Ɔkwan bɛn so na Rh factor a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ka nyinsɛn? Momma yenhu!

Sɛ woyɛ ɛna a wobɛyɛ ɛna, anaasɛ worehwɛ akokoaa kwan dedaw a, ebia woate mogya mu nhwehwɛmu pii a wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ wɔ wo nhwehwɛmu a edi kan no mu no ho asɛm. Eyinom mu biako a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ Rh factor no mu. Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ basaa kakra na ɛyɛ foforo ma wo. But don't worry , ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka nea Rh factor no yɛ ne sɛnea ɛho hia ma wo ne wo ba no ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ntease wom so.

Dɛn ne Rh factor? Momma yɛnte ase kɛkɛ!

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Rh factor no yɛ protein titiriw bi a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no ani. Ɛyɛ biribi a wunya fi w’awofo hɔ, te sɛ wo tenten anaa wo honam ani kɔla ara pɛ.

• Sɛ wowɔ saa protein yi wɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mu a, na wowɔ Rh-positive .
• Sɛ wunni saa protein yi wɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mu a, ɛnde na wowɔ Rh-negative .

Susuw ho hwɛ, nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ wiase, bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu 85 (85%), wɔ Rh-positive . Enti sɛ woyɛ Rh-positive a, ɛno ne tebea a ɛfata.

Yɛn nyinaa nim yɛn mogya ahorow ho asɛm. Mogya ahodoɔ titire mmiɛnsa na ɛwɔ hɔ: A, B, AB, ne O. Saa mogya ahodoɔ yi yɛ "positive (+)" anaa "negative (-)" a egyina wo Rh factor so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wo mogya yɛ A na wo Rh factor yɛ papa a, wo mogya yɛ "A positive." Na nea ɛkeka ho:

• A negative a Ɛyɛ Asɛm
• B Nea ɛyɛ papa
• B Nea enye
• O Adepa a Ɛyɛ Pa
• O Negative
• AB Positive a ɛyɛ papa
• AB Nea enye

Ade a ɛho hia ne sɛ wo Rh factor no nka w’akwahosan nyinaa anaasɛ ɛnyɛ ɔhaw biara . Ɛyɛ wo mogya su ara kwa.

Dɛn nti na Rh factor no ho hia wɔ nyinsɛn mu?

Ɛwom mpo sɛ wo Rh factor no nni nkɛntɛnso biara wɔ w’asetra a ɛfata so de, nanso sɛ wonyinsɛn a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ eyi ho, titiriw sɛ wunni Rh-negative a .

Nea ɛba ni:

Fa no sɛ, woyɛ ɛna a onni Rh (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wunni saa protein titiriw no wɔ wo mogya mu). Nanso, sɛ akokoaa a ɔwɔ awotwaa mu no wɔ Rh-positive (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ akokoaa no wɔ saa protein no wɔ wɔn mogya mu, a wonya fii agya no hɔ) a, ɛnde ɔhaw ketewaa bi betumi asɔre. Yɛfrɛ eyi Rh a ɛne ne ho nhyia .

Saa bere yi, ebia ɛna no nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no behu akokoaa no mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a Rh wɔ no sɛ “ahɔho.” Sɛnea yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ko tia ɔyare mmoawa bi bere a ɛhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu no, saa ara na ɛna no nipadua no fi ase yɛ nnuru a ɛko tia akokoaa no mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no. Wɔfrɛ saa adeyɛ yi Rh sensitization .

Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo! Nnɛyi nnuruyɛ wɔ ayaresa pa a wɔde siw tebea yi ano.Wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛma wo aduru a wɔfrɛ no ``immune globulin'' de asiw ɔhaw yi ano.

Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na ɛna no ne akokoaa no mogya atumi afra?

Mpɛn pii no, ɛna no ne akokoaa a ɔwɔ awotwaa mu no mogya nfra tẽẽ bere a wɔyem no. Nanso, wɔ nsɛm titiriw bi mu no, akokoaa no mogya kakraa bi pɛ betumi afra ɛna no mogya mu. Nsɛm a ɛtete saa no bi ne:

• Bere a wɔrewo: Ebetumi ayɛ awo a wɔde fa ɔbea no awotwaa mu anaasɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde twa awo.
• Nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a wɔyɛ wɔ nyinsɛn mu: sɛ nhwɛso no, sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ ``amniocentesis`` (amniotic nsu mu nhwehwɛmu) anaa ``chorionic villus sampling - CVS`` (awotwaa no fã bi mu nhwehwɛmu).
• Sɛ wote mogya a ɛba wo awotwaa mu bere a wonyinsɛn no a.
• Sɛ akwanhyia a emu yɛ den anaa opira bi si yafunu no mu a.
• Sɛ ɛba sɛ ɔhaw bi ba nyinsɛn no mfiase, te sɛ nyinsɛn a wotu gu anaa nyinsɛn a ɛwɔ awotwaa no akyi a.
• Afei adeyɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no ``external cephalic version (ECV)'', a wɔde dannan akokoaa bere a ɔwɔ breech gyinabea.

Bere bɛn na akokoaa no da asiane mu?

Mpɛn pii no, akokoaa no nhyia ɔhaw kɛse biara wɔ ɛna a onni Rh nyinsɛn a edi kan no mu . Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ ɛna no mogya na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ ɛbɛfra akokoaa no mogya mu bere a ɔrewo no. Enti, sɛ saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa no fi ase hyehyɛ mpo a, ebedu saa bere no na wɔawo akokoaa no dedaw. Nanso, wo duruyɛfo bɛsɔ Rh factor no ahwɛ sɛ ɛyɛ wo nyinsɛn a edi kan mpo a.

Ɔhaw no betumi asɔre sɛ wunyinsɛn ne mprenu so na akokoaa no nso wɔ Rh-positive a. Eyi te saa efisɛ ebia woda so ara wɔ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a woyɛɛ bere a wowoo wo ba a odi kan no. Afei, saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa no betumi atwa awotwaa no mu na afi ase akɔtow ahyɛ akokoaa a ɔto so abien no mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a Rh wɔ no so. Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi Rh yare . Eyi betumi ayɛ asiane kɛse ama akokoaa no, na ɛde ne nkwa mpo ato asiane mu .

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane mu sɛ Rh nhyia?

Saa asiane yi ba bere a ɛna a onni Rh soa akokoaa a onni Rh no . Awosu mu nkwaadɔm a wonya fi ɛna ne agya no hɔ na ɛkyerɛ akokoaa no Rh factor.

• Sɛ ɛna no yɛ Rh-negative (-) na agya no yɛ Rh-positive (+):
• Akokoaa no nso betumi anya Rh-positive (+) (afei asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ ɔne no nhyia).
• Akokoaa no nso betumi ayɛ Rh-negative (-) (wɔ saa tebea no mu no asiane biara nni ho).
• Sɛ ɛna no yɛ Rh-negative (-) na agya no nso yɛ Rh-negative (-): .
• Akokoaa no bɛyɛ Rh-negative (-) bere nyinaa. Enti asiane biara nni hɔ.
• Sɛ ɛna no wɔ Rh-positive (+): .
• Sɛ́ ebia agya no yɛ Rh-positive (+) anaa Rh-negative (-) no, akokoaa no renhyia biribiara a ɛne ne ho nhyia esiane ɛna no Rh factor nti, efisɛ ɛna no nipadua no ntumi nyɛ nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia saa "ahɔho" protein no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu Rh factor no? (Rh factor sɔhwɛ) .

Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Sɛ wunyinsɛn a, wubetumi ahu nea wo Rh factor yɛ denam mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den (su ne screen) so wɔ wo bere a edi kan a wobɛyɛ ansa na woawo no. Eyi ho hia paa. Efisɛ sɛ woyɛ Rh-negative na akokoaa no yɛ Rh-positive a, saa Rh factor incompatibility a yɛkaa ho asɛm no betumi aba.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ Rh nhyia na wɔsa?

Sɛ wunyinsɛn a, wo awo ho oduruyɛfo no bedi kan ahwɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ Rh-negative anaa.

• Sɛ wowɔ Rh-positive a: Ɔhaw biara nni ho. Biribi foforo biara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ.
• Sɛ wo nni Rh na wo antibody screen no nyɛ papa a: Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo Rh immune globulin (a wɔsan frɛ no RhoGAM®) . Wɔde eyi ma na amma saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa no anhyehyɛ.
• Wɔtaa de saa vaccine yi ma pɛnkoro , bɛyɛ nyinsɛn no dapɛn a ɛto so 28 .
• Wɔde dodow foforo ma wɔ nnɔnhwerew 72 akyi wɔ akokoaa no awo akyi (sɛ akokoaa no wɔ Rh-positive nkutoo a).
• Ɛtɔ da bi mpo, wɔ nyinsɛn no mfiase mpo (sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ mogya retu wo a), sɛ oduruyɛfo no susuw sɛ ebia wo mogya ne wo ba no de afra a, wobetumi de saa aduru yi ama wo.

Saa `(RhoGAM®)` vaccine yi yɛ adwuma te sɛ kyɛm a ɛbɔ ho ban . Ɛma wo nipadua no ntumi nyɛ saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛyɛ hu no. Saa vaccine yi tu mpɔn yiye wɔ Rh a ɛne ne ho nhyia no ayaresa mu. Enti, tebea yi a wobehu ntɛm wɔ nyinsɛn mu no ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wɔbɛfa so asiw nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den ano.

Nanso, sɛ woanya Rh antibodies dedaw (antibody screen positive) a, RhoGAM® vaccine no remmoa. Sɛ ɛba saa a, nnuruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo ne wo ba no yiye wɔ wo nyinsɛn no nyinaa mu. Ɛdenam tebea a akokoaa no te so no, nnuruyɛfo betumi asi gyinae sɛ wɔbɛwo akokoaa no ntɛm.

Nsɛnnennen bɛn na ebetumi aba esiane Rh a ɛne ne ho nhyia nti?

Rh a ɛne ne ho nhyia no nka ɛna a onyinsɛn no . Nanso, ebetumi aka akokoaa a ɔwɔ awotwaa mu no. Nea ɛho hia titiriw ne tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no hemolytic anemia . Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, akokoaa no mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no sɛe ntɛmntɛm sen sɛ wɔde besi ananmu.

Nea efi mu ba no betumi afi nea emu nyɛ den so kosi nea emu yɛ den kɛse so. Nea ɛka ho ne:

• Jaundice: Wora ne aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ.
• Mmɛn a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye .
• Koma a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye .
• Awo a wɔawuwu .

Nanso, mpɛn pii no, nkokoaa a Rh yare no nnya wɔn yare no nhia ayaresa titiriw . Nkokoaa a wɔte saa no ho tɔ wɔn koraa.

Wɔ tebea horow a emu yɛ den mu no, akokoaa noEbia ɛho behia sɛ wɔde mogya ma. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛma akokoaa no mogya foforo. Wobetumi de nkokoaa a wɔwɔ jaundice no ahyɛ hann ayaresa titiriw (phototherapy) ase na ama bilirubin dodow a ɛde kɔla kɔkɔɔ ba no so atew. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wɔwo akokoaa no ntɛm kakra na wɔasiw mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a emu yɛ den ano.

Asɛmpa no ne sɛ efi bere a wohuu Rh immune globulin vaccine no, Rh yare no so atew kɛse.

Sɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa no sa a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ ɛna a onni Rh no nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa no sa a, ayaresa a wɔde `(Rh immune globulin)` vaccine no sa no rentumi nyɛ adwuma. Ɛno nti na yɛka sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wuhu wo Rh factor na wonya ayaresa ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.

So wobetumi asiw Rh a ɛne ne ho nhyia no ano?

Esiane sɛ Rh factor no yɛ awosu mu ade nti, yentumi npaw Rh a yɛn ba no benya. Nanso, ɔkwan pa a wɔbɛfa so asiw ɔhaw yi ano ne sɛ ɛna no behu ne Rh factor na sɛ ɛho hia a, wanya `(RhoGAM®)` vaccine no wɔ bere a ɛfata mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na eyi ka ɛna a onni Rh? (Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu - Take-Home Message)

Sɛ woyɛ ɛna a onni Rh a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu saa nneɛma yi.

Nha wo ho! Sɛ mpo woyɛ Rh-negative a, sɛ wonya `(RhIg)` vaccine no bere biara a ebetumi aba sɛ wode wo ho ahyɛ mogya a Rh-positive mu akyi (e.g., awo, nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi) a, wubetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wo ba no benya Rh yare no so kɛse. Kae sɛ Rh a ɛne ne ho nhyia no ka wo ba no akwahosan, na ɛnyɛ wo de.

Ɛdenam wo Rh factor a wobɛhunu no ntɛm so no, wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛtumi ama wo ``RhIg'' vaccine no wɔ berɛ a ɛfata mu. Ɛno ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ama wo ba no anya apɔwmuden.

Sɛ wunim wo Rh tebea wɔ nyinsɛn mu (na sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, ntɛm) a, ebetumi aboa ma woasiw nsɛnnennen ano. Nea eye ne sɛ, wo duruyɛfo betumi asɔ wo mogya ahwɛ wɔ wo nyinsɛn no mfiase pɛɛ de ahu sɛ ebia wowɔ Rh-positive anaasɛ Rh-negative. Sɛ woyɛ Rh-negative na wo ba no wɔ Rh-positive nkutoo a, Rh a ɛne ne ho nhyia no yɛ ɔhaw. Wo duruyɛfo betumi asa eyi denam Rh immune globulin (RhIg) a ɔbɛma wo no so.

Enti, nsuro anaasɛ nhaw wo ho a ɛho nhia. Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo ne wo ba no yiye, na ɔde ayaresa a ɛho hia nyinaa bɛma wo. Nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ara ne sɛ wubedi oduruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ na woakɔhwɛ wo daa. Afei wubenya hokwan kɛse koraa sɛ wobɛwo akokoaa a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden!

` Rh factor, Rhesus factor, nyinsɛn, mogya su, Rh negative, Rh positive, Rh a ɛnhyia, antibodies, RhoGAM, akokoaa