Ɛna a obi bɛyɛ no yɛ osuahu a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye na asɛyɛde wom wɔ asetra mu, ɛnte saa? Enti, wɔ saa bere a ɛsom bo yi mu no, ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wo ne akokoaa ketewa a ɔrenyin wɔ w’awotwaa mu no nyinaa benya apɔwmuden ne anigye. Ayaresa a wonya wɔ nyinsɛn mu, anaasɛ ‘Prenatal Care’ kɛkɛ no boa kɛse. Enti, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka nneɛma bi a ɛho hia a ɛsɛ sɛ wohu ho asɛm.
Dɛn nti na ɔhwɛ a wɔhwɛ ansa na wɔawo no ho hia saa?
Fa no sɛ, sɛ asɔremma foforo reba w’asetra mu a, wopɛ sɛ woyɛ biribiara yiye.
Ɔhwɛ ansa na wɔawo ne akwahosan ho nhyehyɛe a wonya fi bere a wunyinsɛn kosi sɛ wɔbɛwo akokoaa no. Ɛte sɛ nea wodua afifide bi na wogugu so nsu na wode aduannuru gu so kosi sɛ ebenyin. Ɛdenam ayaresa a wobɛkɔ yi
ntɛm ara ne daa so no , wubenya nkɔso kɛse wɔ wo ne wo ba no a wobɛkɔ so anya apɔwmuden no mu. Efisɛ, sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ a, nnuruyɛfo no betumi
ahu ntɛm na wɔafi ayaresa a ɛho hia ase . Ɛtɔ da bi a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfoɔ afotuo ansa na woanyinsɛn mpo. Afei wubetumi afi w’akwantu foforo no ase wɔ apɔwmuden mu.
Kae: Aduruyɛ mu afotu a wobɛhwehwɛ ntɛm na woakɔ so ayɛ no ne ade a edi kan a ɛbɛma woawo apɔwmuden!
Mɛyɛ dɛn anya saa nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde hwɛ mmofra ansa na wɔawo yi?
Afei ebia worebisa wo ho sɛ, "Hena na obetumi aboa me saa bere yi?" Mpɛn pii no, ɛna a ɔrenyinsɛn a ahoɔden wom, a ɛnyɛ den betumi anya nnwuma afi:
- Awo ho animdefo : Saa nnuruyɛfo yi ne wɔn a wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ nyinsɛn ne awo mu .
- Awo/Mmea Ho Nnuruyɛfo (OB/GYNs): Eyinom yɛ nnuruyɛfo a wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ nyinsɛn, awo, ne mmea akwahosan ho . Mpɛn pii no, saa abien yi yɛ ade koro.
- Abusua Nnuruyɛfo: Abusua nnuruyɛfo binom nso de wɔn a wɔhwɛ wɔn ansa na wɔawo ne awo ho adwuma ma. Wubetumi abisa w’abusua oduruyɛfo no eyi ho asɛm.
- Awogyefo: Ɔsom yi ho hia paa wɔ yɛn man yi mu. Awogyefo boa wo kɛse wɔ nyinsɛn, awo ne akokoaa no awo akyi, titiriw wɔ nyinsɛn a nsɛnnennen kakraa bi na ɛwɔ mu no mu. Wɔ aman bi so no, wɔn a wɔwɔ ntetee ahorow a ɛsono emu biara wɔ hɔ, te sɛ `(Certified Nurse-Midwives)`.
Nanso afei, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wo
Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔde adwene titiriw si so. Sɛ saa a, wo duruyɛfo de wo bɛkɔ Maternal-Fetal Medicine (MFM) ho ɔbenfo anaa Perinatologist nkyɛn . Eyinom ne nsɛm a ɛte saa:- Sɛ wowɔ yare bi a enni sabea te sɛ asikreyare anaa komayare a .
- Sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛwo akokoaa no ansa na da a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔwo (awo a ɛba ansa na bere aso) no yɛ kɛse a.
- Sɛ woadi boro mfe 35 a.
- Sɛ wowɔ nkokoaa bɛboro biako wɔ wo yafunu mu (te sɛ mmanoma).
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛnnennen foforo biara a ebetumi de wo akɔto asiane kɛse mu a.
Dɛn ne ayaresa a wɔtaa yɛ ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ nyinsɛn mu?
Sɛ wuhu sɛ woanyinsɛn ara pɛ a, ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nhyehyɛe ma wo nsrahwɛ a edi kan ansa na woawo. Eyi taa yɛ adapɛn 6 kosi 8 wɔ wo nyinsɛn no mu , anaasɛ bere a wo nna aka akyi adapɛn 2 kosi 4 no. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wobetumi ayɛ nhyehyɛe a edi kan no wɔ adapɛn 8 akyi sɛ ɔhaw biara nni hɔ ansa na saa bere no adu a. Sɛ wowɔ apɔwmuden na wunni asiane titiriw biara a, mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn no te sɛ nea edidi so yi:- Adapɛn 4 biara kosi nyinsɛn no dapɛn a ɛto so 28 .
- Afei, adapɛn 2 biara kosi dapɛn 36 .
- Ɛno akyi no, pɛnkoro dapɛn biara kosi sɛ wɔbɛwo akokoaa no .
Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔ nsrahwɛ biara mu no, wɔbɛkyerɛw wo mu duru ne wo mogya mmoroso . Afei nso, efi bɛyɛ dapɛn 22 no, wɔbɛsusuw wo awotwaa no kɛse ne ne nsusuwii de ahwɛ sɛ ebia wo ba no renyin na ɔrenyin yiye anaa. Wɔ nsrahwɛ ahorow bi mu no, wobegye nsu bi afi wo nsam na wɔasɔ glucose ne protein ahwɛ. Eyinom yɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛho hia yiye. Dɛn ne nhwehwɛmu titiriw a wɔyɛ wɔ nyinsɛn mu (Prenatal Tests)?
Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ ansa na wɔawo no betumi aboa nnuruyɛfo ma wɔahu sɛ ebia akokoaa no wɔ awo mu dɛmdi anaa nkwaboaa mu ɔhaw bi anaa . Wotumi hu tebea horow a ɛna no wɔ a ebetumi aka akokoaa no nso, te sɛ nyinsɛn mu asikreyare, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, anaa ɔyare mmoawa. Wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi wɔ nyinsɛn no fã a edi kan, nea ɛto so abien, ne abiɛsa mu . Sɔhwɛ ahorow bi kyerɛ sɛ ɔhaw bi betumi aba nkutoo (Screening Tests) . Sɔhwɛ afoforo betumi akyerɛ wo nokwarem (Diagnostic Tests) .Sɛ́ ebia ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ anaasɛ ɛnte saa. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔ Screening Test akyi no, wɔyɛ Diagnostic Test nso. Eyi ka mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, `(Amniocentesis)`, `(CVS - Chorionic Villus Sampling)` ne `(Ultrasound)` scans ho. Wɔyɛ eyinom nyinaa sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wo ne wo ba no benya ahobammɔ. Dɛn ne akwahosan ho haw ahorow a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi aba bere a wɔyem no?
Ebia ɛnanom binom bɛhaw kakra wɔ tebea horow a na ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw te sɛ asikreyare ho, na wosusuw sɛ, "So eyi bɛka me ba?" Sɛ wowɔ bi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa. Ebia obetumi asesa wo nnuru anaa wama wo afotu a ɛbɛma wo dadwen ano abrɛ ase. Tebea foforo bi nso wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aba wɔ nyinsɛn mu. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:- Preeclampsia: Wɔsan frɛ no `(Toxemia of Pregnancy). Eyi ne bere a wo mogya mmoroso kɔ soro , wɔ nyinsɛn no fã a ɛto so abien mu anaasɛ akokoaa no awo akyi bere tiaa bi. Saa tebea yi betumi de ɔhaw aba asaabo (protein a ɛwɔ nsu mu), mmerɛbo, aniwa, ne ahurututu mu. Ebia nnipa binom benya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, bere a afoforo nso rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa. Sɛ ɛka amemene no a, akisikuru anaasɛ adwenemhaw betumi aba. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ eclampsia. Ɛtɔ da bi a `(Eclampsia )` tumi nya mpo a `(Preeclampsia)` sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni mu. Sɛ wɔansa eyi yiye a, ebetumi de ɛna ne akokoaa nyinaa nkwa ato asiane mu, nanso eyi ho yɛ na koraa.
- Ɛna a onni Rh ne awotwaa a ɔwɔ Rh (Rh Incompatibility): Nnipa dodow no ara wɔ Rh factor wɔ wɔn mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mu (wɔyɛ Rh positive). Nnipa a wonni bi no yɛ Rh negative. Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den betumi akyerɛ wo nea wo Rh factor yɛ. Fa no sɛ wowɔ Rh negative, nanso wo ba no wɔ Rh positive. Afei, sɛ akokoaa no mogya mu nkwammoaa hyɛn wo mogya mu a, ɔhaw ahorow betumi asɔre. Wo nipadua no fi ase yɛ nnuru a ɛko tia akokoaa no mogya mu nkwammoaa. Saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi betumi akɔ akokoaa no mogya mu na asɛe ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no.
Ɛwom sɛ tebea horow yi yɛ aniberesɛm de, nanso wotumi di ho dwuma . Enti ɛho hia sɛ wuhu wɔn na wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa. Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobedi aduan ne mu duru a ɛkɔ soro bere a wɔyem no so?
Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛma wo mu duru ayɛ kɛse bere a wonyinsɛn no, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so.- Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛsɛ sɛ ɛna a ne mu duru yɛ pɛ a ɔrehwɛ akokoaa biako kwan no mu duru yɛ nkaribo 25-35 (bɛyɛ kilogram 11-16) wɔ nyinsɛn mu.
- Sɛ woyɛ ɛna a na wo mu duru boro so bere a na wonyinsɛn a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo mu duru yɛ nkaribo 15-25 (bɛyɛ kilogram 7-11) pɛ .
- Sɛ wo mu duru sua a, ɛho behia sɛ wo mu duru bɛyɛ nkaribo 28-40 (bɛyɛ kilogram 13-18) .
- Sɛ wowo nkokoaa bɛboro biako (te sɛ mmanoma) a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo mu duru yɛ kɛse.
Ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wubedi wo mu duru so wɔ nyinsɛn no fã a etwa to no mu. Enti, mma wo mu duru nkɔ soro prɛko pɛ wɔ asram kakraa a edi kan no mu . Nanso, sɛ wo mu duru ankɔ soro sɛnea ɛsɛ a, ɔhaw ahorow betumi asɔre ; te sɛ onyin a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye anaasɛ awo a ɛba ntɛm. Nyinsɛn nyɛ bere pa a ɛsɛ sɛ wudi aduan, nanso ɛyɛ bere pa a ɛsɛ sɛ wugye adidi pa tom!
Nnuruyɛfo ka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ ɛna a ɔwɔ akokoaa biako di calories 300-400 foforo da biara wɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a ɛto so abien no mu . Wohia pii kakra wɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a ɛto so abiɛsa no mu . Ɛsɛ sɛ calories a ɛboro so yi mu dodow no ara fi protein mu . Ɛsɛ sɛ wudi nnuaba, aburow, ne nhabannuru a wɔayɛ no foforo pii nso . Ebia aduan pa ne nufusu a srade nnim kuruwa biako, sandwich fã, anaa yogurt kuruwa a wɔde walnut kakraa bi ne nnuaba bi ka ho. Ebia nnipa binom, te sɛ ɛnanom nkumaa anaa ɛnanom a wɔwɔ mmanoma, behia calories pii. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw vitamin bi a wɔde ma ansa na woawo . Eyi bɛboa ma woahwɛ ahu sɛ wubenya iron, calcium, ne folic acid a ɛdɔɔso . Afei nso, eye paa sɛ wobɛyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa a ɛnyɛ den pii wɔ saa bere yi mu. Dɛn bio na ɛsɛ sɛ mihu?
Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wo ne wo ba no nyinaa ayɛ yiye no, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ wo ho yiye paa wɔ nyinsɛn mu. Hwɛ hu sɛ wubedi nneɛma atitiriw yi akyi:- Mma nnom sigaret, nnom nsa, anaa nnubɔne da.
- Nya ahomegye a ɛdɔɔso.
- Di aduan a ahoɔden wom.
Afei nso, ɛho hia paa sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ na yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ wɔ saa nneɛma yi ho:- Aduruyɛ mu Ahobammɔ
- Aduan mu Ahobammɔ
- Nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ Ahobammɔ
Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nsusuw eyinom nyinaa ho na di wɔn afotu akyi. Ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa
Wɔ saa bere a nsakrae ba wo nipadua mu yi mu no, nneɛma bi betumi ayɛ foforo ama wo. Enti, ebetumi ayɛ den kakra sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛka biribiara ho asɛm. Ebia woresusuw ho sɛ, "So metumi ada wɔ saa bere yi mu?", "Dɛn na metumi ayɛ wɔ akisikuru anaa akisikuru ho?", anaasɛ ebia woresuro sɛ wobɛwo akokoaa. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ wo aniwu sɛ wubebisa nsɛm yi. Nanso nsusuw saa. Ebia wo duruyɛfo abisa nsɛm yi nyinaa pɛn.Enti, kyerɛw wo nsɛmmisa no gu krataa so na bisa no bere biara a wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ɛbɛboa wo paa. Afei nso, sɛ biribi te sɛ eyi si a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara:- Sɛ mogya tu kɛse a .
- Nsu a ɛyera mpofirim .
- Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ba no kankyee so atew kɛse a.
- Sɛ wo awotwaa mu twetwe bɛboro mprɛnsa wɔ dɔnhwerew biako mu a.
Eyinom yɛ nneɛma a egye ntɛmpɛ, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ eyi nso ho. Awiei koraa no, kae eyi (Take-Home Message) .
Sɛ worebɛyɛ ɛna a, ɛnde ɔhwɛ a wɔde ma ansa na wɔawo no ho hia yiye na ama akwantu yi ayɛ nea ɛyɛ nwonwa. Kɔ so kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn, di wɔn akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ, na wo ne wɔn nka nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo ho asɛm. Afei wubetumi ama wo ba kumaa no akwaaba aba wiase yi mu sɛ ɛna a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden na ɔwɔ anigye. Mepɛ sɛ monya anigyeɛ! Nyinsɛn Hwɛ, Awo Ansa na Wɔhwɛ, Aduruyɛ mu Afotuo Bere a Nyinsɛn, Nyinsɛn Hwɛ, Nyinsɛn Sɔhwɛ, Nyinsɛn a Ɛwɔ Akwahosan, Awo
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