So wote yaw anaa wo nan ho yɛ wo yaw, titiriw bere a wonam kwan tiaa bi anaa woforo antweri no? So ɛnkɔ bere a atra ase kakra awie no? Nnipa pii susuw sɛ eyi yɛ onyin anaa nkwaa mu yaw fã a ɛfata, nanso ebetumi ayɛ biribi a anibere wom kɛse ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no Peripheral Artery Disease, anaa PAD, a ɛde saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ba no ho asɛm. Eyi yɛ tebea a sɛ wohu ntɛm a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobedi ho dwuma.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)?
Okay, momma yɛmfa no saa kwan yi so. Yɛwɔ mogya ntini ( ntini ) a ɛde mogya kɔ yɛn nipadua akwaa nyinaa, ɛnte saa? Ɛte sɛ nsu ho nhyehyɛe a ɛde nsu kɔ ofie bi mu nyinaa. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) yɛ bere a saa mogya ntini ahorow no, titiriw nea ɛde mogya kɔ anan, asen, ne ɛtɔ mmere bi a abasa no mu no mu teateaa nkakrankakra.
Fa no sɛ bere kɔ so no, nsu afiri a ɛwɔ wo fie no mu yɛ nwunu na efĩ siw mu, na ɛma nsu a efi tap no mu no so tew. Saa ara nso na nneɛma te sɛ srade ne srade boaboa ano wɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu na ɛyɛ ‘plaque’. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi (atherosclerosis) . Saa abonnua yi ma baabi a ɛwɔ mogya ntini no mu no so tew. Afei eyi siw mogya a ɛsen fa wɔn mu no kwan. Saa ɛyaw no fi ase bere a ntini a ɛwɔ nan no mu no nnya mframa pa ne aduannuru a wohia mfi mogya no mu no.
Saa yare yi ka nnipa bɛboro ɔpepem 200 wɔ wiase nyinaa. Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obenya bi no yɛ kɛse bere a obi nyin no. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ yehu eyi.
Dɛn ne PAD ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?
Nnipa pii nkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara mfiase no. Nanso, bere a yare no kɔ so no, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi ada adi. Momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw no.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Nan mu yaw bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ | Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba. Ebia wobɛte ɛyaw, wo ho ayɛ wo den, wobrɛ, anaasɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw wɔ wo nantwi ba, wo asen, anaa wo akyi berɛmo mu bere a wonam anaa woforo antweri no. Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, ɛyaw yi taa fi hɔ wɔ simma 10 akyi bere a wɔagye wɔn ahome no. |
| Ɛyaw a ɛba bere a wɔregye wɔn ahome mpo | Bere a yare no kɔ so no, ebia wobɛte ɛyaw a ɛyɛ hyew wɔ wo nan, wo nan, anaa wo nansoaa mu bere a woada hɔ ara kwa, titiriw anadwo. Ebia ɛyaw no ano bɛbrɛ ase bere a wode wo nan si fam no. Eyi yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a anibere wom kɛse. |
| Akuru a ɛnsa (akuru) a ɛwɔ nan ne nansoaa so | Esiane sɛ anan no mogya ntumi nkɔ yiye nti, nsensanee nketenkete mpo gye bere tenten ansa na ayɛ yiye. Ɛtɔ da bi a, eyinom tumi dan akuru akɛse na wɔanya ɔyare mmoawa. |
| Nsakrae a ɛba honam ani kɔla ne ɔhyew mu | Sɛ mogya ntini bi siw mpofirim koraa a, honam ani hwɛbea a ɛwɔ nan no so no betumi ayɛ kɔkɔɔ, ahabammono, tuntum, anaa mpofirim ara ayɛ fitaa. Nan no nso betumi ate nka sɛ awɔw ayɛ nwini asen nan foforo no. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ “pin ne nnade” te nka . Eyi yɛ tebea a ehia sɛ wɔde wɔn kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara. |
Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ beae a ɛyaw no wɔ no betumi ama woanya baabi a mogya ntini no asiw no ho adwene a ɛyɛ den. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ worete ɛyaw wɔ w’asen, w’asen, anaa w’asen mu a, ɛda adi kɛse sɛ mogya ntini akɛse a ɛwɔ wo yafunu ase anaa wo hwene mu no na asiw no. Sɛ ɛyaw no wɔ wo srɛ mu nkutoo a, ɛda adi sɛ mogya ntini a ɛbɛn wo nkotodwe no mu asiw no .
Wɔ mmarima fam no, saa yare yi betumi ama ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu ayɛ basaa esiane mogya a entumi nkɔ ɔbarima no akyi nti.
Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya PAD?
Ɛwom sɛ obiara betumi anya saa yare yi de, nanso nnipa binom wɔ asiane kɛse mu. Hwɛ sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow yi anaa .
- Wɔ wɔn a wɔnom sigaret fam : Eyi ne asiane titiriw ne nea emu yɛ den sen biaraSigaretnom sɛe mogya ntini no mu afasu a ɛyɛ torotoro no na ɛma mogya tu ntɛmntɛm.
- Wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare fam : Asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya mu nso betumi asɛe mogya ntini. Obi a ɔwɔ asikreyare ne sigaretnom nyinaa betumi anya PAD mmɔho abien kosi anan sen obi a onni tebea abien no mu biara.
- Wɔ wɔn a mogya mmoroso wom no fam: Bere a nhyɛso kɔ soro no, mogya ntini no afasu sɛe na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ mogya tu bɛba.
- Wɔ wɔn a srade anaa triglyceride dɔɔso wom fam no: Dodow a srade dɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu no, dodow no ara na hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛkɔhyɛ mogya ntini no mu sɛ plaque no yɛ kɛse.
- Wɔn a wɔwɔ asaabo mu yare a enni sabea no fam.
- Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya PAD, komayare, anaa ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase a.
Sɛ wɔansa a, dɛn ne nea ebetumi afi mu aba a anibere wom?
Sɛ wubu w’ani gu eyi so, na wususuw sɛ ɛyɛ nan ho haw ara kwa a, ebetumi de ɔhaw kɛse aba.
Biako ne bere a mogya a ɛkɔ nan no mu no gyae koraa na ntini no fi ase wuwu no. Wɔfrɛ eyi gangrene . Sɛ eyi ba a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wotwa nsateaa, nansoaa, anaa nan no fã bi na ama ɔyare mmoawa no antrɛw wɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, nnuruyɛfo reyɛ nea wobetumi biara de asiw eyi ano.
Biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛho hia sen saa mpo. Fa no sɛ, sɛ mogya ntini a ɛwɔ wo nan mu no siw a, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ wo koma ne w’amemene mu no besiw saa ara. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ obi a ɔwɔ PAD no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya komayare anaa akisikuru . Enti, PAD a wobɛsa no nkyerɛ sɛ wobɛgye wo nan nko, na mmom wobɛgye wo nkwa nso.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo no hu yare yi pɛpɛɛpɛ?
Sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obedi kan abisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Afei ɔbɛhwehwɛ wo nan mu. Titiriw no, ɔbɛte wo nan no afã horow a ɛyɛ wo yaw no nka de ahwɛ sɛ nsakrae biara aba wɔ mogya a ɛkɔ mu no mu anaa.
Afei, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de asi yare no so dua:
- Ankle-brachial index (ABI): Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye a ɛnyɛ yaw. Ɛsusuw nhyɛso a ɛwɔ wo basa mu ne nhyɛso a ɛwɔ wo nansoaa mu na ɛde abien no toto ho. Mpɛn pii no, ɛsɛ sɛ nhyɛso a ɛwɔ wo nansoaa mu no kɔ soro kakra sen nhyɛso a ɛwɔ wo nsa so no. Sɛ ɛba fam a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ mogya a ɛkɔ wo nan mu no mu.
- Ntini mu nnyigyei a wɔde yɛ ultrasound:Eyi te sɛ akokoaa bi scan. Etumi hu sɛnea mogya no retu ntɛmntɛm wɔ mogya ntini no mu ne biribiara a esiw kwan no.
- Pulse volume recording (PVR): Eyi kyerɛ mogya dodow a ɛresen kɔ nan no mu.
- CT angiogram / MRA (Magnetic resonance angiogram – MRA): Eyinom tumi twa mogya ntini ho mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri na ɛkyerɛ beae pɔtee a asiw ne baabi a asiw.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa PAD?
Ayaresa no gyina sɛnea wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den so. Wɔ mfiase no, wobetumi de asetra mu nsakrae ne nnuru adi wɔn so yiye.
1. Asetra mu nsakrae
Eyi ne ayaresa fapem.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, titiriw apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔhwɛ so (Structured Exercise Therapy) tu mpɔn yiye. Ɛha yi, wɔama wo nantew wɔ afiri a wɔde tu mmirika so. Sɛ wo nan fi ase yɛ wo yaw a, wugyina kakra, na sɛ ɛyaw no ano brɛ ase a, wosan nantew bio. Eyi kanyan mogya ntini foforo a ɛwɔ wo nan mu no nyin.
- Nnuan a ɛma koma nya ahoɔden: Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wubedi aduan a nhabannuru, nnuaba, nnuaba, ne aburow a wɔayam no pii wom, na ngo ne nkyene nnim.
- Sigaretnom a Wogyae: Mesan ka bio sɛ, ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ama wo ho ne sɛ wubegyae sigaretnom nnɛ sɛ woyɛ saa a. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na ɔmmoa wo wɔ eyi ho.
2. Nnuru (nnuru ahorow) .
Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru ahorow yi ama wo.
- Nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw: Ɛtew mogya a ɛtwetwe no so na ɛma mogya kɔ ntɛmntɛm. (Nhwɛso: Clopidogrel, Aspirin)
- Nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew (Statins): Ɛtew mogya ntini a ɛboaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini mu no so.
- Mogya mmoroso nnuru: Tew mogya ntini a ɛsɛe no so.
- Vasodilators: Nnuru yi boa ma mogya ntini mu trɛw kakra, na ɛma kwan a wubetumi anantew a ɛyaw biara nka ho no yɛ kɛse. (Nhwɛso: Cilostazol)
3. Ɔhwɛ titiriw a wɔde hwɛ nan ho
Ɛho hia paa sɛ obi a ɔwɔ PAD hwɛ ne nan so.
- Hwɛ wo nan mu da biara da sɛ ebia akuru, mpaapaemu, ne kɔla asesa anaa.
- Fa samina hohoro wo nsa da biara na ma ɛyow yiye, mpo wɔ wo nansoaa ntam.
- Mfa mpaboa nnantew da.
- Fa mpaboa ne sɔks a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛfata yiye, ɛyɛ mmerɛw di dwuma.
4. Nneɛma a Wɔyɛ ne Oprehyɛn a Wɔyɛ
Sɛ wontumi mfa nnuru ne asetra mu nsakrae nni yare no so, anaasɛ sɛ yare no mu yɛ den a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wode wo ho to saa ayaresa yi so.
- Angioplasty: Wɔde afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa (catheter) hyɛ mogya ntini a asiw no mu na wɔde afiri bi a ɛte sɛ balloon gu n’awiei de trɛw nea asiw no mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔde afiri ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ ahama a wɔfrɛ no stent hyɛ mu na amma antoto bio.
- Atherectomy: Wɔde catheter na ɛtwetwe mogya ntini a ɛwɔ mogya ntini no mu no.
- Peripheral artery bypass surgery: Te sɛ koma a wɔde twa oprehyɛn no, wɔde mogya ntini bi a woyi fi nipadua no fã foforo anaa ntini bi a wɔayɛ de twa ntini a asiw no ho na ɛyɛ ntini foforo.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn? Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ ETU?
Sɛ wote saa nneɛma yi nka a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn.
- Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no afi ase nkyɛe anaasɛ sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no reyɛ kɛse a.
- Sɛ nantew yɛ den araa ma wuntumi nyɛ nnwuma a ɛfata mpo a.
- Sɛ wo nan yɛ wo yaw mpo sɛ wugyina hɔ ara kwa a.
- Sɛ wowɔ kuru bi wɔ wo nan ho a ɛrensa a.
Tebea horow a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara:
Sɛ wo nan no yɛ mmerɛw mpofirim, entumi nkɔ baabiara, anaasɛ ɛsono ne kɔla (a ɛyɛ fitaa anaa kɔkɔɔ) na ɛyɛ nwini sen nan foforo no a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya no agyae mpofirim. Eyi yɛ asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) ntɛm ara.
PAD yɛ tebea a ɛkɔ so wɔ nkwa nna nyinaa mu. Nanso sɛ wodi ho dwuma yiye a, wubetumi abɔ bra sɛnea ɛsɛ. Ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo di nkitaho daa.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Mma w’ani ngu nan a ɛyɛ yaw so bere a wonam no sɛnea ɛyɛ daa no. Ebetumi ayɛ Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
- PAD nyɛ nan mu yare ara kwa. Ɛyɛ kɔkɔbɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a anibere wom a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya komayare ne akisikuru.
- Sigaretnom ne asikreyare ne nneɛma atitiriw abien a ɛma obi nya saa yare yi. Sɛ wonom sigaret a, gyae nnɛ.
- Wobetumi adi yare no so yiye denam asetra mu nsakrae a wɔbɛyɛ (apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, aduan pa) ne nnuru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no so.
- Hwɛ wo nan so titiriw. Hwɛ wɔn mu da biara da, ma wɔn ho ntew, na hyɛ mpaboa a ɛfata.
- Mmu w’ani ngu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara na woanya afotu. Ebetumi agye wo nan ne wo nkwa.
Peripheral Artery Disease, PAD, nan mu yaw, ti nhwi a ɛtɔ, mogya ntini a esiw, ntini a ɛyɛ den, sigaretnom, asikreyare
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