Sɛ wuhu sɛ wobɛyɛ ɛna a, ɛde nkate horow a ɛyɛ hu ba, na mpofirim ara, wuhyia aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow a ɛtoatoa so . Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata koraa sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho yeraw wo kakra anaasɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu wɔn ho asɛm. Ebia worebisa wo ho sɛ, “So sɔhwɛ ahorow yi nyinaa ho hia?Dɛn ankasa na wɔrehwehwɛ?” Momma yɛmmɔ mu nkyekyɛ nyinsɛn mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi mu, ɛnyɛ den na emu da hɔ.
Dɛn nti na sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho hia saa?
Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so asusuw nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ ansa na wɔawo ho ne sɛ ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ ahobammɔ ho nhwehwɛmu ma wo ne wo ba no nyinaa. Mpɛn pii no, sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ma yenya awerɛhyem a ɛkyerɛ sɛ biribiara rekɔ so sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ ɛkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ. Asomdwoe kɛse wɔ adwenem sɛ wubehu sɛ wo ba no wɔ apɔwmuden, ɛnte saa?
Bio nso, saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi ma yetumi kyere tebea horow na yɛsa ntɛm. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nhwehwɛmu betumi ahu sɛ dade a enni nipadua no mu ( mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ) anaasɛ asikreyare a ɛwɔ nyinsɛn mu . Sɛ wohu a, wo duruyɛfo betumi afi ayaresa a ɛho hia ase ntɛm ara na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ nea eye sen biara befi mu aba ama wo ne wo ba no.
Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi hwehwɛ awosu mu tebea horow te sɛ Down syndrome , cystic fibrosis , anaa spina bifida . Ɛyɛ awosu koraa sɛ awofo bɛte nka sɛ ɛhaw wɔn bere a wɔresusuw nhwehwɛmu pɔtee yi ho no.
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae ne sɛ saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu yi kyerɛ asiane dodow a ɛwɔ mu nkutoo. Wɔmma wontumi nhu yare no yiye . Wɔka kyerɛ yɛn kɛkɛ sɛ asiane a ɛboro so wɔ hɔ a, na ɛboa w’aduruyɛfo kuw no ma wosi gyinae sɛ ebia ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo a wɔde hu yare no anaa.
Ansa na wobɛkɔ w’anim no, wo ne w’akwahosan ho ɔyaresafo no bɔ nkɔmmɔ pefee na fa nokwaredi mu . Bisa nsɛm fa nea sɔhwɛ no hwehwɛ, ne pɛpɛɛpɛyɛ, asiane ahorow a ebetumi aba, ne anammɔn a edi hɔ a anka ɛbɛyɛ sɛ nea ebefi mu aba no nyɛ nea wohwɛ kwan a. Sɛ wunya nsɛm a emu da hɔ fi wo duruyɛfo hɔ a, ɛno ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so de ahotoso akɔ w’anim.
Afei, ma yɛnhwɛ sɔhwɛ atitiriw a ebia wubehyia wɔ asram akron a edi hɔ no mu.
Nsɔhwɛ a Wɔyɛ wɔ Mmere Abiɛsa a Edi Kan (Asram 1-3) .
Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa wɔ nyinsɛn no mu asram abiɛsa a edi kan no bi ni.
| Sɔhwɛ | Nea ɛhwɛ mu |
|---|---|
| Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu | Eyinom hwehwɛ wo mogya mu su ne Rh factor, sɛnea nipadua no tumi ko tia rubella, dade dodow (hemoglobin), na ɛhwehwɛ nyarewa te sɛ Hepatitis B, syphilis, ne HIV mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔde awosu mu tebea horow te sɛ thalassemia anaa sickle cell anemia ho nhwehwɛmu nso ka ho. |
| Nsuo mu Nhwehwɛmu | Eyinom hu asaabo mu yare na ɛnam hCG dodow so si nyinsɛn so dua. Wɔ wo nyinsɛn no nyinaa mu no, wɔbɛsɔ wo nsu mu ahwɛ sɛ ebia glucose (asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne) ne albumin (protein a ebetumi ayɛ preeclampsia, anaa mogya mmoroso ho sɛnkyerɛnne) anaa. |
| Pap Smear & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma | Pap smear hwɛ sɛ awotwaa no akwahosan te anaa. Wobetumi de nsu a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu nso adi dwuma de ahwɛ sɛ ebia nyarewa a wonya fi nna mu te sɛ chlamydia anaa gonorrhea, anaa mmoawa a ebetumi ama wɔawo awo ntɛm anaa. Sɛ wosa eyinom ntɛm a, esiw nsɛnnennen ano mma wo ba no. |
| Chorionic Villus Nhwɛsode (CVS) . | Eyi nyɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ no daa. Wɔde ma ɛnanom a wɔadi boro mfe 35 anaa wɔn a wɔwɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔwɔ awosu mu nyarewa. Sɛ wɔyɛ no adapɛn 10 kosi 12 ntam a, etumi hu awosu mu tebea horow. Asiane ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ, bɛyɛ 1% sɛ nyinsɛn bɛtu a ɛbata saa adeyɛ yi ho. |
Sɔhwɛ a Wɔaka abom no ntease
Nnansa yi, wɔanya akwan a ɛkɔ akyiri a wɔfa so hwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ tebea horow te sɛ Down syndrome mu. Wɔ adapɛn 10 kosi 14 ntam no, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahwɛ sɛnea hCG ne PAP-A hormone ahorow wɔ mogya mu . Wɔde eyi ka ultrasound scan ho de susuw baabi a ɛwɔ akokoaa no kɔn akyi a wɔfrɛ no nuchal translucency . Nsɛm a wɔaka abom no ma wonya asiane ho nhwehwɛmu a edi mu yiye.
Sɔhwɛ a Wɔyɛ wɔ Asram a Ɛto so Abiɛsa (Asram 4-6) .
Sɔhwɛ atitiriw a wubehyia wɔ wo nyinsɛn akwantu no mfinimfini ni.
| Sɔhwɛ | Nea ɛhwɛ mu |
|---|---|
| Agyiraehyɛde ahorow pii a Wɔde Hwɛ | Wɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi wɔ adapɛn 15 kosi 18 ntam, na ɛsusuw alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ne hormone afoforo abien. Ebia dodow a ɛnteɛ no bɛkyerɛ sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya Down syndrome anaasɛ ntini mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no akɔ soro. Bio nso, kae sɛ eyi yɛ asiane ho nhwehwɛmu, na ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hu yare no. |
| Ultrasound Scan a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma | Wɔtaa yɛ saa ‘Anomaly Scan’ yi wɔ adapɛn 18 kosi 20 ntam, na ɛma wo duruyɛfo tumi hwɛ sɛnea wo ba no akwaa nyin kɔ akyiri. Ɛsan nso hwɛ sɛnea wo ba no nyin, ne gyinabea, baabi a awotwaa no wɔ, ne sɛ ebia worehwɛ mmanoma kwan anaa. Eyi taa yɛ ade titiriw ma awofo, efisɛ ɛyɛ hokwan a wubehu wo ba ketewa no yiye! |
| Glucose a Wɔhwehwɛ Mu | Wɔ adapɛn 25 ne 28 ntam no, wɔbɛhwehwɛ wo mu ahwɛ sɛ wowɔ nyinsɛn mu asikreyare anaa. Wobɛnom glucose solution, na wɔbɛhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu dɔnhwerew biako akyi. Sɛ akenkan no dɔɔso a, Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) bedi akyi de asi nea wɔahu no so dua. |
| Amniocentesis a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma | Te sɛ CVS no, eyi nyɛ adeyɛ a wɔyɛ daa. Wɔkamfo kyerɛ ɛnanom a wɔadi boro mfe 35 anaa wɔn a wɔadi kan ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so no. Wɔ adapɛn 15 kosi 18 ntam no, wɔde ultrasound kyerɛ ade bi kwan ma ɛyi awotwaa mu nsu ketewaa bi. Saa sɔhwɛ yi yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ 99% de hu awosu mu nyarewa pɔtee bi, a nyinsɛn a wogyae ho asiane a ɛba fam koraa bɛyɛ 0.5%. |
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ ansa na wɔawo no yɛ nnwinnade a ɛbɛma w’adwene mu asomdwoe ne wo ba no ahobammɔ, na ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wusuro.
- Sɔhwɛ dodow no ara boa ma wohu tebea horow a wobetumi asa ntɛm, na ɛde nea ahobammɔ wom ba.
- Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hwehwɛ awosu mu tebea horow mu no kyerɛ asiane dodow nkutoo; wɔnkyerɛ sɛ akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wo ba no wɔ tebea bi.
- Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa anaa nsɛmmisa bi da bi a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa pefee . Wɔwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛboa wo ma woasi gyinae a eye sen biara ama wo tebea soronko no.
- Eyi yɛ akwantu a ɛyɛ fɛ na ɛsakra asetra. Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ nneɛma atitiriw a ɛboa ara kwa na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ wo kwan no da so ara yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom.
Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ ansa na wɔawo, nyinsɛn, ultrasound, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, amniocentesis, Down syndrome
