛntitiriw) .

Edu asram 18 no, na ɛsɛ sɛ mmofra a wɔretu mmirika dodow no ara fi ase yɛ nneɛma yi:

• Sɛ nsɛmfua "mama" ne "papa" da nkyɛn a, wɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛka nsɛmfua 3 anaa nea ɛboro saa .
• Ɔte ahyɛde a ɛnyɛ den ase na odi akyi (anammɔn 1 akwankyerɛ) a ɔnyɛ nsaanodwuma biara (e.g., "Fa bɔɔl no").
• Sɛ wohu biribi a ɛyɛ nwonwa paa a, wɔde wɔn nsateaa kyerɛ wo.
• Ɛboa ma wosiesie wɔn ho; sɛ nhwɛso no, nsa a wɔde teɛ mu anaa nan a wɔma so.
• Bere a woreyɛ sukuu dwumadi wɔ fie no.Wo a wosuasua wo.
• Mmɔden a wɔbɔ sɛ wɔde nsenia bedi.
• Fa krayon kyerɛw kɛkɛ.
• Ɔde agode di agoru wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den so; sɛ nhwɛso no, kar a wɔpia.
• Sɛ obi nkutoo nantew a obiara mmoa.
• Ɔtra akongua anaa sofa so na osi fam a onni mmoa.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wo ba no ntumi nhyia nkɔso mu nsɛntitiriw yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa , anaasɛ wahwere ahokokwaw a na otumi yɛ no a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Oduruyɛfo no beyi wo ba no ntade wɔ w'anim na wayɛ no mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ . Nea ɛka eyi ho ne aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu, sẽ mu nhwehwɛmu, koma ne ahurututu a wubetie, ne w’adwene a wobɛma ahwɛ sɛnea wo ba no tumi yɛ adwuma ne ne nneyɛe.

Ɛho hia sɛ wonya wo vaccines no wɔ bere ano wɔ saa bere yi mu. Vaccines bɔ mmofra nkumaa ho ban fi nyarewa a emu yɛ den ho, enti ɛho hia sɛ wonya wɔn wɔ bere ano. Nanso, nhyehyɛe a wɔde ma wɔ nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban ho no betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ oduruyɛfo adwumayɛbea biara mu. Enti wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea wobɛhwɛ kwan.

Sɛ ɛho hia a, oduruyɛfo no betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu nso mfa nhwɛ sɛ kɔbere dodow anaa mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu .

Ma saa nneɛma yi ntra w’adwenem kosi sɛ wo ba no bedi mfe 2.

Okay, afei ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ ho bio kosi sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ wo ba ketewa no bio, kyerɛ sɛ, wɔbɛhwɛ no mfe 2.

Hwɛ yiye wɔ aduan ne anonne ho.

• Ma wo ba no nufusu a ɛyɛ pɛ kosi sɛ obedi mfe 2. (Mma nufusu a srade nnim anaasɛ ɛnyɛ den gye sɛ wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ ɛnte saa.)
• Sɛ wode nufusu ne nnuaba nsu 100% rema a, fa fi kuruwa mu ma. Mfa nnuaba nsu a ɛboro ounces 4 (bɛyɛ 120 ml) mma da biara. Kwati sɛ wobɛma anonne a asikre wom (te sɛ soda).
• Kwati sɛ wode nnuan a asikre , nkyene, ngo pii wom, na ahoɔdennuru nnim pii bɛma .
• Kɔ so de nnuan ahorow a ahoɔden wom ma . Fa nnuan a dade wom te sɛ bankye, nam, mpataa, nhabannuru, ne nnuaba ma.
• Ma akokoaa no nsi nea ɛsɛ sɛ odi, dodow a obedi, ne bere a obedi ho gyinae.
• Asiane ahorow a ɛma obi menewa, te sɛ hot dog, bobe a wɔayam, nhabannuru a wɔannoa, nnuaba, nnuaba a ɛyɛ den , anaa ahwiesaKwati sɛ wode bɛma. Sɛ wubetumi atwitwa no nketenkete na woanoa no yiye a, eye.

Momma yɛnboa abofra ketewa no ma onsua ade.

• Mmofra nkumaa sua ade yiye bere a wɔne afoforo bom yɛ adwuma na wɔhwehwɛ nneɛma a atwa wɔn ho ahyia mu no . Fa bere si hɔ da biara da a wode bɛkasa, akenkan nhoma, ato nnwom, na wo ne wo ba ketewa no adi agoru.
• To wo ba no screen bere ano - hye se, bere a wode di dwuma ne TV, kɔmputa, fon, tablɛt - a ennu dɔnhwerew biako da biara. Paw dwumadi ahorow a eye na ɛyɛ papa a wo ne wo ba bɛbom ahwɛ. Video so nkɔmmɔbɔ nyɛ hwee, efisɛ ɛma wotumi hu abusuafo a wɔwɔ akyirikyiri.
• Yɛ beae a ahobammɔ wɔ a wodi agoru. Afei nso, ma wo ba no bere pii mfa nhwehwɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu na onni agoru denneennen.

Momma yensusuw da biara da hwɛ ne ahobammɔ nso ho.

• Hwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ba kumaa no ayɛ krado sɛ obefi ase atete nkuku . Sɛ nhwɛso no, tiafi ho anigye a wobɛkyerɛ, bere tenten a obegye de ayow ne mpaboa, ne pantan a ɔtwe kɔ soro ne fam, ne nea ɛkeka ho Fa nkongua ketewa bi a wɔde nkuku gu mu bra na fa wo ba no ka wo ho bere a worekɔ aguaree no.
• Fa brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne aduru a wɔde sew sẽ a ne kɛse te sɛ aburow brush wo ba no sẽ . Sɛ wunnya nyɛɛ saa dedaw a, yɛ nhyehyɛe ne wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nkɔhwɛ. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛboa ma wo sẽ aporɔw no, wo duruyɛfo anaa wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo betumi de fluoride varnish apete wo ba no sẽ so mpɛn 2-4 afe biara.
• Mmofra nkumaa a wɔadi mfe yi rehwehwɛ ahofadi na wɔresɔ anohyeto ahorow a wode asi hɔ no ahwɛ. Enti ɛho hia sɛ wode mmara ahorow bi a ɛfata na ɛkɔ so daa sisi hɔ.
• Abufuw abu so kɛse wɔ saa mfe yi mu. Ebetumi ayɛ den titiriw bere a ɔkɔm de wɔn anaa wɔabrɛ no. Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wubegyae saa nneɛma yi ansa na asi – dannan wo ba no adwene anaa yi fi nneɛma a ɛtwetwe adwene no so.
• Mmɔ wo ba no akuturuku. Mmofra nkumaa nte abusuabɔ a ɛda ɔhwe ne subammɔne a worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubesiesie no ntam ase. Wubetumi de ``Time-out'' tiawa bi adi dwuma de ateɛteɛ wo ba no.
• Fa nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ komm si hɔ ansa na woada . Sɛ ɔsɔre anadwo na ontumi nna bio a, ma no awerɛhyem sɛ wowɔ hɔ, nanso ma nkɔmmɔbɔ no nyɛ tiawa koraa.
• Fa wo ba no to kar mu nkongua a ɛhwɛ akyi wɔ kar no akyi nkongua so kosi sɛ obedu ne mu duru anaa ne sorokɔ a ɛsen biara a nea ɔyɛ kar nkongua no kamfo kyerɛ no ho.
• Fa SPF 30 gu wo ba no honam ani anyɛ yiye koraa no simma 15 ansa na woakɔ abɔnten akɔdi agoru.Fa aduru a wɔde siw owia ano a SPF yɛ 30 anaa nea ɛboro saa gu so. San fa gu so nnɔnhwerew 2 biara.
• Bɔ wo ba ho ban fi wusiw a wɔde di dwuma ho. Ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare ne ahurututu mu yare no yɛ kɛse. Nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a efi e-sigaret mu nso yɛ nea epira.
• Ma wo fie nyɛ beae a ahobammɔ wɔ ma wo ba ketewa a ɔpɛ sɛ ohu nneɛma pii a ɔpɛ sɛ ɔde ne nsa ka biribiara no:
• Kɔ so yɛ asiane ahorow a ɛma obi menewa; nhama a wɔde hyɛ mu; nneɛma a ɛyɛ hyew, ɛyɛ nnam, na ɛyɛ mmerɛw; ne nneɛma a awuduru wom (nnuru, nnuru a wɔde yɛ fie, ne nea ɛkeka ho) a akokoaa no ntumi nkɔ.
• Fa telefon nɔma a wɔde ma ntɛmpɛ sie wo nsam. Kyerɛw Ɔman Awuduru Ho Asoɛe no nɔma (0112686143) .
• Fa ahobammɔ apon di dwuma . Hwɛ wo ba no so wɔ antweri so.
• Nea ɛbɛyɛ na nsu ankɔ nsu mu no, to aguaree apon mu, to tiafi nkongua no ano, na hwɛ wo ba no so bere nyinaa wɔ baabiara a nsu wɔ (bere a ɔreguare mpo).
• Nea ɛbɛyɛ na woabɔ wo ba no ho ban afi atuo a obepira ho no, mfa tuo nsie fie hɔ. Sɛ woyɛ saa a, fa to mu, na atuo biara nni mu. Fa atuo no toto mu wɔ ɔkwan soronko so. Fa nsafe no sie baabi a mmofra nkumaa ntumi nkɔ hɔ.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti akokoaa a wadi asram 18 yi nsrahwɛ a ɔbɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn no ho hia ankasa. Ɛma wo ne wo duruyɛfo hu wo ba no akwahosan, ne nyin, ne ne nyin ho mfonini pefee . Kae sɛ saa mfe yi yɛ bere a mmofra nkumaa resua nneɛma foforo ntɛmntɛm na wɔpɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ nneɛma a atwa wɔn ho ahyia mu. Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ yɛma tebea a ahobammɔ wom na ɔdɔ wom ma wɔn, ma wɔn aduan a ahoɔden wom, wo ne wɔn di agoru, na wo ne wɔn kasa .

Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ anaa nsɛmmisa bi a, nsuro da sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛka w’adwene akyerɛ wɔn.

Enkosi sɛ wo ba kumaa no bɛhwɛ no bio, a ɛyɛ mfe 2 nhwehwɛmu no, hyɛ nneɛma a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no nsow. Yɛma wo ne wo ba kumaa no yiye ma daakye a ɛyɛ anigye!

` Mmofra nkɔso, asram 18 nhwehwɛmu, mmofra akwahosan, nkɔso mu nsɛntitiriw, nnuru a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban, aduan pa, mmofra ahobammɔ, (Asram 18 Well-Child Visit)