Esiane sɛ wote sɛ wobɛyɛ ɛna nti, ɛsɛ sɛ wuhyia aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu pii , ɛnte saa? Ebia wosuro kakra na wopɛ sɛ wuhu sɔhwɛ ahorow yi. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ nsɛmmisa te sɛ "So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow yi nyinaa? Dɛn na wɔrehwehwɛ ankasa?" sɛ ɛbɛba w’adwene mu. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔyɛ bere a wɔyem no ho asɛm, tiawa koraa .
Dɛn nti na sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho hia saa?
Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so asusuw nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi ho bere a wonyinsɛn no ne sɛ ɛyɛ awerɛhyem kɛse a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ne wo ba no wɔ apɔwmuden. Mpɛn pii no, nea efi sɔhwɛ ahorow yi mu ba no ka sɛ biribiara rekɔ so yiye. Ahotɔ bɛn ara ni, ɛnte saa?
Nea ɛka ho no, sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ ade foforo a ɛho hia. Ɛne sɛ, wobetumi ahu tebea horow bi a wobetumi asa na wɔasa no ntɛm. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi ahu sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ dade a enni nipadua mu ( mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ) anaa asikreyare a ɛba bere a wonyinsɛn mu anaa . Sɛ wowɔ bi a, wo duruyɛfo betumi afi ayaresa a ɛho hia ase ama wo ansa na ayɛ aniberesɛm.
Nanso, nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wɔhwehwɛ awosu mu haw ahorow, sɛ nhwɛso no , Down syndrome , cystic fibrosis , anaa spina bifida . Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ awofo bɛte dadwen kakra nka bere a wɔte sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho asɛm no.
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae wɔ ha ne sɛ saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu yi ma asiane a ɛwɔ mu no ho akontaabu nkutoo. Wɔnkyerɛ sɛ ebia akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wo ba no benya yare pɔtee bi anaa . Sɛ asiane a ɛkɔ soro sen sɛnea ɛte daa wɔ hɔ a, ɛno nti sɛ ebia ɛho hia sɛ wosan yɛ nhwehwɛmu bio nkutoo na wɔka kyerɛ wo.
Enti, ansa na wubesi nhwehwɛmu ahorow a ɛfata wo ho gyinae no, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyinom nyinaa ho asɛm a wunsiw biribiara kwan . Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛte nea sɔhwɛ no bɛhwehwɛ, sɛnea ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, sɛ ebia asiane ahorow bi wɔ mu, ne anammɔn a wubetumi atu sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ sɛnea wɔhwɛ kwan no ase yiye.
Okay, enti ma yɛnhwɛ sɔhwɛ atitiriw a wubehyia wɔ asram akron yi nyinaa mu.
Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔyɛ wɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a edi kan no mu (asram 1-3) .
Nhwehwɛmu a wɔtaa yɛ wɔ nyinsɛn no mu asram abiɛsa a edi kan no bi ni.
| Sɔhwɛ | Dɛn na wuhu wɔ eyi mu? |
|---|---|
| Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu | Wɔhwɛ wo mogya mu su ne Rh factor, sɛnea nipadua no tumi ko tia rubella (Germanfo akisikuru), iron dodow (hemoglobin), nyarewa te sɛ hepatitis B, syphilis, ne HIV. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔhwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nyarewa a wonya fi awo mu te sɛ thalassemia ne sickle cell anemia nso. |
| Nsuo mu Nhwehwɛmu | Wɔde hCG hormone no hwɛ sɛ ebia asaabo mu nyarewa wɔ hɔ anaa na wɔde si nyinsɛn so dua. Wɔsɔ nsu mu hwɛ sɛ asikre (asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne) ne protein bi a wɔfrɛ no albumin (preeclampsia, mogya mmoroso tebea ho sɛnkyerɛnne) wɔ nyinsɛn no nyinaa mu. |
| Pap Smear ne Swabs afoforo | Wɔyɛ Pap nhwehwɛmu de hwɛ sɛ awotwaa mu kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ hɔ anaa. Etumi nso hwɛ sɛ ebia nyarewa a wonya fi nna mu te sɛ chlamydia ne gonorrhea, ne ɔyare mmoawa a ebetumi ama awo awo ntɛm anaa. Eyinom a wɔbɛsa no betumi aboa ma wɔasiw nsɛnnennen ano ama akokoaa no. |
| Chorionic Villus Nhwɛsode (CVS) . | Eyi nyɛ sɔhwɛ mma obiara. Ɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw a wɔkamfo kyerɛ ma ɛnanom a wɔadi boro mfe 35 anaa wɔn a wɔwɔ abusua abakɔsɛm mu a wɔwɔ awosu mu nyarewa nkutoo. Wɔyɛ no adapɛn 10 kosi 12 na etumi hu awosu mu sintɔ te sɛ Down syndrome. Asiane ketewaa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nyinsɛn bɛtu a ɛyɛ 1%. |
Momma yensua Sɔhwɛ a Wɔaka abom no nso ho ade.
Nnansa yi, ɔkwan foforo a ɛkɔ akyiri aba a wɔfa so hu asiane a ɛwɔ tebea horow te sɛ Down syndrome mu. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobesusuw hCG a ɛwɔ ɛna no mogya mu wɔ adapɛn 10 kosi 14 ntam.ne PAP-A hormone dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu. Nea ɛka ho no, wɔyɛ ultrasound scan de susuw honam ani a ɛwɔ akokoaa no kɔn akyi no mu duru (wɔfrɛ eyi nuchal-translucency ). Wɔka nea efi abien no nyinaa mu ba no bom de bu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no ho akontaa.
Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔyɛe wɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a ɛto so abien mu (asram 4-6) .
Eyinom yɛ sɔhwɛ atitiriw a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ wɔ nyinsɛn mfinimfini no bi.
| Sɔhwɛ | Dɛn na wuhu wɔ eyi mu? |
|---|---|
| Agyiraehyɛde ahorow pii a Wɔde Hwɛ | Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ adapɛn 15 kosi 18 ntam. Ɛhwɛ alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ne nkwaadɔm afoforo abien a akokoaa no yɛ no dodow. Sɛ saa dodow yi nyɛ nea ɛfata a, asiane betumi aba sɛ obi benya tebea bi te sɛ Down syndrome anaasɛ ntini mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Kae sɛ eyi yɛ asiane ara kwa. |
| Ultrasound a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu | Wobetumi de saa scan yi a wɔtaa yɛ wɔ adapɛn 18 kosi 20 ntam no adi dwuma de ahu pefee sɛ ebia akokoaa no akwaa nyinaa nyin yiye anaa. Ebetumi ahwɛ nneɛma pii te sɛ akokoaa no nyin, sɛnea akokoaa no si, sɛ mmanoma wɔ hɔ anaa, ne baabi a awotwaa no wɔ. Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a awofo pii ani gye ho efisɛ wotumi hu wɔn ba no yiye. |
| Glucose a Wɔhwehwɛ Mu | Sɔhwɛ a wɔde hwɛ sɛ asikreyare wɔ nyinsɛn mu wɔ adapɛn 25 ne 28 ntam.Wɔma wo glucose anonne na wɔhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu dɔnhwerew biako akyi. Sɛ bo no yɛ kɛse a, ɛho behia sɛ woyɛ sɔhwɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no GTT (Glucose Tolerance Test) de si so dua bio. |
| Amniocentesis a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma | Eyi nyɛ obiara dea. Wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa adapɛn 15 kosi 18 pɛ mma ɛnanom a wɔadi boro mfe 35, a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya awosu mu nyarewa, anaasɛ wɔanya nea ɛnteɛ afi nhwehwɛmu a wɔadi kan ayɛ mu. Ɛha yi, wɔde ade a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye fa yafunu no mu, sɛnea wohu wɔ scan mu no, na wɔfa awotwaa mu nsu a atwa akokoaa no ho ahyia no ketewaa bi. Eyi tumi hu awosu mu sintɔ ahorow a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ 99%. Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nyinsɛn bɛtu no sua koraa, ɛyɛ 0.5%. |
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nyinsɛn mu nhwehwɛmu nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wusuro, wɔyɛ de hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo ba no nya akwahosan.
- Nhwehwɛmu pii hu tebea horow a wobetumi asa ntɛm, na ɛma wɔwo apɔwmuden.
- Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hwehwɛ awosu mu nyarewa mu no kyerɛ asiane a ɛwɔ mu nkutoo. Wɔnkyerɛ sɛ akokoaa no wɔ yare no anaa.
- Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ anaa nsɛmmisa bi wɔ sɔhwɛ biara ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nsusuw ho pefee . Ɛbɛboa wo ma woasisi gyinae a eye sen biara ama wo.
- Saa akwantuo yi yɛ akwantuo a ɛyɛ fɛ, ɛyɛ nwonwa. Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ mmoa ara kwa a ɛbɛma saa akwantu no ayɛ nea ahobammɔ wom mpo.
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