So woanya akwanhyia wɔ wo moma so? Momma yensua ahurututu mu akisikuru ho ade?

Sɛ mpofirim ara wobɔ wo moma so denneennen a, ebia worente nka sɛ biribi titiriw biara asi. Nanso, ahurututu no betumi afi mu asɛe. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea bi a emu yɛ den a ebetumi aba wɔ bere a ɛte saa mu ho asɛm, a ɛne ahurututu mu akisikuru. Eyi yɛ aniberesɛm kakra, enti momma yɛnhwɛ eyi yiye. Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wusuro, sɛ wunim saa nsɛm yi a, ɛbɛboa wo ne w’adɔfo.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne ahurututu mu akisikuru?

Fa no sɛ, sɛ bɔɔl a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm bɔ wo nsa bere a worebɔ kriket, anaa sɛ wobɔ wo wɔ baabi bere a woretu mmirika a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a saa beae no dan bruu, ahonhon, na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa. Saa ara na ɛto ahurututu no. Ahurututu mu akisikuru yɛ ahurututu no a ɛsɛe esiane ɔhwe a emu yɛ den a wɔbɔ wɔ koko so, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛka no yiye a, akuru a ɛba ahurututu no mu nti.

Eyi ne sɛnea ɛba. Sɛ wobɔ wo koko denneennen a, mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu no sɛe. Afei, mogya ne nipadua mu nsu afoforo fi ase fi saa mogya ntini a asɛe no mu kɔ ahurututu mu ntini ahorow no mu. Ɛte sɛ nea mogya retu afi kuru bi mu, nanso saa bere yi de, ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu. Saa mogya ne nsu a ɛboaboa ano yi ma ɛyɛ den ma ahurututu no sɛ ɛbɛyɛ adwuma yiye, na ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ɛbɛfa mframa pa na ayi mframa bɔne a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no afi hɔ.

Eyi yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den, efisɛ ebetumi de nsɛnnennen a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu aba. Ɛno nti na nnuruyɛfo de obi a ɔwɔ tebea yi mu kɔ ayaresabea hɔ a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔyare denneennen (ICU) na wɔhwɛ no yiye no.

Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Ahurututu mu akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ada adi ntɛm ara, anaasɛ ebetumi ada adi nnɔnhwerew anaa nna bi mpo wɔ opira no akyi. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, mfiase no yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no nyɛ den koraa. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wuhu eyi bere a woapira wo koko no.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw a wobetumi ahu ne:

• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome anaasɛ wobɛte nka sɛ wo home yɛ den: Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ worehyia ɔhaw wɔ ahome mu, anaasɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ adwumaden na woahome.
• Ɔfe: Ebetumi afi ase sɛ ɔfe a ɛyɛ nwunu na afei abɛyɛ ɔfe a ahurututu wom.
• Wheezing: Nnyigyei a ɛyɛ abɛn bere a ɔrehome: Ɛte sɛ nnyigyei a ɛba fam a ɛyɛ dede a efi koko mu ba.
• Tachycardia: Koma no bɔ ntɛmntɛm sen sɛnea ɛte daa.
• Mogya a ɔfefe: Eyi yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a anibere wom kɛse. Sɛ wode wo nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ no fe mogya ketewaa bi mpo a, mmu w’ani ngu so.
• Koko mu yaw: Koko mu yaw, titiriw bere a ɔrehome no, betumi ayɛ kɛse bere a ɔrefefe no.
• Akuru a wotumi hu wɔ koko so: Beae a akwanhyia no sii no betumi ayɛ bruu na akuru betumi ahu.

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi afi ase denam ɔfe kakra ne ahome a ɛyɛ den so, na nkakrankakra abɛyɛ nea emu yɛ den. Enti, sɛ asiane bi wɔ koko so a, ɛho hia sɛ yɛhwɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi yiye.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na tebea yi sɔre?

Nea ɛde ahurututu mu akisikuru ba titiriw ne ɔhwe a emu yɛ den anaa akwanhyia a ɛba ne koko so. Eyi betumi asi wɔ akwan abien so:

1. Blunt force trauma: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔde biribi a ɛnyɛ nnam bɛbɔ ne moma so. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Kar akwanhyia: Eyi ne nea ɛtaa de ba. Wɔ akwanhyia mu bere a ɔte kar, kar, anaa kar a ɛwɔ ntwahonan abiɛsa mu no, koko no tumi bɔ stia, dashboard, anaa nkongua a ɛwɔ nipadua no anim no. Sɛ wohyɛ ahobammɔ bɛlt mpo a, sɛ akwanhyia no mu yɛ den dodo a, wo koko betumi asɛe.
• Sɛ wufi soro a wobɛhwe ase: Sɛ wufi baabi a ɛkorɔn te sɛ dua, antweri, anaa ɔdan bi hwe ase a, ebia wo koko bɛbɔ fam anaa biribi foforo.
• Agumadi mu akwanhyia: Wɔ agumadi te sɛ rugby ne bɔɔlbɔ mu no, obi koko betumi apira esiane sɛ obi bɛbɔ anaasɛ obi ahwe ase nti.
• Wɔbɔ obi denneennen: Wɔbɔ no denneennen wɔ ne moma so bere a wɔreko anaa obi foforo.
• Nneɛma a Ɛpae: Asorɔkye a ɛpae a ɔtopae de ba no betumi asɛe ahurututu no.

2. Apirakuru a ɛhyɛn moma so: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ biribi a ano yɛ nnam hyɛn honam ani na ɛkɔ koko no mu tɔnn. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Sekan akuru yɛ akuru a akode a ano yɛ nnam te sɛ sekan de ba.
• Atuo a wɔtotow.

Wɔ akwanhyia a ɛte sɛɛ mu no, mogya ntini a atwa ahurututu no ho ahyia no sɛe, na ɛma mogya ne nsu boaboa ano wɔ ahurututu no mu.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane mu kɛse?

Nokwarem no, obiara a wapira ne koko no wɔ asiane mu sɛ obenya ahurututu mu yare. Nanso, mmofra nkumaa wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya ɔhaw ahorow a emu yɛ den afi tebea yi mu.

Susuw ho hwɛ, mmofra nkumaa koko nnompe nyɛ den pii, na wɔn moma so yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Enti, sɛ wonya ɔhwe ketewaa bi mpo a, nkɛntɛnso no betumi akɔ ahurututu no mu tẽẽ. Te sɛ bere a wobɔ balloon a nsu ahyɛ mu ma no, ahodwiriw no kɔ mu nyinaa Esiane sɛ mpanyimfo koko mu afiri no mu yɛ den kakra nti, wɔbɔ ahurututu no ho ban kodu baabi. Nanso mmofra nni saa. Enti, sɛ abofra koko apira a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye titiriw.

Nsɛnnennen bɛn na eyi betumi de aba?

Ahurututu mu akisikuru nyɛ asɛm a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Ebetumi de nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den, a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu mpo aba. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wohwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm no.

Nsɛnnennen atitiriw a ebetumi aba ne:

• Ahurututu mu yare: Sɛ ahurututu bi pira a, mogya ne nsu boaboa ano wɔ baabi a ɛwɔ hɔ, na ɛma tebea pa a mmoawa betumi anyin. Eyi betumi ama ɔyare bi aba ahurututu mu, a wɔfrɛ no ahurututu mu yare.
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Eyi yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den yiye. Sɛ ahurututu no sɛe kɛse a, ɔhome yɛ den yiye mpofirim. Ahurututu no ntumi nnye mframa pa nkɔ mogya no mu yiye. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔsa yare ntɛm ara.
• Hypoxia: Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mframa pa a enni nipadua no mu ntini mu. Saa tebea yi betumi aba bere a ahurututu no asɛe, na ɛmma mframa pa ntumi nsesa yiye no.
• Hypercapnia ne Respiratory Acidosis: Eyinom yɛ tebea horow a ɛba bere a carbon dioxide dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu kɔ soro dodo no. Eyi ba bere a ahurututu no ntumi nyi mframa bɔne mfi mu yiye no.

Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woakwati nsɛnnennen te sɛ eyinom no, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara wɔ ahurututu mu akisikuru ho na wodi nnuruyɛfo afotu akyi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu eyi?

Sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea a woapira wo moma so a, nnuruyɛfo bedi kan abisa wo sɛnea opira no bae ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a worehu ho asɛm. Afei, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu akisikuru no, wɔbɛtwa w’ahurututu ho mfonini (`mfonini`). Akwan titiriw a wɔfa so yɛ eyi ne:

• Chest X-ray: Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu sɛ ebia akuru anaa nsu bi aboaboa ano wɔ ahurututu no mu anaa.
• Thoracic ultrasound: Eyi yɛ ɔkwan foforo a wɔfa so hwɛ sɛnea ahurututu no te.
• CT scan (`CT scan` - `Computed Tomography scan`): Eyi tumi twa mfonini a emu da hɔ na ɛkɔ akyiri sen X-ray. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu sɛnea wɔasɛe ahurututu no, sɛnea akuru no kɛse te, ne nea ɛkeka ho pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Nnuruyɛfo gyina nsɛm a wonya fi nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi mu so hu sɛ ebia w’ahurututu mu akisikuru ne sɛnea ɛyɛ aniberesɛm.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no?

Nokwarem no, ayaresa pɔtee biara nni hɔ a wɔde sa akisikuru. Ɛte sɛ nea woretwɛn sɛ ɔhonam akwaa a apirapira no ankasa sa yare. Nanso, esiane sɛ eyi sɛe ahurututu nti, nnuruyɛfo bɛsa wo yare ma wɔahwɛ wo yiye kosi sɛ ɛbɛsa, asiw nsɛnnennen a ebetumi aba ano, na wɔaboa wo ma wo ho atɔ wo. Yɛfrɛ eyi ``ɔhwɛ a ɛboa`` .

Ayaresa a nnuruyɛfo de yɛ eyi no bi ni:

• Oxygen ayaresa: Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome anaasɛ oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no sua a, wɔbɛma wo oxygen.
• Nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw a wɔde ma: Wɔde nnuru ma de tew koko mu yaw so. Sɛ ɛyaw no so tew a, ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw ama wo sɛ wobɛhome denneennen na woafe.
• Ahurututu mu ahotew:Eyi ho hia paa. Sɛ ahurututu no pira a, nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ taa boaboa ano wɔ mu. Sɛ wɔannyi saa nsuo yi mu a, ɛbɛtumi ama obi anya nyarewa, te sɛ ahurututu mu yareɛ. Enti, nnuruyɛfo ne ayarehwɛfo no bɛhyɛ wo nkuran sɛ wohome denneennen na wofefe denneennen. Ebia wɔbɛma wo mfiri ketewaa bi a ɛbɛboa wo, anaasɛ ɔyarehwɛfo bi bɛba abɛbɔ w’akyi de aboa ma nsu a ɛwɔ wo mu no ayɛ mmerɛw.
• Nsu a ɛkɔ mu: Sɛ nsu pii aboaboa ano atwa ahurututu no ho ahyia na ɛrema ayɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔde afiri ketewaa bi hyɛ mu na ama nsu no akɔ.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔbɛyɛ de asiesie nea asɛe no: Sɛ ahurututu anaa koko no afã afoforo asɛe kɛse a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de siesie.
• Mfiri a wɔde ma mframa: Sɛ wo tebea no mu yɛ den araa ma w’ankasa wuntumi nhome a, ebia ebehia sɛ wode wo bata afiri bi ho na ama woatumi ahome. Wɔtaa yɛ eyi wɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔyare denneennen no.

Wɔyɛ eyinom nyinaa de boa wo nipadua bere a w’ahurututu no sa nkakrankakra no.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na asa?

A lung contusion usually takes about a week to heal. Nanso, egyina sɛnea akisikuru no mu yɛ den so no, ebia ebehia sɛ wotra ayaresabea hɔ kyɛ. Ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa binom oprehyɛn de siesie wɔn ahurututu anaa wɔn koko a asɛe no.

Nnipa a wɔn ahurututu mu akisikuru bɛyɛ 20% benya ahurututu mu yare. Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛkɔ so anya ahurututu mu ahotew pa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wobɛfefe mu nsu na woahome denneennen. Nnuruyɛfo ka sɛ, sɛ woyɛ saa nneɛma yi a, wubetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubehyia ɔhaw ahorow no so.

Dɛn ne nea efi mu ba bere tenten?

Bere a ahurututu mu akisikuru asa mpo no, ebia nnipa binom ahurututu mu dwumadi so atew kakra mfe pii. Eyi betumi ama ahome ayɛ den kakra, titiriw bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ no. Bio nso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a akuru (`(Fibrosis)`) betumi aba ahurututu mu. Saa akuru yi betumi atew ahurututu no a ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛdannan no so na ama ahome a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye no so atew.

Nnipa dodow a wowuwu no te dɛn?

Ɛyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛka sɛnea ahurututu mu akisikuru tumi kum obi no ankasa. Eyi te saa efisɛ opira afoforo betumi aba wɔ tebea yi mu. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ ebetumi ayɛ 14% kosi 40% . Eyi kyerɛ sɛnea tebea yi betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm. Ɛno nti na ayaresa a wɔde ma ntɛm ho hia kɛse no.

So wobetumi asiw ano?

Ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobetumi afa so asiw ahurututu mu akisikuru ano ne sɛ wɔbɛkwati ahodwiriw a ɛbɛba wo koko so. Nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yɛn nyinaa betumi ayɛ de aboa:

• Bere nyinaa hyɛ ahobammɔ bɛlt bere a wote kar mu no. Ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ ɛnyɛ kar mu nko na wobɛhyɛ ahobammɔ abɔso, na mmom bere a wote kar a ɛwɔ ntwahonan abiɛsa anim nso sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a. Afei nso, sɛ wode mmofra nkumaa rekɔ kar mu a, fa mmofra kar nkongua a ɛfata wɔn di dwuma.
• Sɛ woreka kar a, fa kar no dwoodwoo na fa ahwɛyiye.Ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wubesiw akwanhyia ano.
• Hyɛ nneɛma a wode bɔ wo ho ban bere a woreyɛ adwuma anaa woredi agumadi wɔ mmeae a ɛkorɔn no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ adansi adwuma mu no hyɛ ntade a ɛbɔ wɔn ho ban a ɛkata wɔn moma so.
• Susuw ahobammɔ a ɛwɔ fie nso ho. Hwɛ yiye bere a worema nneɛma a emu yɛ duru so na wosoa no.

Nneɛma a ɛnyɛ den te sɛ eyi mpo betumi asiw akwanhyia kɛse ano.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu a egye ntɛmpɛ? (Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ER?)

Sɛ woapira wo koko a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ (ER) ntɛm ara. Sɛ mpo woante ɛyaw biara saa bere no a, ebia nneɛma bi bɛsɛe wo mu. Enti, eye sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwɛ.

Titiriw no, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, frɛ 1990 Suwaseriya Ambulance Service ntɛm ara, anaa kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi:

• Koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.
• Sɛ wo honam ani, w’ano, anaa wo nnadewa dan bruu (eyi kyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua no nnya oxygen a ɛdɔɔso).
• Adwene a ɛyɛ wo yaw (sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew a).

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Dodow a wohwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm no, dodow no ara na hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wobɛkwati nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den na wo ho atɔ wo ntɛmntɛm no yɛ papa.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no wɔ saa yare yi a, ebetumi aboa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ me ho bere a makɔ fie awie no? (e.g., adwuma bɛn na metumi ayɛ na dɛn na ɛnsɛ sɛ meyɛ?)
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye bere a makɔ fie awie no? (Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?)
• Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mesan ba bɛhwɛ oduruyɛfo? (Nhyehyɛe a wɔde bedi akyi) .

Wɔ nsɛmmisa yi akyi no, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa adwenem naayɛ anaa ehu biara a wowɔ ho.

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Ahurututu mu akisikuru yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛde ne nkwa to asiane mu. Sɛ wobɔ wo moma so anaasɛ wode wo ho hyɛ kar akwanhyia mu a, ebia worenhu kuru kɛse bi wɔ akyi, nanso ebia wo mu asɛe a wuntumi nhu.

Enti, sɛ wo moma so haw bi a, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwɛ wo, sɛ mpo wote nka sɛ wo ho ye saa bere no a.

Titiriw sɛ wufi ase nya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den te sɛ wo koko mu yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome a, mmu w’ani ngu so na hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara. Saa kwan no so no, nnuruyɛfo betumi ahu ɔhaw no ntɛm, afi ayaresa a wuhia no ase, na wɔama wo ho atɔ wo a ɔhaw a emu yɛ den biara nka ho. Wɔbɛhwɛ wo yiye na wɔaboa wo ma wo tebea no agyina kosi sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo. W’akwahosan som bo ma wo, enti hwɛ so yiye!

` Pulmonary Contusion, ahurututu mu akisikuru, koko mu opira, ahome a ɛyɛ den, ɔfe, koko mu yaw, kar akwanhyia