So wo ba no rehu amane wɔ akisikuru ho? Momma yɛnka saa ‘Allergen Immunotherapy’ nnuru yi ho asɛm!

So wo ba ketewa no taa nya akisikuru? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔfefe, wɔn ho yɛ wɔn yaw, na ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhome, ɛnte saa? Enti ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka ‘allergy shots’ a ebetumi aboa ma wɔayi saa allergy haw ahorow yi afi hɔ ho asɛm. Mma ɛnhaw wo, eyi yɛ ayaresa a ɛde ahotɔ abrɛ nnipa pii.

Dɛn ne Allergy Shots?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, saa ‘allergy shots’ yi yɛ aduru a wɔde sa akisikuru ahorow bi. Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ ‘allergen immunotherapy’. Eyi betumi aboa titiriw sɛ wo ba no ho yɛ no hyew wɔ nneɛma te sɛ:

• Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia: Susuw pollen, nsunsu, anaa mfutuma mu nwansena ho. Eyinom betumi apira mmofra binom kɛse bere a wɔne wɔn di nkitaho no.
• Pet dander: Mmofra binom nya akisikuru wɔ wɔn nipadua nyinaa so na sɛ wɔde wɔn nsa ka ɔkraman anaa ɔkraman a, wofi ase fefe . Ɛno na ɛba saa.
• Nkoekoemmoa keka wo: Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ aboa bi te sɛ nwansena, ɔkraman, anaa ntɛtea ka wo a, wubetumi anya biribi a ɛbɛma wo honam ani ahonhon kɛse na ayɛ den sɛ wobɛhome.

Nanso ade biako ho hia yiye – saa ``allergy shots`` yi ntaa mmoa wɔ aduan a allergy ho. Ɛne sɛ, wɔnyɛ adwuma mma akisikuru a ɛba bere a wɔanom nufusu anaasɛ wɔadi atoko akyi no. Ayaresa ahorow wɔ hɔ a ɛsono emu biara ma wɔn.

Dɛn nti na wɔde nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru yi di dwuma?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea enti a wɔde saa `allergy shots` yi ma. Allergy yɛ bere a biribi a ɛwɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu (e.g. mfutuma ketewaa bi, pollen) a ɛnyɛ nea epira yɛn nipadua no hyɛn yɛn nipadua mu, na yɛn nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ ade dodo mpofirim. Ɛte sɛ nea woreyɛ basabasa kɛse wɔ ade ketewaa bi ho.

Yɛfrɛ nneɛma a ɛde akisikuru ba wɔ saa kwan yi so ``Allergens.'' Nneɛma pii betumi ayɛ ``Allergens'', te sɛ mfutuma, mpataa nhoma, pollen, nkoekoemmoa binom, ne nnuan bi.

Sɛ biribi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw hyɛn nipadua no mu a, nipadua no ma nnuru fi nipadua no mu. Wɔn mu biako ne histamine . Sɛ saa histamine yi ne nnuru afoforo fi adi a, sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ ahurututu, ahurututu, ɔfe, hwene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛyaw, ne akisikuru da adi. Nneɛma bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew betumi ayɛ kɛse , enti ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ ho. Tebea horow a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu te sɛ anaphylaxis nso betumi aba.

Nokwarem no, ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so asiw akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne ano anaasɛ wobedi so ne sɛ wobɛtwe wo ho afi saa nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw no ho sɛnea wubetumi biara.Nanso ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛyɛ saa bere nyinaa. Allergists, nnuruyɛfo a wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ allergies ho, betumi aboa wo ma woahu sɛ ebia wo ba no wɔ allergies ne nea ne ho yɛ no den. Wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi te sɛ honam ani nhwehwɛmu ne mogya mu nhwehwɛmu. Wobetumi agyina nea afi saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow no mu aba so ama wo afotu wɔ ayaresa, nnuru (te sɛ nnuru a ekum akisikuru), ne sɛnea wobɛtwe wo ho afi saa nneɛma a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew no ho.

Enti, sɛ ayaresa ne nnuru a wokae no mma ahotɔ kɛse, anaasɛ sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛtwe wo ho afi nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew ho a, ɛnde oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru betumi aka ayaresa yi a wɔfrɛ no allergy shots yi ho asɛm akyerɛ wo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru boa?

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea saa `allergy shots` yi yɛ adwuma. Nea eyi yɛ ne sɛ, abofra no nipadua no de nkakrankakra sua `(Allergens)` pɔtee a ne ho yɛ no den no. Afei, nipadua no nhaw ne ho kɛse wɔ saa `(Allergens)` no ho sɛnea na ɛte kan no. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, nipadua no kyekye `(Immunity`)` tia saa `(Allergen`). Ɛne sɛ, nipadua no bɛyɛ nea ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse wɔ saa `(Allergen`) no ho.

Ade foforo ne sɛ, wɔ mmofra a wɔn ho yɛ wɔn hyew ne ayamtu fam no, saa nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru yi nso betumi atew mpɛn dodow a ayamtu a ɛyɛ hyew no so. So ɛno nyɛ ade kɛse? Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den a wɔbɛtew so no yɛ ahotɔ kɛse ma abofra no.

Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw a ɛde ɔhaw ahorow reba wo ba no mu kakraa bi pɛ na wɔatew ho wɔ nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru yi mu. Nnuruyɛfo bɛma dodow no akɔ soro nkakrankakra wɔ asram 3-6 a edi kan no mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ build-up phase. Saa bere yi mu no, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no betumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ saa nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw yi mu dwoodwoo na ama nipadua no tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ kɛse. Saa bere yi mu no, ebia ebehia sɛ wofa tuo no pɛnkoro anaa mprenu dapɛn biara.

Ɛno akyi no, dodow a ɛkorɔn, etu mpɔn, na ahobammɔ wom a wobetumi de ama abofra ne wɔn ``maintenance dose.'' Wɔtaa de eyi ma bɛyɛ pɛnkoro ɔsram biara. Nnuruyɛfo de saa ``maintenance dose'' yi ma mmofra kosi sɛ wobedi bɛyɛ mfe 3 kosi 5. Nanso, bere kɔ so no, mmofra dodow no ara tumi tew atuo dodow a wɔtow no so.

Mmofra binom akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne fi ase tu mpɔn wɔ ``Buildup Phase.'' Wɔte ahotɔ nka ntɛm ara. Afoforo nso nte ahotɔ kɛse nka kosi sɛ wobedu ``Maintenance Phase.'' Eyi betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ abofra biara mu. Nanso, bere a wɔde mfe pii ama mmofra binom ``nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru'' yi akyi no, ebia wobenya ahotɔ bere tenten afi wɔn akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu . Saa ahotɔ yi betumi akɔ so bere a wɔagyae ayaresa no mpo akyi.

So nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru yi yɛ nea asiane biara nni ho ankasa?

Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a awofo pii wɔ. Sɛ akwahosan ho ɔbenfo a wɔatete no de nnuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew ma no yiye a, ɛyɛ ayaresa a ahobammɔ wom yiye na etu mpɔn.Wobetumi de eyinom ama mmofra a wɔadi mfe 5 mpo.

Nanso, adeyɛ ketewaa bi betumi aba wɔ baabi a wɔde aduru no guu no. Eyi betumi aba bere a wɔde aduru no ahyɛ no akyi pɛɛ anaa nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi akyi. Beae a wɔde aduru no guu no no betumi ayɛ kɔkɔɔ kakra, ayɛ no yaw, na ɛho ahonhon. Sɛ eyi ba a, wubetumi anya ahotɔ denam nsukyenee a wode bɛhyɛ wo ho anaasɛ wobɛnom aduru a ekum histamine sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ no so .

Kakraa bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ akisikuru ne nipadua no nyinaa a ɛyɛ yaw no ntaa mma. Nneyɛe a anibere wom kɛse – susuw sɛ akisikuru, ahome a ɛyɛ den, menewa a ɛho ahonhon, akisikuru, adwenemhaw – ntaa mma. Nanso sɛ biribi a emu yɛ den ba a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsa no ntɛm ara. Ɛno nti na wɔde mmofra a wɔde nnuru a ɛma wɔn ho yɛ wɔn hyew no gu oduruyɛfo adwumayɛbea bɛyɛ simma 30 wɔ aduru a wɔde twitwiw wɔn akyi no. Efisɛ sɛ biribi a ɛte saa si a, ebetumi afi ase adi dwuma ntɛm.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ obi yɛ n’ade denneennen a, ɛyɛ nea egye ntɛmpɛ. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wonya oduruyɛfo a ɔbɛn wo. Sɛ biribi te sɛ eyi si a, oduruyɛfo no betumi adi so ntɛm denam aduru te sɛ `Adrenaline` a ɔbɛma wo no so.

Afotu foforo kakraa bi wɔ hɔ:

• Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma mmofra nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru bere nyinaa wɔ allergist/immunologist, kyerɛ sɛ, oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ allergy ne immunology mu hwɛ ase nkutoo .
• Sɛ abofra bi yare, titiriw sɛ ɔwɔ ayamtu anaasɛ ɛyɛ den ma no sɛ ɔbɛhome a, ɛnyɛ papa sɛ wobɛma saa nnuru yi kosi sɛ oduruyɛfo no bɛka sɛ, "Ɛyɛ, asiane biara nni ho mprempren." Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo no bɛkasa bere mpo a wɔanya atiridii anaa atiridiinini no.
• Sɛ wo ba nom nnuru foforo biara a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ oduruyɛfo no ansa na woama no nnuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew. Ebia nnuru bi ne saa ayaresa yi bedi nkitaho.

Mma ɛnhaw wo, sɛ wohwɛ saa nneɛma yi so a, eyi yɛ ayaresa a ahobammɔ wom yiye.

Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn anya oduruyɛfo pa a ɔhwɛ akisikuru?

Okay, afei ebia woresusuw sɛnea wobɛhwehwɛ oduruyɛfo titiriw te sɛ eyi ho. Ɛnyɛ den saa.

• Wubetumi abisa w’abusua oduruyɛfo (Primary care doctor anaa GP) sɛ ɔnkamfo oduruyɛfo pa a ɔhwɛ akisikuru nkyerɛ. Mpɛn pii no, wonim wɔn a wɔyɛ nnuruyɛfo atitiriw a wɔsen biara wɔ mpɔtam hɔ.
• Anaasɛ, sɛ wowɔ abusua muni anaa w’adamfo bi a ɔwɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru dedaw a, wubetumi abisa wɔn onii ko a wɔkamfo kyerɛ no. Ɛfata nso sɛ wote obi foforo suahu.
• Wɔ Sri Lanka no, wɔ aban ayaresabea akɛse mu (e.g. Ɔman Ayaresabea, Lady Ridgeway Mmofra Ayaresabea) ne ankorankoro ayaresabea ahorow nsoAyaresabea ahorow ne nnuruyɛfo atitiriw bi wɔ hɔ a wɔsa akisikuru. Wubetumi ahwɛ ɛno nso mu.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu na woapaw oduruyɛfo a wotumi de ho to no so na ɔfata. Sɛ oduruyɛfo no yɛ obi a ɔkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu kyerɛ wo a, wo ho bɛtɔ wo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na awofo betumi aboa? So eyi yɛ yaw ma abofra no?

Ade biako a ɛhaw awofo pii ne sɛ ebia saa aduru yi bɛpira wɔn ba anaa. Nokwarem no, nnade a wɔde yɛ saa ``allergy shots'' yi sua koraa. Wɔyɛ nketewa sen nnade a wɔde yɛ ``vaccinations'' a yɛde ma yɛn mma bere a na wɔyɛ mmofra no, enti ɛyaw no sua koraa. Ɛte sɛ nea akuturuku ketewaa bi, te sɛ nea ntɛtea aka wo.

Nanso, so ɛnyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ mmofra binom bɛte ehu nka kakra bere a wɔte asɛmfua ‘injection’ no? Ɛhɔ na awofo mmoa ne adwempa ho hia yiye. Sɛ awofo wɔ ahotoso na wɔde wɔn ho ma saa ayaresa kwan yi (Immunotherapy) a, ɛyɛ ahoɔden kɛse ma abofra no. Sɛ wosuro a, ebia abofra no besuro kɛse mpo.

Bere a wode aduru no rema no no, wubetumi akura wo ba no nsa denneennen, ato dwom bi a n’ani gye ho, akyerɛ video bi wɔ wo fon so, anaa woayɛ biribi foforo de atwetwe n’adwene. Eyi bɛboa wɔn ma wonsusuw nnuru a wɔde twitwiw wɔn no ho kɛse. Nnuruyɛfo binom nso wɔ agode nketewa a ɛboa ma wɔtwetwe mmofra adwene.

"Sɛ maame ne papa reserew na wonsuro a, ɛma abofra no nya ahotoso kɛse! Ɔte nka sɛ, 'Eyi ye ma me.'"

Sɛ wote mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ saa ``allergy shots'' yi so ne sɛdeɛ ɛyɛ adwuma no ase a, ɛbɛboa kɛseɛ wɔ boa a wobɛboa wo ba no ma wagye atom sɛ ɛyɛ wɔn da biara da dwumadiɛ fã. Susuw ho hwɛ, ''Eyi yɛ ade ketewaa bi, eyi bɛboa me allergy, ɛbɛma ayɛ mmerɛw ama me sɛ mɛbɔ, atu mmirika, na mahuruw,'' na ɛrenyɛ adesoa kɛse mma wɔn.

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi eyi mu?

Okay, enti momma yɛnsan nhwɛ nsɛm a ɛho hia paa a ɛfa saa `allergen immunotherapy' a yɛkaa ho asɛm nnɛ yi ho.

• Nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru yɛ aduru pa ma akisikuru bi a emu yɛ den a ɛkɔ so daa, titiriw nea nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew ne nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe wɔn na ɛde ba no.
• Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wo ba nipadua no nya nneɛma a ɛma ne ho yɛ no yaw no nkakrankakra, na ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa.
• Mpɛn pii no eyi nyɛ adwuma mma aduan ho akisikuru. Akwan ahorow wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so yɛ saa.
• Mpɛn pii no, ayaresa no gye mfe pii (mpɛn pii no 3-5) ansa na aba bere tenten. Ɛyɛ akwantu tenten, nanso nea efi mu ba no betumi ayɛ papa.
• Eyi yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom kɛse bere a wɔyɛ no wɔ oduruyɛfo a wɔatete no hwɛ ase no. ``(Reactions)`` nketenkete betumi aba wɔ baabi a wɔde injection no gu no, nanso nea anibere wom no ho yɛ na koraa.
• Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru, .Ɛsɛ sɛ wofi saa ayaresa yi ase sɛnea n’afotu kyerɛ. Eyi mfata abofra biara, enti ɛyɛ oduruyɛfo no na obesi ho gyinae.
• Mmoa, boasetɔ, ne adwempa a awofo no de ma no yɛ ahoɔden kɛse ma abofra no ma otumi wie ayaresa yi yiye.

"Kae sɛ ɛsono abofra biara. Enti wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa yiye wɔ sɛnea saa ayaresa yi fata wo ba ne sɛnea wɔbɛyɛ no ho."

Enti, sɛ wo ba nso wɔ allergy na ɛsɛ sɛ ɔnom nnuru daa a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa fa ‘allergy shots’ a wobɛpaw ho. Ebia eyi bɛma woanya ahotɔ kɛse!

` Allergy shots, allergen immunotherapy, allergy wɔ mmofra mu, allergens, histamine, allergists, immunity