So asiane wom sɛ obi bɛhome wusiw a efi ogya mu? (Smoke Inhalation) Momma yɛnhwɛ eyi yiye!

So woabɛn ogya pɛn na wusiw a efi mu ba nti wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ? Ebia na ɛyɛ ogya a ɛtɔe wɔ adididan mu wɔ fie, ogya a ɛtɔe wɔ kar bi mu wɔ kwan so, ogya a ɛtɔe kwae mu, anaa bere a obi de ogya too baabi a wɔtow nwura gu. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, wusiw a yɛhome no betumi asɛe yɛn ɔhome akwaa ne yɛn ahurututu kɛse. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom nnuru a awuduru wom a ɛwɔ wusiw yi mu no bi te sɛ `(Carbon Monoxide)` (Carbon Monoxide) ne `(Cyanide)` (Cyanide), sɛ wɔhome pii a, ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ yehu eyi.

Dɛn ne Wusiw a Wɔhome? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wusiw a yɛhome ne bere a yɛhome wusiw pii. Eyi taa si wɔ mmeae a ogya tɔ. Nneɛma nketenkete a aniwa ntumi nhu, ne mframa a awuduru wom pii wɔ saa wusiw yi mu. Eyinom hyɛn yɛn hwene ne yɛn ano na ɛsɛe yɛn home nhyehyɛe.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ ogya tɔ ofie bi mu a, wusiw no hyɛ dan no mu ma. Afei ɛsɛ sɛ obi a ɔwɔ hɔ home saa wusiw no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wusiw a efi kwae mu gya a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri mu mpo betumi apira yɛn ani, yɛn hwene, ne yɛn menewa. Titiriw sɛ wowɔ ɔhome mu yare a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ te sɛ `(COPD)` (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) anaa `(Asthma)` (Asthma) a, wusiw kakra mpo betumi ayɛ den ama wo.

Sɛ wowɔ ogya mu na wususuw sɛ ebia woahome wusiw, anaasɛ wusiw a wohome ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea anaa wokɔhwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara.

Sɛ wohome wusiw a, dɛn na ɛba? Hwɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi yiye!

Wusiw a wɔhome betumi de yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow aba. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ebinom te sɛ ɔhaw nketenkete, nanso afoforo betumi ayɛ nea asiane wom kɛse. Hwɛ sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi te sɛ nea wunim anaa:

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den: Ɛte sɛ nea wo koko reyɛ ayɛ wo yaw, na ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome.
• Ɛnne yɛ dede: Sɛ yɛrekasa a, ɛnne no sesa na ɛyɛ dede.
• Koko mu yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ den: Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo koko reyɛ wo yaw wɔ mu, anaasɛ biribi remia so.
• Menewa mu yaw: Ɛte sɛ nea menewa mu ayɛ wo yaw, ɛyɛ yaw bere a womene no.
• Ɔfe: Ebia wubenya ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa. Ebia wobɛfefe nso ayɛ nsu tuntum.
• Wheezing: Sɛ worehome a, woyɛ nnyigyei a ano yɛ den a ɛyɛ dede fi wo moma so, a wɔfrɛ no ``Wheezing.'' Ɛtɔ da bi a, nnyigyei a ano yɛ den fi wo menewam, te sɛ ``Stridor,'' a ɛno nso yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛyɛ hu.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ wo yaw, tiyɛ: Ebia wobɛte tiyɛ a emu yɛ den na wobɛte nka mpo sɛ wo ti ayɛ wo yaw.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa: Ebia worentumi nte nea ɛrekɔ so no ase, na ebia worenhu.
• Totɔ piti: Ebia w’adwene bɛyera mpofirim na woahwe ase.
• Akisikuru: Nnipa binom betumi anya tebea horow a ɛte sɛ akisikuru.

Susuw ho hwɛ, ɛtɔ da bi a sɛ yɛsɔ akutu bi a, wusiw a efi mu ba no kɔ yɛn nipadua mu, nanso yɛn ani hyew na yɛn hwene te sɛ nea ɛresiw yɛn menewam, ɛnte saa? Obi a ɔwɔ ayamtu betumi anya ``Asthma Attack``. Enti hwɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi yiye.

Sɛ wohome wusiw pii a, dɛn na ɛba?

Akwan atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ a wusiw pii a yɛbɛhome no betumi apira yɛn nipadua.

1. Wusiw no hyew: Wusiw a efi ogya mu no yɛ hyew yiye. Saa ɔhyew yi betumi ahyew yɛn ɔhome akwaa a ɛwɔ soro, a ɛkyerɛ yɛn hwene, yɛn ano, ne yɛn menewa. Eyi betumi ama obi ho ahonhon na ama ayɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome.

2. Nnuru a ɛsɛe ade: Mframa a awuduru wom, nnuru ahorow, ne wusiw nketenkete a ɛwɔ wusiw mu no sian kɔ yɛn ɔhome kwan a ɛwɔ fam ne yɛn ahurututu mu, na ɛsɛe nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ hɔ no. Afei wobetumi ayɛ wɔn ho hyew na wɔahohoro. Te sɛ kuru ara pɛ.

3. Oxygen a yenni: Nnuru a ɛyɛ hu te sɛ `(Carbon Monoxide)` a ɛwɔ wusiw mu no kɔ yɛn mogya mu. Afei `(Oxygen)` a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no gyae sɛ wɔde kɔ nipadua no afã afoforo, titiriw amemene ne koma no. Sɛ `(Oxygen)` nni hɔ a yɛn akwaa ntumi nyɛ adwuma. Ɛno nti na eyi yɛ nea asiane wom kɛse no. Awuduru `(Cyanide)` nso de tebea bi a nkwammoaa no ntumi mfa `(Oxygen)` nni dwuma ba.

Nsɛnnennen a asiane wom bɛn na eyi betumi de aba?

Sɛ wɔansa wusiw a wɔhome no yiye a, ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow a emu yɛ den a ɛde ne nkwa to asiane mu aba. Wɔn mu bi ni:

• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Eyi yɛ ahurututu mu huammɔdi a ɛba mpofirim na emu yɛ den. Ne titiriw no, nsu hyɛ mframa kotoku a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu ma, na ɛmma mframa pa ntumi nkɔ mu, na ɛmma wontumi nhome.
• (Asphyxiation): Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, `(Oxygen)` a enni nipadua no mu no kyerɛ sɛ obi bɛmene.
• (Coma): Sɛ obi ntumi nhu hwee bere tenten.
• (Heart Attack): Koma mu yare betumi aba esiane mogya a ɛkɔ koma no mu a ɛso atew nti.
• Methemoglobinemia: Eyi yɛ yare a efi mogya mu. Wɔ eyi mu no, hemoglobin a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no ntumi nkyekyere ``(Oxygen)'' yiye, na ɛmma ɛnkɔ ntini ahorow no mu.
• Ahurututu mu yare: Ahurututu mu ɔfe, a ɛkyerɛ tebea a ɛnyɛ ɔfe anaa ɔyare mmoawa na ɛde ba.
• Pulmonary Edema: Nsu boaboa ano wɔ mframa kotoku a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ oxygen bɛkɔ mogya no mu.
• Akisikuru: Tebea a ɛte sɛ obubuafo betumi aba esiane mogya a ɛkɔ amemene no mu a ɛso tew nti.

Ɛyɛ hu sɛ wobɛte saa nneɛma yi, ɛnte saa? Ɛno nti na wɔhyɛ nyansa sɛ sɛ wohome wusiw a, hwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane mu kɛse?

Nokwarem no, wusiw a wɔhome no nyɛ papa mma obiara. Nanso ɛda adi sɛ nnipa binom behyia akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den esiane wusiw kakraa bi mpo nti. Eyinom ne:

• Nnipa a wɔwɔ ɔhome mu nyarewa te sɛ ayamtu.
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ Asaabo mu Yare a Enni sabea (CKD).
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ te sɛ COPD.
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare.
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ komayare.

Afei nso, ɛnanom a wɔyem ne mmofra nkumaa wɔ asiane kɛse mu. Nkɛntɛnso a ɛwɔ ɛnanom a wɔyem so no nso betumi aka akokoaa no. Mmofra nkumaa nso yɛ mmerɛw kɛse efisɛ wɔn home nhyehyɛe da so ara nyin.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ na ama asiane yi so atew?

Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn atew asiane a ɛwɔ wusiw yi a yɛbɛhome mu no so? Okay, ma yɛnhwɛ.

• Hwɛ mframa pa: Wubetumi ahu sɛ wusiw ne mfutuma pii wɔ mframa mu wɔ wo mpɔtam hɔ afi wim tebea ho amanneɛbɔ mu, anaasɛ efi `(Websites)` ne `(Apps)` bi mu.
• Tra dan mu wɔ nna a mframa bɔne wom mu: Sɛ wuhu sɛ mframa no mu yɛ wusiw kɛse a, tena dan mu sɛnea wubetumi na to mfɛnsere ne apon no mu. Sɛ wowɔ ``Air Conditioner'' wɔ wo fie a, fa di dwuma. Eyi bɛma ``ayɛ filter'' mframa a ɛreba fie no mu no akodu baabi.
• Fa `(HEPA filter)` di dwuma: Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a mframa a ɛwɔ wo fie no ho bɛtew no, ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wode `(Air Purifier)` a ɛwɔ `(HEPA - High-Efficiency Particulate Air)` (High
• Hyɛ `(Mask)` (Mask): Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wopue kɔyɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia a, hyɛ `(Respirator Mask)` (Breathing Mask) a ɛfata w'anim yie, te sɛ `(N95)`. Ntama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw `(Mask)` ntumi nsiw wusiw nketenkete yi ano yiye.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu eyi?

Sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea a, sɛ́ ebia ogya atɔ wo anaasɛ woahome wusiw no, nnuruyɛfo bebisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na wɔahwɛ wo. Ebia wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow bi nso, te sɛ:

• Pulse Oximetry: Wɔde afiri ketewa bi a ɛte sɛ clip to wo nsateaa so na ɛsusu ``Oxygen'' dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Eyi betumi akyerɛ ntɛm sɛ wowɔ ``Oxygen'' a ɛba fam anaa.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Hwɛ nneɛma te sɛ carbon monoxide dodow ne oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu.
• Chest X-ray anaa CT scan: Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu sɛ ebia ahurututu no asɛe anaa.
• Ahurututu mu Dwumadi Ho Nhwehwɛmu: Hwɛ sɛnea w’ahurututu reyɛ adwuma yiye.
• (Arterial Blood Gas - ABG): Eyi nso yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu. Wɔfa mogya fi ntini bi a ɛwɔ abasa no mu na wɔhwɛ mogya no `(Oxygen)`, `(Carbon Dioxide)` ne acid-base kari pɛ.
• (Ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu):Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔde afiri teateaa bi a mfoninitwa afiri ketewaa bi (afiri a wɔde hwɛ ahurututu mu) fa hwene anaa ano no mu de hwɛ mframa kwan no mu. Eyi ma wotumi hu nneɛma te sɛ ɔfe, ɔfe, ne mframa kwan a esiw no tẽẽ.

Dɛn ne ayaresa a wɔde sa eyi?

Sɛ wowɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn ogya anaasɛ wohome wusiw pii a, ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ mframa pa mu ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi. Afei ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara. Wobetumi de ayaresa a edidi so yi ama wɔ ayaresabea:

• Oxygen a Wɔde Ka Ho: Wɔnam hwene mu afiri anaa akataso so ma oxygen . Wɔ tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den mu no, wɔde ayaresa titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy di dwuma. Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde ɔyarefo no to dan bi a ɛma oxygen 100% wɔ nhyɛso kɛse ase. Eyi ma nipadua no mu ntini ahorow no nya mframa pa ntɛmntɛm, titiriw wɔ tebea horow a carbon monoxide awuduru wom mu.
• Bronchodilators: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a ɛma mframa kwan no trɛw. Wobetumi de ama sɛ ade a wɔde home anaasɛ denam nebulizer so. Eyi ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobɛhome.
• Mucolytics: Nnuru a ɛboa ma nsu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ ahurututu mu na ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobetu afi mu.
• Anticoagulants: Nnuru a ɛmma mogya ntumi nkɔ. Ebia eyinom ho behia wɔ wusiw a wɔhome no bi mu.
• (Hydroxocobalamin): Eyi yɛ `(Vitamin B12)` bi. Wɔde ma sɛ aduru a wɔde sa `(Cyanide)` awuduru.
• (Methylene Blue): Aduru titiriw bi a wɔde ma tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Methemoglobinemia''.
• (Intubation)` ne `(Mechanical Ventilation)`: Sɛ wo tebea no mu yɛ den araa ma w’ankasa wuntumi nhome a, nnuruyɛfo de tube bɛhyɛ wo mframa afiri mu (`(Intubation)`) na wɔafi ase de afiri (`(Ventilator)`) (`(Mechanical Ventilation)`) ahome.

Sɛ mehome wusiw a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ?

Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara. Sɛ wowɔ ogya mu, anaa sɛ wususuw sɛ woahome wusiw pii a, nsusuw nneɛma ho mprenu, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sekan biako mpo, na hwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm ara. Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ye saa bere no mpo a, akyiri yi nkutoo na nneɛma bi a asɛe no bɛda adi. Enti, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia. Ayaresa a wɔyɛ no ntɛm betumi agye obi nkwa, mma wo werɛ mmfi saa da.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na asa?

Bere a egye na wo ho atɔ wo afi eyi mu no gyina sɛnea nneɛma a woasɛe no akodu so. Mpɛn pii no, wobetumi asiesie nkɛntɛnso ketewaa bi wɔ nna kakraa bi mu. Nanso, sɛ w’ahurututu asɛe kɛse a, ebetumi agye adapɛn pii, anaa asram pii mpo ansa na ayɛ yiye koraa. Nnuruyɛfo de wo bɛto ayaresabea kosi sɛ wubetumi akɔ fie dwoodwoo na wo ho atɔ wo. Bere a wo ho retɔ wo no, ɛsɛ sɛ wonom wo nnuru sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no. Ɛsɛ sɛ wode w’ahurututu home. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati mmeae a wusiw wɔ koraa.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae

Okay, enti, ɛfiri deɛ yɛaka ho asɛm no mu no, wobɛtumi akae nneɛma kakraa bi a ɛho hia.

Ɛnsɛ sɛ wobu Wusiw a Wɔhome no adewa da. Mma nsusuw sɛ, ‘Oo, ɛyɛ asɛm kɛse sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn, sɛ wobɛfefe kakra kɛkɛ.’ Efisɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a nea efi eyi mu ba no betumi akum obi.

• Wusiw a efi ogya mu a wobɛhome no yɛ asiane kɛse. Ebetumi asɛe wo home nhyehyɛe ne wo nipadua nyinaa.
• Mma w’ani ngu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ahome a ɛyɛ den, ɔfe, koko mu yaw, menewa a ɛyɛ yaw, ne adwenemhaw so. Eyinom betumi ayɛ kɔkɔbɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne.
• Sɛ wunya adwenem naayɛ ketewaa bi mpo sɛ woanya sigaretnom a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara. Ɛnyɛ sɛ ayaresa a wɔde ma ntɛm no betumi agye wo nkwa nko, na mmom esiw nsɛnnennen a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ nso ano.
• Hwɛ sɛnea mframa pa te. Sɛ wokɔ abɔnten nna a wusiw anaa mfutuma pii wɔ hɔ a, hyɛ akataso a ɛbɔ wo ho ban.
• Fa nneɛma bi siw ogya akwanhyia ano wɔ wo fie. Fa mfiri a wɔde hu wusiw hyehyɛ mu.

Wo ahobammɔ ne w’abusua ahobammɔ ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara. Yɛwɔ anidaso sɛ wubehu sɛ mfaso wɔ saa nsɛm yi so. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Wusiw a Wɔhome, Ogya, Wusiw, Ɔhome mu Yare, Ahurututu, Ayaresa a Egye Ntɛmntɛm